僭建

僭建

Chinese

		usurp	to establish; to found; to set up to establish; to found; to set up; to build; to construct
trad. (僭建)		僭	建
simp. #(僭建)		僭	建

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiànjiàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zim³ gin³, cim³ gin³, cim⁵ gin³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiànjiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄐㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiànjiàn
    • Wade–Giles: chien⁴-chien⁴
    • Yale: jyàn-jyàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiannjiann
    • Palladius: цзяньцзянь (czjanʹczjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕjɛn⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 件件 僭建 漸漸／渐渐 濺濺／溅溅

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zim³ gin³, cim³ gin³, cim⁵ gin³
    • Yale: jim gin, chim gin, chíhm gin
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzim³ gin³, tsim³ gin³, tsim⁵ gin³
    • Guangdong Romanization: jim³ gin³, qim³ gin³, qim⁵ gin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːm³³ kiːn³³/, /t͡sʰiːm³³ kiːn³³/, /t͡sʰiːm¹³ kiːn³³/

Note: cim3 gin3, cim5 gin3 - colloquial variants.

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡sem^H  kɨɐn^H/

Rime
Character	僭	建
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	添 (157)	元 (65)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	子念切	居万切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡semH/	/kɨɐnH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡semH/	/kiɐnH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɛmH/	/kiɐnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɛmH/	/kɨanH/
Li Rong	/t͡semH/	/kiɐnH/
Wang Li	/t͡siemH/	/kĭɐnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡siemH/	/kɨ̯ɐnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiàn	jiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zim3	gin3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsˤ[i]m-s  [k]a[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔslɯːms  kans/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	僭	建
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiàn	jiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsemH ›	‹ kjonH ›
Old Chinese	/*tsˁ[i]m-s/	/*[k]a[n]-s/
English	err	set up, establish
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	僭	建
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	6711	6220
Phonetic component	兓	建
Rime group	侵	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	僭	建
Old Chinese	/*ʔslɯːms/	/*kans/

Verb

僭建

1. (Hong Kong) to add structures to a house illegally; to do unauthorised building works
   • 2013 January 9, quoting CY Leung from a Chief Executive election forum held on 2012-03-16, parliamentary debates‎, page 3114:

     唐英年先生，好多人話，你嘅僭建問題，唔係單純嘅僭建問題，而係公開咁向市民講大話，隱瞞你嘅僭建問題。 [Cantonese, trad.]
     唐英年先生，好多人话，你嘅僭建问题，唔系单纯嘅僭建问题，而系公开咁向市民讲大话，隐瞒你嘅僭建问题。 [Cantonese, simp.]

     tong⁴ jing¹ nin⁴ sin¹ saang¹, hou² do¹ jan⁴ waa⁶, nei⁵ ge³ cim³ gin³ man⁶ tai⁴, m⁴ hai⁶ daan¹ seon⁴ ge³ cim³ gin³ man⁶ tai⁴, ji⁴ hai⁶ gung¹ hoi¹ gam² hoeng³ si⁵ man⁴ gong² daai⁶ waa⁶, jan² mun⁴ nei⁵ ge³ cim³ gin³ man⁶ tai⁴. [Jyutping]

     Mr Henry Tang, many people has said that your unauthorized building works problem is not solely an unauthorized building works problem, but is publicly telling lies to the public, hiding your unauthorized building works problem.

Synonyms

• 違建／违建 (wéijiàn)