十二月

十二月

Chinese

		twelve; 12	moon; month
simp. and trad. (十二月)		十二	月

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): shí'èryuè

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄦˋ ㄩㄝˋ

  (Chengdu, SP): si² er⁴ yue²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sap⁶ ji⁶ jyut⁶

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̍p-ngi-ngie̍t / sṳ̍p-ngi-ngia̍t

  (Meixian, Guangdong): sib⁶ ngi⁴ ngiad⁶

• Min Dong (BUC): sĕk-nê-nguŏk
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): cha̍p-lī-ge̍rh / cha̍p-lī-ge̍h / cha̍p-jī-goe̍h / cha̍p-jī-ge̍h / cha̍p-gī-goe̍h / cha̍p-jī-gēr / cha̍p-jī-gōe

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zab⁸ ri⁶ ghuêh⁸

• Wu (Wiktionary): zeq nyi hhyq (T5)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: shí'èryuè
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄦˋ ㄩㄝˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyellyueh
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ y̯œ⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: si² er⁴ yue²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: srye
    • IPA ^(key): /sz̩²¹ ɚ²¹³ ye²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sap⁶ ji⁶ jyut⁶
    • Yale: sahp yih yuht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sap⁹ ji⁶ jyt⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: seb⁶ yi⁶ yud⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /sɐp̚² jiː²² jyːt̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̍p-ngi-ngie̍t
    • Hakka Romanization System: siib ngi ngied
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sib⁶ ngi⁴ ngiad⁶
    • IPA: /sɨp̚⁵ ɲi⁵⁵ ɲi̯et̚⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̍p-ngi-ngia̍t
    • Hakka Romanization System: siib ngi ngiad
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sib⁶ ngi⁴ ngiad⁶
    • IPA: /sɨp̚⁵ ɲi⁵⁵ ɲi̯at̚⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: sib⁶ ngi⁴ ngiad⁶
    • IPA: /sip̚⁵ ɲi⁵³ ɲiat̚⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sĕk-nê-nguŏk
    • IPA ^(key): /sɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ nˡi²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ŋuoʔ⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-lī-ge̍rh
    • Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-lī-ge̍rh
    • IPA (Kinmen): /t͡sap̚⁵⁴⁻³² li²²⁻¹² gəʔ⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sap̚²⁴⁻²² li⁴¹⁻²² gəʔ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Philippines, Jinjiang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-lī-ge̍h
    • Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-lī-ge̍h
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zablixgeh
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² li³³⁻¹¹ geʔ⁴/
    • IPA (Philippines, Jinjiang): /t͡sap̚²⁴⁻²² li⁴¹⁻²² geʔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² li²²⁻²¹ geʔ⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-jī-goe̍h
    • Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-jī-gue̍h
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zabjixgoeh
    • IPA (Penang): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³ d͡ʑi²¹ gueʔ⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² ʑi³³⁻²¹ gueʔ⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡ʑi²²⁻²¹ gueʔ¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-jī-ge̍h
    • Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-jī-ge̍h
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zabjixgeh
  • (Hokkien: Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-gī-goe̍h
    • Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-gī-gue̍h
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zabgixgoeh
  • (Hokkien: Sanxia)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-jī-gēr
    • Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-jī-gēr
  • (Hokkien: Yilan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-jī-gōe
    • Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-jī-guē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zabjixgoe
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zab⁸ ri⁶ ghuêh⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsa̍p jĭ gue̍h
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻² d͡zi³⁵⁻¹¹ ɡueʔ⁴/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: zeq nyi hhyq (T5)
    • IPA ^(key): /z̻əʔ¹¹ n̠ʲi²² ɦɥ̯ɪʔ²³/

Noun

十二月

1. December
2. twelfth month of the Chinese calendar

Synonyms

• (lunar month):
  • (common) 臘月／腊月 (Làyuè)
  • (archaic) 冰月, 嚴月／严月, 除月, 殘霜天／残霜天, 星回, 嘉平, 季冬 (Jìdōng), 嘉平, 窮節／穷节

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
十	二	月
じゅう Grade: 1	に Grade: 1	がつ Grade: 1
goon		kan’yōon

Etymology 1

From 十 (じゅう)二 (に) (jūni, “twelve”) + 月 (がつ) (-gatsu, counter for the month of the year).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) じゅうにがつ​ [jùúnígátsúꜜ] (Odaka – [5])[1][2] used as a noun
  • (Tokyo) じゅうにがつ [jùúnígátsú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2] used as an adverb
  • IPA^(key): [d͡ʑɨᵝːɲ̟iɡa̠t͡sɨᵝ]

Noun

十二月 (hiragana じゅうにがつ, rōmaji jūnigatsu, historical hiragana じふにぐわつ)

1. December

   Synonyms: 極月 (gokugetsu), 師走 (shiwasu)

Derived terms

• 十 (じゅう)二 (に)月 (がつ)党 (とう) (Jūnigatsu-tō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
十	二	月
Grade: 1	Grade: 1	Grade: 1
jukujikun

From Old Japanese of unknown derivation.

The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓).

Pronunciation

• (Irregular reading)
  • (Tokyo) しわす [shìwású] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
  • IPA^(key): [ɕiɰᵝa̠sɨᵝ]

Noun

十二月 (hiragana しわす, rōmaji shiwasu, historical hiragana しはす)

1. Alternative spelling of 師走 (shiwasu): the twelveth month of the lunar calendar; the month of preparation for the new year
   • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 8, poem 1648), text here

     十 (し)二 (は)月 (す)尓 (に)者 (は)沫雪零 (あわゆきふる)跡 (と)不知 (しらね)可 (か)毛 (も)梅 (うめの)花開 (はなさく)含 (ふふ)不有 (めらずし)而 (て) [Man'yōgana]

     十 (し)二 (は)月 (す)には淡雪 (あわゆき)降 (ふ)ると知 (し)らねかも梅 (うめ)の花 (はな)咲 (さ)くふふめらずして [Modern spelling]

     shiwasu ni wa awayuki furu to shirane ka mo ume no hana saku fufumerazu shite

     (please add an English translation of this example)

See also

• 十 (じゅう)二 (に)ヶ月 (げつ) (jūnikagetsu)
• 十 (じゅう)二 (に)月 (げつ)建 (けん) (jūnigetsuken)

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja in this term
十	二	月

Noun

十二月 • (sibiwol) (hangeul 십이월)

1. Hanja form^? of 십이월 (“December”).