周公

Chinese

		encircle; circuit; complete encircle; circuit; complete; lap; week; cycle; all; every; attentive; thoughtful	just; honorable; public just; honorable; public; common; fair; duke; mister
trad. (周公)		周	公
simp. ^#(周公)		周	公

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Zhōugōng
(Zhuyin): ㄓㄡㄍㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zau¹ gung¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Zhōugōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄡㄍㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Jhougong
  - Wade–Giles: Chou¹-kung¹
  - Yale: Jōu-gūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jougong
  - Palladius: Чжоугун (Čžougun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zau¹ gung¹
  - Yale: jāu gūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzau¹ gung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zeo¹ gung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕɨu kuŋ/

Rime
Character	周	公
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	職流切	古紅切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨu/	/kuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiu/	/kuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiəu/	/kuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuw/	/kəwŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiu/	/kuŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭəu/	/kuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/	/kuŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōu	gōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zau¹	gung¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tiw C.qˤoŋ/
(Zhengzhang): /*tjɯw kloːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	周	周	公	公
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhōu	zhōu	gōng	gōng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuw ›	‹ tsyuw ›	‹ kuwng ›	‹ kuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*tiw/	/*tiw/	/*C.qˁoŋ/	/*C.qˁoŋ/
English	Zhōu (dynasty and place)	cycle; all around	impartial, just; public	father; prince
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	周	公
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	17531	4092
Phonetic component	周	公
Rime group	幽	東
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	周	公
Old Chinese	/*tjɯw/	/*kloːŋ/
Notes	甲金文象田間稼密，爲稠初文

Proper noun

周公

Duke of Zhou
- 武王即位，太公望為師，周公旦為輔，召公、畢公之徒左右王，師修文王緒業。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  武王即位，太公望为师，周公旦为辅，召公、毕公之徒左右王，师修文王绪业。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
  Wǔwáng jí wèi, Tàigōng Wàng wéi shī, Zhōugōng Dàn wéi fǔ, Zhàogōng, Bìgōng zhī tú zuǒyòu wáng, shī xiū Wénwáng xùyè. [Pinyin]
  When King Wu acceded to the throne, Taigong Wang was the tutor, Dan the Duke of Zhou was the assistant, the Duke of Shao, the Duke of Pi and others all attended the king to the left and to the right. They followed and cultivated King Wen’s legacy.
- 子曰：「甚矣吾衰也！久矣吾不復夢見周公。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  子曰：“甚矣吾衰也！久矣吾不复梦见周公。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE
  Zǐyuē: “Shèn yǐ wú shuāi yě! Jiǔ yǐ wú bùfù mèngjiàn Zhōugōng.” [Pinyin]
  The Master said, "Extreme is my decline. For a long time, I have not dreamed, as I was wont to do, that I saw the Duke of Zhou."
- 一師晝寢，及醒，謬言曰：「我乃夢周公也。」明晝，其徒效之。師以界方擊醒，曰：「汝何得如此？」徒曰：「亦往見周公耳。」師曰：「周公何語？」答曰：「周公說昨日並不曾會尊師。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  一师昼寝，及醒，谬言曰：“我乃梦周公也。”明昼，其徒效之。师以界方击醒，曰：“汝何得如此？”徒曰：“亦往见周公耳。”师曰：“周公何语？”答曰：“周公说昨日并不曾会尊师。” [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: 馮夢龍 (Feng Menglong),《笑府》(Treasury of Laughs), late Ming dynasty.
  Yī shī zhòuqǐn, jí xǐng, miùyán yuē: “Wǒ nǎi mèng Zhōugōng yě.” Míngzhòu, qí tú xiào zhī. Shī yǐ jièfāng jī xǐng, yuē: “Rǔ hé dé rúcǐ?” Tú yuē: “Yì wǎng jiàn Zhōugōng ěr.” Shī yuē: “Zhōugōng hé yǔ?” Dáyuē: “Zhōugōng shuō zuórì bìng bù céng huì zūnshī.” [Pinyin]
  A teacher dozed off in broad daylight; when he woke up, he said untruthfully: "I was dreaming of the Duke of Zhou." The next day, his pupil did so too; the teacher struck him with a ferule and woke him up. The teacher asked: "How could you do this?" The pupil answered: "I was also dreaming of the Duke of Zhou." The teacher asked: "What did the Duke of Zhou say?". The pupil answered: "The Duke of Zhou said he did not see you, venerable teacher, ever once yesterday."

Derived terms

周公吐哺
周公之禮／周公之礼
周公解夢／周公解梦

夢周公／梦周公
夢見周公／梦见周公
搵周公／揾周公

Noun

周公

(literary, figuratively) dream