原始

原始

Chinese

		former; original; primary former; original; primary; raw; level; cause; source	begin
simp. and trad. (原始)		原	始
variant forms		元始

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yuánshǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˊ ㄕˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁴ ci²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngièn-sṳ́ / ngiàn-sṳ́
• Min Dong (BUC): nguòng-sṳ̄
• Min Nan (POJ): goân-sí

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: yuánshǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ ㄕˇ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuanshyy
    • IPA ^(key): /y̯ɛn³⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jyun⁴ ci²
    • Yale: yùhn chí
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁴ tsi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun⁴ qi²
    • IPA ^(key): /jyːn²¹ t͡sʰiː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngièn-sṳ́
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngienˇ sii`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngian<sup>2</sup> si<sup>3</sup>
    • IPA: /ɲi̯en¹¹ sɨ³¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiàn-sṳ́
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngianˇ sii`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngian² si³
    • IPA: /ɲi̯an¹¹ sɨ³¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: nguòng-sṳ̄
    • IPA ^(key): /ŋuoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ^(s-)ny³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goân-sí
    • Tâi-lô: guân-sí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: goansie
    • IPA (Xiamen): /guan²⁴⁻²² ɕi⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /guan²⁴⁻²² ɕi⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /guan¹³⁻²² ɕi⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /guan²⁴⁻¹¹ ɕi⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /guan²³⁻³³ ɕi⁴¹/

Adjective

原始

1. primitive
2. first; original
3. (linguistics) proto-
4. (attributive, of a source, document, etc.) original; first-hand

Derived terms

原始人 (yuánshǐrén) 原始公社 原始印歐語／原始印欧语 (Yuánshǐ Yìn-Ōuyǔ) 原始林 (yuánshǐlín) 原始森林 (yuánshǐ sēnlín)

原始社會／原始社会 原始積累／原始积累 原始股 原始閩語／原始闽语 (yuánshǐ mǐnyǔ)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
原	始
げん Grade: 2	し Grade: 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡẽ̞ɰ̃ɕi]

Noun

原始 (hiragana げんし, rōmaji genshi)

1. primal, primeval
2. source (data etc.)