保障

保障

Chinese

		to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee; to maintain; hold or keep; to guard	to block; to hinder; to obstruct
simp. and trad. (保障)		保	障

Etymology

Attestable in ancient Chinese texts. In the legal sense, wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 保 (ほ)障 (しょう) (hoshō).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bǎozhàng

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˇ ㄓㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bou² zoeng³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pó-chông
• Min Nan (POJ): pó-chiòng / pó-chiong / pó-chiàng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: bǎozhàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ ㄓㄤˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baojanq
    • IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: bou² zoeng³
    • Yale: bóu jeung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bou² dzoeng³
    • Guangdong Romanization: bou² zêng³
    • IPA ^(key): /pou̯³⁵ t͡ʃœ̽ːŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó-chông
    • Hakka Romanization System: bo` zong´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bo³ zong¹
    • IPA: /po³¹ t͡soŋ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-chiòng
    • Tâi-lô: pó-tsiòng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poycioxng
    • IPA (Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-chiong
    • Tâi-lô: pó-tsiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poyciofng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-chiàng
    • Tâi-lô: pó-tsiàng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poyciaxng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiaŋ²¹/

Verb

保障

1. to assure; to provide guarantee
2. to defend; to protect

Noun

保障

1. guarantee; assurance

   安全保障  ―  ānquán bǎozhàng  ―  security assurance

2. protection; defense

Derived terms

保質保量／保质保量 (bǎozhìbǎoliàng)

社會保障／社会保障 (shèhuì bǎozhàng)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
保	障
ほ Grade: 5	しょう Grade: 6
on’yomi

Noun

保障 (hiragana ほしょう, rōmaji hoshō)

1. guarantee
2. warranty

Verb

保障する (hiragana ほしょうする, rōmaji hoshō suru)

1. guarantee, endorse, assure

Conjugation

Conjugation of "保障する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	保障し	ほしょうし	hoshō shi
Continuative (連用形)	保障し	ほしょうし	hoshō shi
Terminal (終止形)	保障する	ほしょうする	hoshō suru
Attributive (連体形)	保障する	ほしょうする	hoshō suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	保障すれ	ほしょうすれ	hoshō sure
Imperative (命令形)	保障せよ¹ 保障しろ²	ほしょうせよ¹ ほしょうしろ²	hoshō seyo¹ hoshō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	保障される	ほしょうされる	hoshō sareru
Causative	保障させる 保障さす	ほしょうさせる ほしょうさす	hoshō saseru hoshō sasu
Potential	保障できる	ほしょうできる	hoshō dekiru
Volitional	保障しよう	ほしょうしよう	hoshō shiyō
Negative	保障しない	ほしょうしない	hoshō shinai
Negative continuative	保障せず	ほしょうせず	hoshō sezu
Formal	保障します	ほしょうします	hoshō shimasu
Perfective	保障した	ほしょうした	hoshō shita
Conjunctive	保障して	ほしょうして	hoshō shite
Hypothetical conditional	保障すれば	ほしょうすれば	hoshō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative