吸
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Translingual
Han character
吸 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 口弓竹水 (RNHE), four-corner 67047, composition ⿰口及)
References
- KangXi: page 179, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3372
- Dae Jaweon: page 397, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 594, character 1
- Unihan data for U+5438
- Unihan data for U+2F83D
Chinese
| trad. | 吸 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 吸 | |
| alternative forms | 噏 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (及) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 趿 | *sqʰɯːb |
| 鈒 | *sqʰɯːb, *sqʰrɯb |
| 靸 | *sqʰɯːb, *sqʰaːb |
| 馺 | *sqʰɯːb |
| 砐 | *ŋɡɯːb |
| 魥 | *ŋɡɯːb, *kʰab |
| 扱 | *skʰrɯːb |
| 笈 | *skʰrɯːb, *ɡrab, *ɡab, *ɡrɯb |
| 衱 | *ɡrab, *kab |
| 极 | *ɡrab, *ɡab |
| 昅 | *ɡab |
| 雭 | *sqʰrɯb |
| 急 | *krɯb |
| 級 | *krɯb |
| 汲 | *krɯb |
| 芨 | *krɯb |
| 伋 | *krɯb |
| 彶 | *krɯb |
| 及 | *ɡrɯb |
| 岌 | *ŋɡrɯb |
| 吸 | *qʰrɯb |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰrɯb) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 及 (OC *ɡrɯb) – to inhale through the mouth. Note that 及 originally derives from “grab”, hence connotations of “grab through the mouth, inhale”.
Pronunciation
Definitions
吸
- to breath in; to inhale
- 吸一口氣／吸一口气 ― xī yī kǒu qì ― to take a breath
- 吸塵器／吸尘器 ― xīchénqì ― vacuum cleaner
- 藐姑射之山，有神人居焉，肌膚若冰雪，淖約若處子，不食五穀，吸風飲露。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
- Miǎo Gūyè zhī shān, yǒu shénrén jū yān, jīfū ruò bīngxuě, nàoyuē ruò chùzǐ, bù shí wǔgǔ, xīfēngyǐnlù. [Pinyin]
- Far away on the hill of Gu Ye there dwelt a Spirit-like man whose flesh and skin were (smooth) as ice and (white) as snow; that his manner was elegant and delicate as that of a virgin; that he did not eat any of the five grains, but inhaled the wind and drank the dew.
藐姑射之山，有神人居焉，肌肤若冰雪，淖约若处子，不食五谷，吸风饮露。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to smoke
- 吸煙／吸烟 ― xīyān ― to smoke cigarettes
- 吸大麻 ― xī dàmá ― to smoke marijuana
- to suck; to drink
- 吸奶 ― xīnǎi ― to suckle; to suck milk
- 吸飛泉之微液兮，懷琬琰之華英。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE, translated based on David Hawkes' version
- Xī fēiquán zhī wēi yè xī, huái wǎnyǎn zhī huáyīng. [Pinyin]
- I sipped the subtle liquor of the Flying Spring,
And held in my bosom the flower-bright wan-yan jewel.
吸飞泉之微液兮，怀琬琰之华英。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to absorb
- 吸油紙／吸油纸 ― xīyóuzhǐ ― facial oil blotting paper
- to attract
- 吸鐵石／吸铁石 ― xītiěshí ― magnet
- 異極相吸／异极相吸 ― yì jí xiàng xī ― opposite poles attract
- a surname: Xi
Synonyms
- (to smoke): 抽 (chōu)
- (to absorb):
edit
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- (to attract):
edit
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Antonyms
- (to breathe in): 呼 (hū)
Compounds
Derived terms from 吸
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Japanese
| Shinjitai | 吸 | |
| Kyūjitai [1] | 吸󠄁 吸+ 󠄁?(Adobe-Japan1) |  |
| 吸󠄃 吸+ 󠄃?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
Kanji
吸
(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)
- suck
- imbibe
- inhale
- sip
Readings
- Go-on: こう (kō)←こふ (kofu, historical)
- Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)←きふ (kifu, historical)
- Kun: すう (suu, 吸う, Jōyō)←すふ (sufu, historical)
References
- “吸”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia) (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 吸 (MC hˠiɪp̚). Recorded as Middle Korean 흡〮 (húp) (Yale: hup) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
Wikisource吸 (eumhun 마실 흡 (masil heup))
- Hanja form? of 흡 (“to drink, suck in, to inhale, to attract”).
Compounds
Compounds
- 호흡 (呼吸, hoheup)
- 흡수 (吸收, heupsu)
- 흡연 (吸煙, heubyeon)
- 흡착 (吸着, heupchak)
- 흡입 (吸入, heubip)
- 흡인 (吸引, heubin)
- 흡광 (吸光, heupgwang)
- 흡혈 (吸血, heuphyeol)
- 흡혈귀 (吸血鬼, heuphyeolgwi)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
吸: Hán Việt readings: hấp
吸: Nôm readings: cộp, cạp, hấp, hớp, húp, hút
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