侏儒
Chinese
FWOTD – 31 March 2015
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (侏儒) | 侏 | 儒 | |
| simp. #(侏儒) | 侏 | 儒 | |
| alternative forms | 朱儒 obsolete 𫾭需 obsolete 侏𠍶 ancient | ||
Etymology
Possibly cognate with 蜘蛛 (OC *te to, “spider”), per the dialectal dictionary Fangyan (1st century CE):
- 鼅鼄，鼄蝥也。自關而西，秦晉之間謂之鼄蝥。自關而東，趙魏之郊謂之鼅鼄，或謂之蠾蝓，蠾蝓者侏儒語之轉也。北燕朝鮮洌水之間，謂之蝳蜍。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Yang Xiong, Fangyan, c. 1st century BCE
- Zhīzhū, zhūmáo yě. Zì Guān ér xī, Qín Jìn zhījiān wèi zhī zhūmáo. Zì Guān ér dōng, Zhào Wèi zhī jiāo wèi zhī zhīzhū, huò wèi zhī zhúyú, zhúyú zhě zhūrú yǔ zhī zhuǎn yě. Běiyàn Cháoxiān Lièshuǐ zhījiān, wèi zhī dúchú. [Pinyin]
- “Te to”, spider; also called “to mo”. To the west of Hangu Pass, in the Qin and Jin regions, it is called “to mo”. To the east of the Pass, in the Zhao and Wei regions, it is called “te to”, or “to lo”. The latter is an alternation of the word “to no” (“dwarf”). In the Northern Yan, Korea, and Lie River regions, it is called “to la”.
鼅鼄，鼄蝥也。自关而西，秦晋之间谓之鼄蝥。自关而东，赵魏之郊谓之鼅鼄，或谓之𧑏蝓，𧑏蝓者侏儒语之转也。北燕朝鲜洌水之间，谓之蝳蜍。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Compare the derivation of English midget from midge.
Pronunciation
Noun
侏儒
- dwarf; pygmy; midget
- 瘖、聾、跛、躃、斷者、侏儒、百工，各以其器食之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
- Yīn, lóng, bǒ, bì, duàn zhě, zhūrú, bǎi gōng, gè yǐ qí qì shí zhī. [Pinyin]
- The dumb, the deaf, the lame, such as had lost a member, pygmies, and mechanics, were all fed according to what work they were able to do.
瘖、聋、跛、躃、断者、侏儒、百工，各以其器食之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary) minor; child
- (literary, historical) dwarf who acts as an entertainer or musician for the officials
- (literary, figurative) one who caters to the officials and is in their favour
- (literary, obsolete) (alt. form 株檽) short column on the beam
- (literary, obsolete) spider
Synonyms
- (dwarf): (Hakka) 老蛤蟆
- (spider):
Dialectal synonyms of 蜘蛛 (“spider”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 蜘蛛, 鼄蝥 QJ, 蠾蝓 ZW, 蝳蜍 NY, 社公 Q | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 蜘蛛 | |
| Taxonomic name | 蜘蛛 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 蛛蛛, 蜘蛛 |
| Taiwan | 蜘蛛 | |
| Ulanhot | 蛛蛛 | |
| Tongliao | 蛛蛛 | |
| Chifeng | 蛛蛛 | |
| Bayanhot | 蛛蛛 | |
| Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 蛛蛛 | |
| Harbin | 蜘蛛兒, 蛛蛛兒, 癩癩蛛 | |
| Shenyang | 癩癩蛛 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 老老蛛, 癩癩蛛 | |
| Jinan | 阿郎蛛子, 阿郎蛛, 蜘蛛 | |
| Luoyang | 蛛蛛 | |
| Wanrong | 蛛蛛 | |
| Zhengzhou | 蛛蛛 | |
| Xi'an | 蛛蛛 | |
| Yinchuan | 蟢里蛛蛛 | |
| Lanzhou | 蛛蛛 | |
| Xining | 蛛蛛 | |
| Ürümqi | 蛛蛛 | |
| Wuhan | 蜘蛛 | |
| Chengdu | 蜘蛛, 蜇蛛 | |
| Guiyang | 蝃蛛 | |
| Kunming | 蜘蛛 | |
| Guilin | 蜘蛛 | |
| Guanyang | 波絲 | |
| Liuzhou | 蜘蛛 | |
| Xuzhou | 羅蛛子, 羅羅蛛子 | |
| Yangzhou | 蜘蛛 | |
| Nanjing | 蜘蛛 | |
| Hefei | 蜘蛛 | |
| Nantong | 蟢蟢, 蟢蟢兒 | |
| Changle (Qinjiang) | 賴蜘蜘 | |
| Malaysia | 蜘蛛 | |
| Singapore | 蜘蛛 | |
| Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 蛛蛛 | |
| Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 蛛蛛 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 蜘蛛, 蠄蟧 |
| Hong Kong | 蠄蟧, 蜘蛛 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Macau | 蠄蟧 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 蜘蛛, 蠄蟧 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Foshan | 蜘蛛, 蠄蟧 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 蜘蛛, 蠄蟧 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 蠄蟧, 蜘蛛 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Taishan | 蠄蟧 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Dongguan | 蠄蟧 | |
| Shaoguan | 蠄蟧 | |
| Yunfu | 蠄蟧 | |
| Yangjiang | 蠄蟧 | |
| Xinyi | 蠄蟧 | |
| Lianjiang | 蠄蟧 | |
| Nanning | 蜘蛛, 蠄蟧 | |
| Wuzhou | 蜘蛛, 蠄蟧 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 蜘蛛 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 蝃蛛, 蝃蛛子 |
| Lichuan | 庖繅 | |
| Pingxiang | 織蛛 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 蝲䗁 |
| Xingning | 蝲䗁 | |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Huidong (Daling) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 拿䗁 | |
| Wuhua (Huacheng) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Heyuan (Bendihua) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Wengyuan | 蝲䗁 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Liannan | 蝲䗁 | |
| Conghua (Lütian) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Jiexi | 蝲䗁 | |
| Luhe | 蝲䗁 | |
| Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Changting | 蝲䗁 | |
| Wuping | 蝲䗁 | |
