包める
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 包 |
| くる Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) くるめる [kùrúméꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1][2]
- IPA(key): [kɯ̟ᵝɾɯ̟ᵝme̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
Verb
包める (transitive, ichidan conjugation, hiragana くるめる, rōmaji kurumeru)
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 包める |
| mediopassive | 包まる |
- to pack up
- 荷物を一つに包める
- nimotsu o hitotsu ni kurumeru
- to pack up the baggage into one bag
- 荷物を一つに包める
- to wrap
- 毛布でからだを包める
- mōfu de karada o kurumeru
- to wrap the body with a blanket
- 毛布でからだを包める
- to fool or deceive someone by rhetoric
- うまうまと包められる
- umauma to kurumerareru
- to get deceived easily
- うまうまと包められる
Conjugation
Conjugation of "包める" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 包め | くるめ | kurume | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 包め | くるめ | kurume | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 包める | くるめる | kurumeru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 包める | くるめる | kurumeru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 包めれ | くるめれ | kurumere | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 包めよ¹ 包めろ² | くるめよ¹ くるめろ² | kurumeyo¹ kurumero² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 包められる | くるめられる | kurumerareru | |
| Causative | 包めさせる 包めさす | くるめさせる くるめさす | kurumesaseru kurumesasu | |
| Potential | 包められる 包めれる³ | くるめられる くるめれる³ | kurumerareru kurumereru³ | |
| Volitional | 包めよう | くるめよう | kurumeyō | |
| Negative | 包めない 包めぬ 包めん | くるめない くるめぬ くるめん | kurumenai kurumenu kurumen | |
| Negative continuative | 包めず | くるめず | kurumezu | |
| Formal | 包めます | くるめます | kurumemasu | |
| Perfective | 包めた | くるめた | kurumeta | |
| Conjunctive | 包めて | くるめて | kurumete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 包めれば | くるめれば | kurumereba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
Classical conjugation of "包む" (マ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 包め | くるめ | kurume |
| Continuative (連用形) | 包め | くるめ | kurume |
| Terminal (終止形) | 包む | くるむ | kurumu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 包むる | くるむる | kurumuru |
| Realis (已然形) | 包むれ | くるむれ | kurumure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 包めよ | くるめよ | kurumeyo |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 包めず | くるめず | kurumezu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 包むれど | くるむれど | kurumuredo |
| Causal conjunction | 包むれば | くるむれば | kurumureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 包めば | くるめば | kurumeba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 包めき | くるめき | kurumeki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 包めけり | くるめけり | kurumekeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 包めつ | くるめつ | kurumetu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 包めぬ | くるめぬ | kurumenu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 包めたり | くるめたり | kurumetari |
References
- 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN