味噌

味噌

Chinese

		taste	sound of bells, etc; to scold; whoosh!
simp. and trad. (味噌)		味	噌

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 味噌 (miso).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wèicēng

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˋ ㄘㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mei⁶ zang¹
• Min Nan (POJ): mí-so͘h / mí-soh / bí-so͘h

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wèicēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˋ ㄘㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wèiceng
    • Wade–Giles: wei⁴-tsʻêng¹
    • Yale: wèi-tsēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: weytseng
    • Palladius: вэйцэн (vɛjcɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰɤŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: mei⁶ zang¹
    • Yale: meih jāng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mei⁶ dzang¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: méi⁶ zeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mei̯²² t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Hsinchu, Taichung, Tainan, Yilan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mí-so͘h
    • Tâi-lô: mí-sooh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: mysoq
    • IPA (Yilan): /mĩ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sɔʔ²/
    • IPA (Tainan): /mĩ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sɔʔ³²/
  • (Hokkien: Taipei, Kaohsiung, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mí-soh
    • Tâi-lô: mí-soh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: mysoiq
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sɤʔ³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ soʔ³²/
  • (Hokkien: Lukang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bí-so͘h
    • Tâi-lô: bí-sooh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bysoq
    • IPA (Lukang): /bi⁵⁵⁻³⁵ sɔʔ⁵/

Noun

味噌

1. miso (fermenting soybean paste)

Synonyms

• 豆醬／豆酱 (dòujiàng)
• (Min Nan) 日本豆醬／日本豆酱

Derived terms

味噌湯／味噌汤 (wèicēngtāng)

---

Japanese

Kanji in this term
味	噌
み Grade: 3	そ Jinmeiyō
goon	kan’yōon

Alternative spellings
未醤 味醤

味噌 (miso): three different kinds of miso for sale.

Etymology

*/misau/ → */misɔ/ → /miso/

First attested in Ritsuryō tax records from 738 CE, with the spelling 未醤.[1]

Possibly either directly from Middle Chinese 未醬 (MC mʉi^H t͡sɨɐŋ^H), or a coinage in Japan of Middle Chinese-derived elements as a compound of 未 (mi, “not yet, immature”) +‎ 醬 (sō, “sauce”, the older goon reading, from even older sau).

Vovin, however, considers it to be a borrowing from Koreanic,[2] compare Modern Korean 메주 (meju) "brick of dried fermented soybeans."

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) み​そ [míꜜsò] (Atamadaka – [1])[3]
• IPA^(key): [mʲiso̞]

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

味(み)噌(そ) • (miso) 

1. miso (fermented soybean paste)
2. the innards of a crab or shrimp resembling miso
3. the good part (from the taste of miso)

   そこがミソなんだよ。

   Soko ga miso na n da yo.

   That's the great part about it.

