俗
See also: 𠈻
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Translingual
Han character
俗 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人金人口 (OCOR), four-corner 28268, composition ⿰亻谷)
Usage notes
This character is not to be confused with 𠈻 (U+2023B) which has 𧮫 instead of 谷 as its right component.
Derived characters
- 𠸘, 𠑉, 𫤈
References
- KangXi: page 105, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 695
- Dae Jaweon: page 221, character 19
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 163, character 10
- Unihan data for U+4FD7
Chinese
| simp. and trad. | 俗 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 俗 | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |||||||||||||||
| Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | |||||||||||||||
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References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Characters in the same phonetic series (谷) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 螸 | *lo |
| 裕 | *loɡs |
| 容 | *loŋ |
| 溶 | *loŋ, *loŋʔ |
| 鎔 | *loŋ |
| 蓉 | *loŋ |
| 傛 | *loŋ, *loŋʔ |
| 褣 | *loŋ |
| 搈 | *loŋ |
| 瑢 | *loŋ |
| 嵱 | *loŋ |
| 熔 | *loŋ |
| 榕 | *loŋ |
| 塎 | *loŋʔ |
| 谷 | *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ |
| 唂 | *kloːɡ |
| 焀 | *ɡloːɡ |
| 俗 | *ljoɡ |
| 欲 | *loɡ |
| 浴 | *loɡ |
| 鵒 | *loɡ |
| 峪 | *ɦkloːɡ |
| 鋊 | *loɡ |
| 輍 | *loɡ |
| 慾 | *loɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ljoɡ) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 谷 (OC *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ) – customs of people.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *luk (“custom; manner”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan ལུགས (lugs, “tradition; custom”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
俗
- vulgar; unrefined; common; popular; vernacular
- (Hokkien) cheap; inexpensive
- custom; practice; habit
- (Buddhism) those of the secular world; non-monks
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 便宜 (“cheap”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 便宜, 低廉, 低賤 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 便宜, 賤 |
| Taiwan | 便宜 | |
| Harbin | 便宜, 賤 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 便宜, 賤 | |
| Jinan | 便宜, 賤 | |
| Luoyang | 便宜, 賤 | |
| Wanrong | 便宜, 賤 | |
| Xi'an | 便宜, 賤 | |
| Yinchuan | 便宜 | |
| Lanzhou | 便宜 | |
| Xining | 便宜 | |
| Ürümqi | 便宜 | |
| Wuhan | 便宜, 相因 | |
| Chengdu | 相因, 便宜 | |
| Guiyang | 相因 | |
| Liuzhou | 便宜 | |
| Xuzhou | 便宜, 賤 | |
| Yangzhou | 便宜, 划廉 | |
| Nanjing | 便宜 | |
| Hefei | 巧, 便宜 | |
| Nantong | 便宜 | |
| Malaysia | 便宜 | |
| Singapore | 便宜 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 平 |
| Hong Kong | 平 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 平 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 平 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 平 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 平 | |
| Macau | 平 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 平 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 平 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 平 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 平 | |
| Foshan | 平 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 平 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 平 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 平 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 便宜, 平 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 平 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 平 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 平 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 平 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 平 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 平 | |
| Taishan | 平 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 平 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 平 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 平 | |
| Dongguan | 平 | |
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 平 | |
| Qingyuan | 平 | |
| Fogang | 平 | |
| Yingde (Hanguang) | 平 | |
| Yangshan | 平, 便宜 | |
| Lianshan (Butian) | 平 | |
| Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 平宜 | |
| Shaoguan | 平 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 平 | |
| Renhua | 平, 抵得 | |
| Lechang | 平 | |
| Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 平 | |
| Sihui | 平 | |
| Guangning | 平枯 | |
| Deqing | 平 | |
| Huaiji | 平 | |
| Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 平 | |
| Yunfu | 平 | |
| Xinxing | 平 | |
| Luoding | 平 | |
| Yunan (Pingtai) | 平 | |
| Yangjiang | 平, 平宜 | |
| Nanning | 平 | |
| Yulin | 平 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 平 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 平 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 便宜 |
| Lichuan | 便宜 | |
| Pingxiang | 便宜 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 便宜, 平 |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 便宜, 平 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 平 | |
| Boluo (Bendihua) | 平, 便宜 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 平 | |
| Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 平 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 平 | |
| Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 便宜 | |
| Wuhua (Huacheng) | 便宜, 平 | |
| Wuhua (Changbu) | 平 | |
| Wuhua (Mianyang) | 便宜 | |
| Heyuan (Bendihua) | 平, 便宜 | |
| Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) | 平, 便宜 | |
| Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) | 便宜 | |
| Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) | 平, 便宜 | |
| Conghua (Lütian) | 便宜 | |
| Jiexi | 便宜 | |
| Yudu | 便宜 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 便宜 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 便宜 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 便宜 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 便宜 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 便宜 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 便宜 | |
| Hong Kong | 平 | |
| Sabah (Longchuan) | 便宜 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 便宜 | |
| Singkawang | 便宜 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 便宜 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 便宜, 賤 |
| Xinzhou | 便宜, 賤 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 便宜 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 便宜, 賤 |
| Matsu | 便宜 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 俗, 便宜 |
| Quanzhou | 俗, 便宜 | |
| Zhangzhou | 俗, 便宜 | |
| Taipei | 俗 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 俗 | |
| Kaohsiung | 俗 | |
| Yilan | 俗, 便宜 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 俗 | |
| Taichung | 俗 | |
| Taichung (Wuqi) | 俗 | |
| Tainan | 俗 | |
| Taitung | 俗 | |
| Hsinchu | 俗 | |
| Kinmen | 俗 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 俗, 便宜 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 便宜 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 偏 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 俗 | |
| Chaozhou | 便 | |
| Shantou | 便 | |
| Jieyang | 便 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 便 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 便 | |
| Wenchang | 便宜 | |
| Haikou | 便宜 | |
| Qionghai | 便宜 | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 便宜 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 相因 |
| Xianyou | 相因 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 平 |
| Sanxiang | 平 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 平 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 便宜, 𠼢 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 便宜, 𠼢 | |
| Suzhou | 便宜, 𠼢 | |
| Danyang | 便宜, 賤 | |
| Hangzhou | 便宜, 賤 | |
| Ningbo | 便宜 | |
| Wenzhou | 鬆, 便宜 | |
| Jinhua | 便宜, 賤 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 便宜 |
| Loudi | 便宜 | |
| Shuangfeng | 便宜, 賤 | |
Compounds
Derived terms from 俗
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Further reading
- “Entry #4706”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Kanji
俗
(common “Jōyō” kanji)
Readings
- Go-on: ぞく (zoku, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: しょく (shoku)
- Kun: ならわし (narawashi, 俗わし)
- Nanori: みち (michi); よ (yo)
Compounds
- 民俗
- 俗悪
- 俗縁
- 俗化
- 俗歌
- 俗画
- 俗解
- 俗界
- 俗学
- 俗楽
- 俗間
- 俗眼
- 俗気
- 俗議
- 俗曲
- 俗形
- 俗見
- 俗言
- 俗諺
- 俗語
- 俗才
- 俗事
- 俗字
- 俗耳
- 俗趣
- 俗儒
- 俗習
- 俗臭
- 俗衆
- 俗書
- 俗称
- 俗情
- 俗信
- 俗人
- 俗塵
- 俗世
- 俗姓
- 俗説
- 俗僧
- 俗体
- 俗談
- 俗調
- 俗諦
- 俗伝
- 俗念
- 俗輩
- 俗筆
- 俗物
- 俗文
- 俗務
- 俗名
- 俗用
- 俗謡
- 俗吏
- 俗流
- 俗累
- 俗論
- 俗話
- 夷俗
- 雅俗
- 旧俗
- 郷俗
- 還俗
- 古俗
- 在俗
- 習俗
- 州俗
- 世俗
- 僧俗
- 脱俗
- 超俗
- 通俗
- 低俗
- 道俗
- 土俗
- 反俗
- 卑俗
- 美俗
- 風俗
- 米俗
- 凡俗
- 俚俗
- 良俗
Adjective
俗 • (zoku) -na (adnominal 俗な (zoku na), adverbial 俗に (zoku ni))
- worldly
- vulgar
- common, lay
- 俗に言う
- zoku ni iu
- what is commonly referred to as
- 俗に言えば
- zoku ni ieba
- to use a common phrase
- 俗に言う
Inflection
Inflection of 俗
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 俗だろ | ぞくだろ | zoku daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 俗で | ぞくで | zoku de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 俗だ | ぞくだ | zoku da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 俗な | ぞくな | zoku na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 俗なら | ぞくなら | zoku nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 俗であれ | ぞくであれ | zoku de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 俗ではない 俗じゃない | ぞくではない ぞくじゃない | zoku de wa nai zoku ja nai |
| Informal past | 俗だった | ぞくだった | zoku datta |
| Informal negative past | 俗ではなかった 俗じゃなかった | ぞくではなかった ぞくじゃなかった | zoku de wa nakatta zoku ja nakatta |
| Formal | 俗です | ぞくです | zoku desu |
| Formal negative | 俗ではありません 俗じゃありません | ぞくではありません ぞくじゃありません | zoku de wa arimasen zoku ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 俗でした | ぞくでした | zoku deshita |
| Formal negative past | 俗ではありませんでした 俗じゃありませんでした | ぞくではありませんでした ぞくじゃありませんでした | zoku de wa arimasen deshita zoku ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 俗で | ぞくで | zoku de |
| Conditional | 俗なら（ば） | ぞくなら（ば） | zoku nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 俗だったら | ぞくだったら | zoku dattara |
| Volitional | 俗だろう | ぞくだろう | zoku darō |
| Adverbial | 俗に | ぞくに | zoku ni |
| Degree | 俗さ | ぞくさ | zokusa |
Noun
俗 • (zoku)
- worldliness
- vulgarity
- the laity, mundane things, common man
- customs
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 俗っぽい
- 俗受け
- 俗向き
- 俗離れ
Korean
Hanja
俗 (eumhun 풍속 속 (pungsok sok))
- Hanja form? of 속 (“vulgar; unrefined; common; popular; vernacular”).
Compounds
- 민속 (民俗, minsok, “folklore; folkway; folk custom”)
- 속담 (俗談, sokdam, “proverb, adage”)
- 속자 (俗字, sokja, “a hanja variant that is widespread but not orthodox”)
- 풍속 (風俗, pungsok, “custom”)
Vietnamese
Han character
俗: Hán Nôm readings: tục
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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