| Wuping (Yanqian) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Wuping (Pingyu) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Liancheng | 奇肖 | |
| Ninghua | 奇肖子 | |
| Yudu | 斜佬 | |
| Ruijin | 斜佬 | |
| Shicheng | 奇肖 | |
| Shangyou (Shexi) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Tonggu (Sandu) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Ganzhou (Panlong) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Dayu | 蝲䗁 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 蝲䗁, 蜘蛛 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 蝲䗁, 蜘蛛 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 蝲䗁, 蜘蛛 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 蜘蛛, 蝲䗁 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 蝲䗁, 蜘蛛 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 蜘蛛, 蝲䗁 | |
| Hong Kong | 蝲䗁 | |
| Yangxi (Tangkou) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Yangchun (Sanjia) | 蜘蛛 | |
| Xinyi (Sihe) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Xinyi (Qianpai) | 蠄蟧 | |
| Gaozhou (Xindong) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Huazhou (Xin'an) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Lianjiang (Qingping) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Mengshan (Xihe) | 甘羅 | |
| Luchuan (Daqiao) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Sabah (Longchuan) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 蝲䗁 | |
| Singkawang | 蜘蛛, 蝲䗁 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 蛛蛛 |
| Shexian | 蛛蛛 | |
| Tunxi | 蛛蛛, 蜘蛛 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 蛛蛛 |
| Pingyao | 蛛蛛 | |
| Xinzhou | 羅螞蛛蛛, 蟢蛛蛛 | |
| Taibus (Baochang) | 狼螞蛛蛛 | |
| Linhe | 羅螞蛛蛛 | |
| Jining | 蜘蛛 | |
| Hohhot | 羅螞蛛蛛 | |
| Baotou | 蜘蛛 | |
| Dongsheng | 蜘蛛 | |
| Haibowan | 蜘蛛 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 吊蛛 |
| Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 天蛛 | |
| Wuyishan | 蜘蛛仔 | |
| Pucheng (Shibei) | 糴蛛仔 | |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 蜘蛛 |
| Changle | 馬兜爺 | |
| Fuqing | 蜘蛛 | |
| Gutian | 蟢囝 | |
| Ningde | 蟢囝 | |
| Fuding | 飛絲 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 蜘蛛 |
| Quanzhou | 蜘蛛 | |
| Zhangzhou | 蜘蛛 | |
| Taipei | 蜘蛛 | |
| Kaohsiung | 蜘蛛 | |
| Yilan | 蜘蛛 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 蜘蛛 | |
| Taichung | 蜘蛛 | |
| Taichung (Wuqi) | 蜘蛛 | |
| Tainan | 蜘蛛 | |
| Taitung | 蜘蛛 | |
| Hsinchu | 蜘蛛 | |
| Kinmen | 蜘蛛 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 經蛛, 蜘蛛 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 蜘蛛 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 蜘蛛 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 蜘蛛 | |
| Longyan | 蝲䗁 | |
| Chaozhou | 蜘蛛 | |
| Shantou | 蜘蛛 | |
| Jieyang | 蜘蛛 | |
| Haifeng | 蜘蛛 | |
| Bangkok (Teochew) | 蜘蛛 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 蜘蛛 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 胡蠅虎 | |
| Pontianak (Teochew) | 蜘蛛 | |
| Leizhou | 𧑃蚜 | |
| Wenchang | 紅蜈 | |
| Haikou | 龍牙古 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 八臘爺 |
| Xianyou | 八臘爺 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 蠄蟧 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 爪揸, 蛛蛛 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 飛絲 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 蛛蛛子 |
| Yuanling (Shaojiwan) | 蛛蛛, 蛛蛛子 | |
| Luxi (Baisha) | 蛛 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 蜘蛛, 結蛛 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 結蛛 | |
| Suzhou | 結蛛, 蜘蛛 | |
| Wuxi | 蜘蛛 | |
| Danyang | 蜘蛛 | |
| Hangzhou | 結蛛, 蜘蛛 | |
| Ningbo | 蛛蛛, 結蛛 | |
| Wenzhou | 絲網蜘蛛 | |
| Jinhua | 蟢, 八腳蟢, 蜘蛛 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 蜘蛛子, 蜘蛛 |
| Loudi | 蜘蛛子, 蜘蛛 | |
| Quanzhou | 剝絲 | |
| Note | QJ - between ancient Qin and Jin ZW - in the vicinity of ancient Zhao and Wei NY - between Northern Yan, Korea and Lieshui Q - ancient Qi | |
Derived terms
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|
Descendants
Sino-Xenic (侏儒):
- → Japanese: 侏儒 (shuju)
- → Korean: 주유(侏儒) (juyu)
- → Vietnamese: chu nhu (侏儒)
Adjective
侏儒
- (literary) dwarfish; short in stature
- (literary) short in stature (due to young age); little
Verb
侏儒
- (literary, figurative) to be discontented with unfair treatment
Proper noun
侏儒
- (～街道) Zhuru (a subdistrict of Caidian district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 侏 | 儒 |
| しゅ Hyōgaiji | じゅ Grade: S |
| on’yomi | |
Noun
侏儒 • (shuju)
- dwarf
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 侏 | 儒 |
Noun
侏儒 • (juyu) (hangeul 주유)
- Hanja form? of 주유 (“dwarf”).