4. Short for 味噌っ滓 (misokkasu): a good-for-nothing child
5. a weakling
6. a failure

   Synonyms: しくじり (shikujiri), 失敗 (shippai)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 味噌和(みそあ)え, 味噌韲(みそあ)え (misoae)
• 味噌餡(みそあん) (misoan)
• 味噌(みそ)水(うず), 糝(みそうず) (misōzu), 味噌水(みそう) (misō)
• 味噌(みそ)買(か)い橋(ばし) (Miso Kaibashi)
• 味噌(みそ)滓(かす), 味噌(みそ)糟(かす) (miso kasu), 味噌(みそ)っ滓(かす) (misokkasu)
• 味噌(みそ)カツ (miso katsu)
• 味噌(みそ)粥(がゆ) (misogayu)
• 味噌(みそ)川(がわ) (Misogawa)
• 味噌(みそ)糞(くそ) (miso kuso)
• 味噌(みそ)蔵(ぐら) (misogura)
• 味噌気(みそけ) (misoke)
• 味噌(みそ)麹(こうじ) (miso kōji)
• 味噌漉(みそこ)し (misokoshi)
• 味噌(みそ)汁(しる) (misoshiru, “miso soup”)
• 味噌擂(みそす)り (misosuri)
• 味噌擂(みそす)り坊主(ぼうず) (misosuri bōzu)
• 味噌(みそ)煎餅(せんべい) (miso senbei)
• 味噌(みそ)玉(だま) (misodama)
• 味噌搗(みそつ)き (misotsuki)
• 味噌漬(みそづ)け, 味噌(みそ)漬(づけ) (miso-zuke)
• 味噌(ミソ)直(ナオシ) (misonaoshi)
• 味噌煮(みそに) (misoni)
• 味噌(みそ)っ歯(ぱ) (misoppa)
• 味噌(みそ)ピーナツ (miso pīnatsu)
• 味噌部屋(みそべや) (miso-beya)
• 味噌(みそ)豆(まめ) (misomame)
• 味噌(みそ)焼(やき), 味噌焼(みそや)き (misoyaki)
• 味噌(みそ)役人(やくにん) (miso yakunin)
• 味噌(みそ)用人(ようにん) (miso yōnin)
• 赤(あか)味噌(みそ) (akamiso)
• 甘(あま)味噌(みそ) (amamiso)
• 合(あわ)せ味噌(みそ), 合(あ)わせ味噌(みそ) (awasemiso)
• 田舎(いなか)味噌(みそ) (inaka miso)
• 魚(うお)味噌(みそ) (uo miso)
• 江戸(えど)味噌(みそ) (Edo miso)
• 岡崎(おかざき)味噌(みそ) (Okazaki miso)
• 落(おと)し味噌(みそ), 落(お)とし味噌(みそ) (otoshimiso)
• 牡蠣(かき)味噌(みそ) (kaki miso)
• 鰹(かつお)味噌(みそ) (katsuo miso)
• 蟹(かに)味噌(みそ) (kanimiso)
• 榧(かや)味噌(みそ) (kaya miso)
• 辛(から)味噌(みそ) (karamiso)
• 乾燥(かんそう)味噌(みそ) (kansō miso)
• 切(きり)味噌(みそ), 切(き)り味噌(みそ) (kirimiso)
• 径山寺(きんざんじ)味噌(みそ), 金山寺味噌(きんざんじみそ) (Kinzanji miso)
• 糞(くそ)味噌(みそ) (kuso miso)
• 五斗(ごと)味噌(みそ), 後藤(ごと)味噌(みそ) (goto miso)
• 粉(こな)味噌(みそ) (kona miso)
• 胡麻(ごま)味噌(みそ) (goma miso)
• 米(こめ)味噌(みそ) (kome miso)
• 西京(さいきょう)味噌(みそ) (Saikyō miso)
• 桜(さくら)味噌(みそ) (sakura miso)
• 山椒(さんしょう)味噌(みそ) (sanshō miso)
• 三年(さんねん)味噌(みそ) (sannen miso)
• 敷(しき)味噌(みそ), 敷(し)き味噌(みそ) (shikimiso)
• 生姜(しょうが)味噌(みそ) (shōga miso)
• 白(しろ)味噌(みそ) (shiromiso)
• 信州(しんしゅう)味噌(みそ) (Shinshū miso)
• 糂粏(じんだ)味噌(みそ) (jinda miso)
• 酢味噌(すみそ) (sumiso)
• 仙台(せんだい)味噌(みそ) (Sendai miso)
• 鯛(たい)味噌(みそ) (tai miso)
• 玉(たま)味噌(みそ) (tamamiso)
• 駄味噌(だみそ) (damiso)
• 垂(た)れ味噌(みそ) (taremiso)
• 鉄火(てっか)味噌(みそ) (tekka miso)
• 手味噌(てみそ) (temiso)
• 泣(なき)味噌(みそ), 泣(な)き味噌(みそ) (nakimiso)
• 生(なま)味噌(みそ) (namamiso)
• なめ味噌(みそ), 嘗(な)め味噌(みそ) (namemiso)
• 肉(にく)味噌(みそ) (niku miso)
• 糠(ぬか)味噌(みそ) (nuka miso)
• 葱(ねぎ)味噌(みそ) (negi miso)
• 練(ね)味噌(みそ), 練(ね)り味噌(みそ), 煉(ね)り味噌(みそ) (nerimiso)
• 脳(のう)味噌(みそ) (nōmiso, “brains”)
• 八丁(はっちょう)味噌(みそ) (hatchō miso)
• ピーナツ味噌(みそ) (pīnatsu miso)
• 蕗(ふき)味噌(みそ) (fukimiso)
• 袱(ふく)紗(さ)味噌(みそ) (fukusa miso)
• 朴(ほお)葉(ば)味噌(みそ) (hōba miso)
• 法論味噌(ほろみそ) (horomiso)
• 豆(まめ)味噌(みそ) (mame miso)
• 麦(むぎ)味噌(みそ) (mugi miso)
• 諸(もろ)味(み)味噌(みそ) (moromi miso)
• 焼(やき)味噌(みそ), 焼(や)き味噌(みそ) (yakimiso)
• 柚(ゆず)味噌(みそ) (yuzu miso), 柚味噌(ゆみそ) (yumiso)
• 弱(よわ)味噌(みそ) (yowamiso)

Idioms

Idioms

• 味噌(みそ)が腐(くさ)る (miso ga kusaru)
• 味噌(みそ)を上(あ)げる (miso o ageru)
• 味噌(みそ)を擂(す)る (miso o suru)
• 味噌(みそ)を付(つ)ける (miso o tsukeru)
• 酢(す)にも味噌(みそ)にも (su ni mo miso ni mo)
• 手(て)前(まえ)味噌(みそ) (temae miso)

Proverbs

• 味噌(みそ)も糞(くそ)も一緒(いっしょ) (miso mo kuso mo issho), 糞(くそ)も味噌(みそ)も一緒(いっしょ) (kuso mo miso mo issho)
• 鬼(おに)味噌(みそ) (oni miso)
• 長者(ちょうじゃ)の脛(はぎ)に味噌(みそ)を塗(ぬ)る (chōja no hagi ni miso o nuru)

Descendants

• → Chinese: 味噌
• → Min Nan: Mí-sooh
• → English: miso
• → French: miso
• → German: Miso
• → Hindi: मिसो (miso)
• → Italian: miso
• → Korean: 미소 (miso)
• → Persian: میسو‎ (miso)
• → Portuguese: missô
• → Russian: ми́со (míso)
• → Spanish: miso

See also

• 醤(ひしお) (hishio)

Proper noun

味(み)噌(そ) • (Miso) 

1. a surname

References

1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2. Vovin, Alexander (2007), “Korean Loanwords”, in Altai Hakpo (알타이학보)‎, volume 17, pages 77-78
3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN