反映

Chinese

		wrong side out or up; anti-	reflect; shine
trad. (反映)		反	映
simp. ^#(反映)		反	映

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fǎnyìng
(Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˇ ㄧㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): faan² jing²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fán-yang
Min Dong (BUC): huāng-ióng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hoán-èng
(Teochew, Peng'im): huang² iang³ / huêng² iang³
Wu (Wiktionary): fe in (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fǎnyìng
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˇ ㄧㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fǎnyìng
  - Wade–Giles: fan³-ying⁴
  - Yale: fǎn-yìng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: faanyinq
  - Palladius: фаньин (fanʹin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ iŋ⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    反應／反应
    反映
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: faan² jing²
  - Yale: fáan yíng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faan² jing²
  - Guangdong Romanization: fan² ying²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn³⁵ jɪŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fán-yang
  - Hakka Romanization System: fan` iang
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fan³ yang⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fan³¹ i̯aŋ⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fán-yang
  - Hakka Romanization System: fan` (r)iang
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fan³ yang⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fan³¹ (j)i̯aŋ⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: huāng-ióng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(Ø-)ŋyɔŋ²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoán-èng
  - Tâi-lô: huán-ìng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoafn'exng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /huan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɪŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /huan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ iɪŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /huan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɪŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /huan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɪŋ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /huan⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iɪŋ²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: huang² iang³ / huêng² iang³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huáng iàng / huéng iàng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ iaŋ²¹³/, /hueŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ iaŋ²¹³/

Note: huang2 iang3 - Shantou/huêng2 iang3 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: fe in (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fe̞³³ ɪɲ⁴⁴/

Verb

反映

(literally) to reflect; to mirror
(figuratively) to indicate; to reflect
這部小說反映了一個封建家庭的敗落。 [MSC, trad.]
这部小说反映了一个封建家庭的败落。 [MSC, simp.]
Zhè bù xiǎoshuō fǎnyìng le yī ge fēngjiàn jiātíng de bàiluò. [Pinyin]
The novel reflects the decline of a feudal family.
- 它從根本上反映的是對公共利益的漠視和輕慢。 [MSC, trad.]
  它从根本上反映的是对公共利益的漠视和轻慢。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 2011-09-29, Southern Rural News, “搓板路”反映的是对公共利益的漠视和轻慢
  Tā cóng gēnběn shàng fǎnyìng de shì duì gōnggòng lìyì de mòshì hé qīngmàn. [Pinyin]
  It essentially reflects the indifference to and disregard for public interest.
to express an opinion (usually criticism) to a higher echelon; to report

Synonyms

(to reflect): 反照 (fǎnzhào), 反射 (fǎnshè)
(to indicate): 表明 (biǎomíng), 顯示／显示 (xiǎnshì), 說明／说明 (shuōmíng), 體現／体现 (tǐxiàn), 折射 (zhéshè)
(to report): 報告／报告 (bàogào), 轉達／转达 (zhuǎndá), 稟告／禀告 (bǐnggào)

Noun

反映

reflection; image; indication

Usage notes

Sometimes erroneously used interchangeably with its Mandarin homophone 反應／反应 (fǎnyìng).

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (反映):

→ Japanese: 反映(はんえい) (han'ei)
→ Korean: 반영(反映) (banyeong)
→ Vietnamese: phản ánh (反映)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
反	映
はん Grade: 3	えい Grade: 6
kan’on

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) はんえー [hàń'éé] (Heiban – [0])[1][2][3]
IPA^(key): [hã̠ɰ̃e̞ː]

Noun

反(はん)映(えい) • (han'ei) ^{←はんえい (fan'ei)^?}

reflection

Derived terms

反(はん)映(えい)論(ろん) (han'eiron)

Verb

反(はん)映(えい)する • (han'ei suru) ^{←はんえい (fan'ei)^?} transitive or intransitive suru (stem 反(はん)映(えい)し (han'ei shi), past 反(はん)映(えい)した (han'ei shita))

to reflect
- 1932, 黒(くろ)島(しま)伝(でん)治(じ) [Denji Kuroshima], 明(めい)治(じ)の戦(せん)争(そう)文(ぶん)学(がく) (Meiji no sensō bungaku)‎:
  明(めい)治(じ)年(ねん)間(かん)、殊(こと)に、日(にっ)清(しん)戦(せん)争(そう)から、日(にち)露(ろ)戦(せん)争(そう)前(ぜん)後(ご)にかけての期(き)間(かん)は、最(もっと)も軍(ぐん)国(こく)主(しゅ)義(ぎ)的(てき)精(せい)神(しん)が、国(こく)内(ない)に横(おう)溢(いつ)した時(じ)期(き)だった。そして、これは明(めい)治(じ)時(じ)代(だい)の作(さっ)家(か)の、そのかなり大(だい)部(ぶ)分(ぶん)のイデオロギーにも反(はん)映(えい)せずにはいなかった。
  Meiji nenkan, koto ni, Nisshin Sensō kara, Nichiro Sensō zengo ni kakete no kikan wa, mottomo gunkoku shugi-teki seishin ga, kokunai ni ōitsu shita jiki datta. Soshite, kore wa Meiji jidai no sakka no, sono kanari daibubun no ideorogī ni mo han'ei sezu ni wa inakatta.
  During the Meiji era, especially the period from the Sino-Japanese War to around the time of the Russo-Japanese War was a time when the spirit of the militarism was most prevalent in Japan. And then this could not help reflecting in ideology of the greater part of writers in the Meiji era.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "反映する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	反映し	はんえいし	han'ei shi
Continuative (連用形)	反映し	はんえいし	han'ei shi
Terminal (終止形)	反映する	はんえいする	han'ei suru
Attributive (連体形)	反映する	はんえいする	han'ei suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	反映すれ	はんえいすれ	han'ei sure
Imperative (命令形)	反映せよ¹ 反映しろ²	はんえいせよ¹ はんえいしろ²	han'ei seyo¹ han'ei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	反映される	はんえいされる	han'ei sareru
Causative	反映させる反映さす	はんえいさせるはんえいさす	han'ei saseru han'ei sasu
Potential	反映できる	はんえいできる	han'ei dekiru
Volitional	反映しよう	はんえいしよう	han'ei shiyō
Negative	反映しない	はんえいしない	han'ei shinai
Negative continuative	反映せず	はんえいせず	han'ei sezu
Formal	反映します	はんえいします	han'ei shimasu
Perfective	反映した	はんえいした	han'ei shita
Conjunctive	反映して	はんえいして	han'ei shite
Hypothetical conditional	反映すれば	はんえいすれば	han'ei sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
反	映

Noun

反映 • (banyeong) (hangeul 반영)

Hanja form^? of 반영 (“reflection”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
反	映

Verb

反映

chữ Hán form of phản ánh (“to reflect”).

[NHK-1] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[SMK7-2] 2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-3] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN