冕

冕

冕 U+5195, 冕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5195 ← 冔 [U+5194] CJK Unified Ideographs 冖 → [U+5196]

冕 U+2F8D3, 冕 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8D3 ← 冒 [U+2F8D2] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 最 → [U+2F8D4]

Translingual

冕

Han character

冕 (Kangxi radical 13, 冂+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 日弓日山 (ANAU), four-corner 6041₆, composition ⿱冃免 (GTJV) or ⿱日免 (K))

1. crown
2. ceremonial cap

References

• KangXi: page 129, character 30
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1545
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1514, character 6
• Unihan data for U+5195
• Unihan data for U+2F8D3

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		冕
alternative forms		絻／𰬜

冕 (miǎn)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (免) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
免	*mronʔ
娩	*mronʔ, *mronʔ, *m̥ʰons, *monʔ, *mons, *muns
勉	*mronʔ
俛	*mronʔ
鮸	*mronʔ
冕	*mronʔ
絻	*mronʔ, *moːn, *muns
婏	*m̥ʰos
浼	*muːlʔ
鞔	*moːn
悗	*moːn
嬎	*m̥ʰons
晚	*monʔ
挽	*monʔ
輓	*monʔ, *mons
脕	*monʔ, *mons, *muns
莬	*muns

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): miǎn (mian³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): min⁵
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): bián

  (Teochew, Peng'im): miêng²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: miǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: miǎn
    • Wade–Giles: mien³
    • Yale: myǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mean
    • Palladius: мянь (mjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mjɛn²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: min⁵
    • Yale: míhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: min⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: min⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miːn¹³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bián
    • Tâi-lô: bián
    • Phofsit Daibuun: biern
    • IPA (Xiamen): /biɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /biɛn⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /biɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /biɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɛn⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: miêng²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: miéng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mieŋ⁵²/

---

• Middle Chinese: /mˠiᴇn^X/

Rime
Character	冕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	仙 (79)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	亡辨切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠiᴇnX/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚiɛnX/
Shao Rongfen	/miænX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mianX/
Li Rong	/mjɛnX/
Wang Li	/mĭɛnX/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯ɛnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	miǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	min5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mr[o][r]ʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*mronʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	冕
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	miǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ mjenX ›
Old Chinese	/*mr[o][r]ʔ/
English	ceremonial cap
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	冕
Reading #	1/1
No.	9071
Phonetic component	免
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	免
Old Chinese	/*mronʔ/

Definitions

冕

1. ceremonial cap; crown

   加冕  ―  jiāmiǎn  ―  to crown; to invest as monarch

   冠冕  ―  guànmiǎn  ―  official's hat; royal crown; official; leader

2. (by extension) things similar to a crown

   日冕  ―  rìmiǎn  ―  corona

   衛冕／卫冕  ―  wèimiǎn  ―  to defend one's title; to defend one's championship

Compounds

冕旒 (miǎnliú) 冕服 冠冕 (guānmiǎn) 冠冕堂皇 (guānmiǎntánghuáng) 冠冕衣裳 加冕 (jiāmiǎn) 北冕座 (Běimiǎnzuò) 南州冠冕

弁冕 旒冕 日冕 (rìmiǎn) 毳冕 沐猴冠冕 (mùhóuguànmiǎn) 王冕 黻冕 (fúmiǎn) 服冕乘軒／服冕乘轩

無冕王／无冕王 紱冕／绂冕 衛冕／卫冕 (wèimiǎn) 袞冕／衮冕 裂冠毀冕／裂冠毁冕 軒冕／轩冕 鷩冕／𫜁冕

---

Japanese

Kanji

冕

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: めん (men)
• Kan-on: べん (ben)
• Kun: かんむり (kanmuri, 冕)

Compounds

• 冕(べん)冠(かん) (benkan)
• 冕(べん)者(しゃ) (bensha)
• 冕(べん)服(ぷく) (benpuku)
• 冕(べん)旒(りゅう) (benryū)
• 冠(かん)冕(べん) (kanben)
• 軒(けん)冕(べん) (kenben)
• 玄(げん)冕(べん) (genben)
• 袞(こん)冕(べん) (konben)
• 毳(ぜい)冕(べん) (zeiben)
• 蟬(せん)冕(べん) (senben)
• 税(だつ)冕(べん) (datsuben)
• 紱(ふつ)冕(べん) (futsuben)
• 黻(ふつ)冕(べん) (futsuben)
• 麻(ま)冕(べん) (maben)
• 旒(りゅう)冕(べん) (ryūben)

 

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Kan’on
• (Tokyo) べ​ん [béꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
• IPA^(key): [bẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

冕(べん) • (ben) 

1. crown

Synonyms

• 冕(べん)冠(かん) (benkan)

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

---

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 冕 (MC mˠiᴇn^X).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [mjʌ̹n]
• Phonetic hangul: [면]

Hanja

Wikisource冕 (eumhun 면류관 면 (myeollyugwan myeon))

1. crown

Compounds

• 면관 (冕冠, myeon'gwan)
• 면류 (冕旒, myeollyu)
• 면류관 (冕旒冠, myeollyugwan)
• 면복 (冕服, myeonbok)
• 곤면 (衮冕, gonmyeon)
• 관면 (冠冕, gwanmyeon)
• 헌면 (軒冕, heonmyeon)

References

• Naver Hanja Dictionary: 冕
• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
• Zonmal.com Hanja Dictionary (존말닷컴 한자사전／漢字辭典) (2002-2005).
• 冕 in dictionaries at daum.net

---

Vietnamese

Han character

冕: Hán Nôm readings: miện, mịn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.