務める
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 務 |
| つと Grade: 5 |
| kun’yomi |
Etymology
Cognate with Japanese 勤める.
Verb
務める (ichidan conjugation, hiragana つとめる, rōmaji tsutomeru)
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 務める |
| mediopassive | 務まる |
- to assume a role
Conjugation
Conjugation of "務める" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 務め | つとめ | tsutome | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 務め | つとめ | tsutome | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 務める | つとめる | tsutomeru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 務める | つとめる | tsutomeru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 務めれ | つとめれ | tsutomere | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 務めよ¹ 務めろ² | つとめよ¹ つとめろ² | tsutomeyo¹ tsutomero² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 務められる | つとめられる | tsutomerareru | |
| Causative | 務めさせる 務めさす | つとめさせる つとめさす | tsutomesaseru tsutomesasu | |
| Potential | 務められる 務めれる³ | つとめられる つとめれる³ | tsutomerareru tsutomereru³ | |
| Volitional | 務めよう | つとめよう | tsutomeyō | |
| Negative | 務めない 務めぬ 務めん | つとめない つとめぬ つとめん | tsutomenai tsutomenu tsutomen | |
| Negative continuative | 務めず | つとめず | tsutomezu | |
| Formal | 務めます | つとめます | tsutomemasu | |
| Perfective | 務めた | つとめた | tsutometa | |
| Conjunctive | 務めて | つとめて | tsutomete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 務めれば | つとめれば | tsutomereba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
Classical conjugation of "務む" (マ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 務め | つとめ | tutome |
| Continuative (連用形) | 務め | つとめ | tutome |
| Terminal (終止形) | 務む | つとむ | tutomu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 務むる | つとむる | tutomuru |
| Realis (已然形) | 務むれ | つとむれ | tutomure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 務めよ | つとめよ | tutomeyo |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 務めず | つとめず | tutomezu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 務むれど | つとむれど | tutomuredo |
| Causal conjunction | 務むれば | つとむれば | tutomureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 務めば | つとめば | tutomeba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 務めき | つとめき | tutomeki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 務めけり | つとめけり | tutomekeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 務めつ | つとめつ | tutometu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 務めぬ | つとめぬ | tutomenu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 務めたり | つとめたり | tutometari |