咳嗽
Chinese
| cough; sound of sighing | cough | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (咳嗽) | 咳 | 嗽 | |
| alternative forms | 加嗽 Hokkien 膠嗽／胶嗽 Teochew | ||
Pronunciation
Verb
咳嗽
- (intransitive) to cough
- 她咳嗽的聲音很大，嚇了我一跳。 [MSC, trad.]
- Tā késòu de shēngyīn hěn dà, xià le wǒ yī tiào. [Pinyin]
- Her huge cough startled me.
她咳嗽的声音很大，吓了我一跳。 [MSC, simp.]
- (Classical Chinese, figuratively) to make a sound; to speak
Synonyms
- (to cough):
Dialectal synonyms of 咳嗽 (“to cough”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 嗽, 欬 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 咳嗽 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 咳嗽 |
| Taiwan | 咳嗽 | |
| Ulanhot | 咳嗽 | |
| Tongliao | 咳嗽 | |
| Chifeng | 咳嗽 | |
| Bayanhot | 咳嗽 | |
| Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 咳嗽 | |
| Harbin | 咳嗽 | |
| Shenyang | 咳嗽 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 咳嗽 | |
| Jinan | 咳嗽 | |
| Luoyang | 咳嗽 | |
| Wanrong | 咳嗽 | |
| Zhengzhou | 咳嗽 | |
| Xi'an | 咳嗽 | |
| Yinchuan | 咳嗽 | |
| Lanzhou | 咳嗽, 咳 | |
| Xining | 咳嗽 | |
| Ürümqi | 咳嗽 | |
| Wuhan | 咳, 咯 | |
| Huanggang | 咳 | |
| Chengdu | 咳嗽 | |
| Guiyang | 咳嗽 | |
| Kunming | 咳嗽 | |
| Liuzhou | 咳嗽 | |
| Xuzhou | 咳嗽 | |
| Yangzhou | 咳, 咳嗽 | |
| Nanjing | 咳嗽 | |
| Hefei | 咳嗽 | |
| Singapore | 咳嗽 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 咳 |
| Hong Kong | 咳 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 咳嗽 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 咳嗽 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 咳 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 咳 | |
| Macau | 咳 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 咳 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 瘕 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 咳 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 咳 | |
| Foshan | 咳 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 咳 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 咳 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 咳 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 咳 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 咳 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 咳 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 咳 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 咳 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 咳 | |
| Taishan | 嗽 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 嗽 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 咳, 嗽 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 咳 | |
| Dongguan | 咳 | |
| Shaoguan | 咳, 咳嗽 | |
| Yunfu | 咳瘕 | |
| Yangjiang | 嗽, 咳嗽 | |
| Xinyi | 咳 | |
| Lianjiang | 咳 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 咳 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 咳嗽 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 咳, 咳嗽 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 咳嗽 |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 咳嗽 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 咳 | |
| Yudu | 咳 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 嗽, 咳嗽 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 嗽, 咳嗽 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 嗽, 咳嗽 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 嗽, 咳嗽 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 咳, 咳嗽 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 嗽, 咳嗽 | |
| Hong Kong | 咳 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 咳 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 咳嗽, 咳, 嗽 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 咳嗽 |
| Xinzhou | 咳嗽 | |
| Taibus (Baochang) | 咳嗽 | |
| Linhe | 咳嗽 | |
| Jining | 咳嗽 | |
| Hohhot | 咳嗽 | |
| Baotou | 咳嗽 | |
| Dongsheng | 咳嗽 | |
| Haibowan | 咳嗽 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 咳嗽 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 嗽, 空嗽 |
| Changle | 空嗽 | |
| Fuqing | 嗽 | |
| Yongtai | 空嗽 | |
| Gutian | 嗽 | |
| Fu'an | 嗽 | |
| Ningde | 嗽 | |
| Shouning | 嗽 | |
| Zhouning | 嗽 | |
| Fuding | 嗽 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 咁嗽, 咳嗽, 嗽 |
| Quanzhou | 咁嗽 | |
| Zhangzhou | 咁嗽, 咳嗽 | |
| Yilan | 嗽, 咳嗽 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 嗽, 咳嗽, 峇啅 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 咳嗽, 嗽 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 嗽 | |
| Chaozhou | 咳嗽 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 咳嗽 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 咳嗽 | |
| Leizhou | 咳嗽 | |
| Haikou | 咳嗽 | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 咳嗽 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 瘕咆 |
| Xianyou | 瘕咆 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 咳 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 咳 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 咳嗽 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 咳嗽 | |
| Suzhou | 咳嗽, 咳 | |
| Wuxi | 咳嗽 | |
| Danyang | 咳嗽 | |
| Hangzhou | 嗆, 咳嗽 | |
| Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 嗆, 咳嗽 | |
| Ningbo | 嗆, 嗽, 咳嗽 | |
| Wenzhou | 嗽, 咳嗽 | |
| Jinhua | 咳嗽, 咳 | |
| Jinhua (Tangxi) | 嗽 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 咳嗽, 咳 |
| Loudi | 𠻞 | |
| Shuangfeng | 𠻞 | |
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 咳 | 嗽 |
| がい Hyōgaiji | そう Hyōgaiji |
| on’yomi | |
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) がいそー [gàísóó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- IPA(key): [ɡa̠iso̞ː]
Noun
咳嗽 • (gaisō) ←がいそう (gaisou)?
- (medicine, formal) cough; coughing
- Synonym: せき (seki)
Verb
咳嗽する • (gaisō suru) ←がいそう (gaisou)? suru (stem 咳嗽し (gaisō shi), past 咳嗽した (gaisō shita))
- (medicine, formal) to cough
Conjugation
Conjugation of "咳嗽する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 咳嗽し | がいそうし | gaisō shi | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 咳嗽し | がいそうし | gaisō shi | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 咳嗽する | がいそうする | gaisō suru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 咳嗽する | がいそうする | gaisō suru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 咳嗽すれ | がいそうすれ | gaisō sure | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 咳嗽せよ¹ 咳嗽しろ² | がいそうせよ¹ がいそうしろ² | gaisō seyo¹ gaisō shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 咳嗽される | がいそうされる | gaisō sareru | |
| Causative | 咳嗽させる 咳嗽さす | がいそうさせる がいそうさす | gaisō saseru gaisō sasu | |
| Potential | 咳嗽できる | がいそうできる | gaisō dekiru | |
| Volitional | 咳嗽しよう | がいそうしよう | gaisō shiyō | |
| Negative | 咳嗽しない | がいそうしない | gaisō shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 咳嗽せず | がいそうせず | gaisō sezu | |
| Formal | 咳嗽します | がいそうします | gaisō shimasu | |
| Perfective | 咳嗽した | がいそうした | gaisō shita | |
| Conjunctive | 咳嗽して | がいそうして | gaisō shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 咳嗽すれば | がいそうすれば | gaisō sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN