倦

倦

倦 U+5026, 倦 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5026 ← 倥 [U+5025] CJK Unified Ideographs 倧 → [U+5027]

Translingual

Han character

倦 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人火手山 (OFQU), four-corner 2921₂, composition ⿰亻卷 (GTKV) or ⿰亻巻 (J))

1. be tired of, weary

References

• KangXi: page 108, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 788
• Dae Jaweon: page 231, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 183, character 7
• Unihan data for U+5026

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		倦
alternative forms		勌／倦

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 倦
Small seal script s05897 Transcribed ancient scripts L36738 L23040 L23041 L23042 L23043 L23044
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (卷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
腃	*kʰruls, *ɡron
卷	*ɡron, *kronʔ, *krons, *ɡonʔ
菤	*kronʔ
捲	*kronʔ, *krons, *ɡron
埢	*kronʔ
睠	*krons
弮	*kʰron, *krons
犈	*krons, *ɡron
棬	*kʰron
鬈	*kʰron, *ɡron
圈	*kʰron, *ɡronʔ, *kʰon, *ɡlonʔ, *ɡlons
蜷	*ɡron
踡	*ɡron
婘	*ɡron
蔨	*ɡronʔ, *ɡrunʔ
倦	*ɡrons
淃	*ɡrons
綣	*kʰonʔ, *kʰons
裷	*kʰonʔ, *qon

In the Chu form, a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡrons) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 龹 (). In the Small Seal Script form, a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡrons) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 卷 (OC *ɡron, *kronʔ, *krons, *ɡonʔ).

Etymology

Compare Tibetan ཀྱོར་ཀྱོར (kyor kyor, “weak; feeble”), Tibetan ཁྱོར་བ (khyor ba, “to stumble; to move totteringly”), Tibetan འཁྱོར་བ ('khyor ba, “to stagger, to reel”) (Bodman, 1980). Cognate with 痯 (OC *koːnʔ, *koːns, “exhausted”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): juàn (juan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gyun⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khién / khián
• Min Nan (POJ): koān / koàn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: juàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyuàn
    • Wade–Giles: chüan⁴
    • Yale: jywàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuann
    • Palladius: цзюань (czjuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕɥɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gyun⁶
    • Yale: gyuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gyn⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: gün⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khién
    • Hakka Romanization System: kien`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kian<sup>3</sup>
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯en³¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khián
    • Hakka Romanization System: kian`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kian³
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯an³¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koān
    • Tâi-lô: kuān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koan
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kuan³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kuan²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koàn
    • Tâi-lô: kuàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koaxn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kuan²¹/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 倦
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕyan⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕyan⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕyan⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕyã²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕyã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕyan³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕyã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕyã²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕyan¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕyɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕyan²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕyɛn³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕyan¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕian²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕiɛ̃²¹²/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕyen⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕyĩ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕye⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕye̞³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕye⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/d͡ʑyø²³/
	Suzhou	/d͡ʑiø³¹/
	Hangzhou	/d͡zz̩ʷõ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/d͡ʑy²²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰye²²/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕyɛ⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕyẽ⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕyẽ¹¹/
	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕyẽ⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰian³¹/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kyn²²/
	Nanning	/kyn²²/
	Hong Kong	/kyn²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kuan²²/ /uã²¹/ 俗
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kuɔŋ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kyiŋ³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kuaŋ³⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kin³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɡˠiuᴇn^H/

Rime
Character	倦
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	仙 (80)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	渠卷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiuᴇnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡʷᵚiɛnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiuænH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gwianH/
Li Rong	/ɡjuɛnH/
Wang Li	/ɡĭwɛnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi̯wɛnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	juàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gyun6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrons/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	倦
Reading #	1/1
No.	7199
Phonetic component	卷
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	倦
Old Chinese	/*ɡrons/

Definitions

倦

1. tired; weary

   疲倦  ―  píjuàn  ―  exhausted; fatigued

   厭倦／厌倦  ―  yànjuàn  ―  fed up; bored

   • 子曰：「默而識之，學而不厭，誨人不倦，何有於我哉？」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     子曰：“默而识之，学而不厌，诲人不倦，何有于我哉？” [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zǐ yuē: “Mò ér shí zhī, xué ér bù yàn, huì rén bù juàn, hé yǒu yú wǒ zāi?” [Pinyin]

     The Master said, "The silent treasuring up of knowledge; learning without satiety; and instructing others without being wearied - which one of these things belongs to me?"

Compounds

不倦 (bùjuàn) 乏倦 亹亹不倦 倦乏 倦勤 倦容 (juànróng) 倦怠 (juàndài) 倦意 (juànyì) 倦游 倦累 倦色 困倦 娓娓不倦

孜孜不倦 (zīzībùjuàn) 孳孳不倦 怠倦 拘倦 朝夕不倦 猒倦 疲倦 (píjuàn) 倦遊／倦游 倦飛／倦飞 倦鳥知返／倦鸟知返 力學不倦／力学不倦 (lìxuébùjuàn) 勞倦／劳倦

厭倦／厌倦 (yànjuàn) 好學不倦／好学不倦 (hàoxuébùjuàn) 悶倦／闷倦 憊倦／惫倦 樂善不倦／乐善不倦 樂此不倦／乐此不倦 睏倦／困倦 (kùnjuàn) 終日不倦／终日不倦 (zhōngrì bùjuàn) 誨人不倦／诲人不倦 (huìrénbùjuàn) 誨而不倦／诲而不倦 諄諄不倦／谆谆不倦 鞍馬勞倦／鞍马劳倦

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Japanese

Kanji

倦

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. in fatigue
2. languor
3. grow weary of, lose interest in

Readings

• Go-on: げん (gen)^{←ぐゑん (gwen, historical)}
• Kan-on: けん (ken)^{←くゑん (kwen, historical)}
• Kun: つかれる (tsukareru, 倦れる); うむ (umu, 倦む)

Compounds

• 倦(けん)厭(えん) (ken'en)
• 倦(けん)憩(けい) (kenkei)
• 倦(けん)色(しょく) (kenshoku)
• 倦(けん)惰(だ) (kenda)
• 倦(けん)怠(たい) (kentai)
• 倦(けん)憊(ぱい) (kenpai)

Related terms

• 倦きる, 倦る
• 倦ねる

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Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 倦 (MC ɡˠiuᴇn^H).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 꿘〮 (Yale: kkwén) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 권 (kwen) (Yale: kwen) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kwɘ(ː)n]
• Phonetic hangul: [권(ː)]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource倦 (eumhun 게으를 권 (geeureul gwon))

1. Hanja form^? of 권 (“languor”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 권태 (倦怠, gwontae)
• 권피 (倦疲, gwonpi)
• 권로 (倦勞, gwollo)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

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Vietnamese

Han character

倦: Hán Nôm readings: quyện, cuộn

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