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单词 体
释义

体

See also: 體, 休, and 𠇾
体 U+4F53, 体
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F53
← 佒
[U+4F52]		CJK Unified Ideographs佔 →
[U+4F54]

Translingual

Stroke order
Japanese体
Simplified体
Traditional體/体

Alternative forms

In the historical Chinese dictionary Longkan Shoujian (龍龕手鑑), this character is written in the form of ⿰亻夲.

Han character

体 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人木一 (ODM), four-corner 25230, composition ⿰亻本)

Derived characters

  • 𭈄, 𭰟, 𬌕, 𫌠/𧡊, 𥮋
  • 體 (Orthodox traditional form of 体)

References

  • KangXi: page 98, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 509
  • Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 130, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+4F53

Chinese

Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 亻 (“person”) + 本 (“basis”).

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 体 – see 體 (“body; part of the body; etc.”).
(This character, 体, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 體.)
Notes:
  • Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore.
  • Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
体

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (本) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
本*pɯːnʔ
笨*pɯːnʔ, *bɯːnʔ
苯*pɯːnʔ
翉*pʰɯːnʔ
体*bɯːnʔ
鉢*poːd
缽*poːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bɯːnʔ) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 本 (OC *pɯːnʔ).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bèn (ben4)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄣˋ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): ban6
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: bèn
      • Zhuyin: ㄅㄣˋ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: bèn
      • Wade–Giles: pên4
      • Yale: bèn
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: benn
      • Palladius: бэнь (bɛnʹ)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pən⁵¹/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: ban6
      • Yale: bahn
      • Cantonese Pinyin: ban6
      • Guangdong Romanization: ben6
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pɐn²²/
  • Middle Chinese: /buənX/
Rime
Character体
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)並 (3)
Final (韻)魂 (55)
Tone (調)Rising (X)
Openness (開合)Closed
Division (等)I
Fanqie蒲本切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/buənX/
Pan
Wuyun		/buonX/
Shao
Rongfen		/buənX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/bwənX/
Li
Rong		/buənX/
Wang
Li		/buənX/
Bernard
Karlgren		/bʱuənX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		bèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		bun6
  • Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*bɯːnʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character体
Reading #1/1
No.477
Phonetic
component		本
Rime
group		文
Rime
subdivision		1
Corresponding
MC rime		獖
Old
Chinese		/*bɯːnʔ/
Notes晉書作笨

Definitions

体

  1. Alternative form of 笨 (bèn, “coarse appearance; inferior”).
  2. Used in 体夫 (“pallbearer”).

Compounds

  • 体夫

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.
体

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cuì (cui4)
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄟˋ
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: cuì
      • Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄟˋ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: cuèi
      • Wade–Giles: tsʻui4
      • Yale: tswèi
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuey
      • Palladius: цуй (cuj)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰweɪ̯⁵¹/

Definitions

体

  1. ‡ name of prison

Japanese

Shinjitai

体

Kyūjitai

體

Kanji

体

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 體)

  1. body

Readings

  • Go-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: てい (tei, Jōyō)
  • Kun: からだ (karada, 体, Jōyō)
  • Nanori: なり (nari)

Usage notes

This character was originally an alternative form of 笨 as used in Chinese. This usage now appears to be obsolete, at least in Japanese, where 体 and 笨 are distinct characters and are not interchangeable. See the Chinese 体 and Japanese 笨 entries for further details.

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
体
たい
Grade: 2
goon
Alternative spelling
體 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 體 (thejX, “body”).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) た​い [táꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
  • IPA(key): [ta̠i]

Counter

体(たい) • (-tai) 

  1. counter for humanoid objects
    • 2017 March 25, “リンク・スパイダー [Link Spider]”, in STARTER(スターター) DECK(デッキ), Konami:
      通(つう)常(じょう)モンスター１(いっ)体(たい)
      ①(いち)：１(いっ)ターンに１(いち)度(ど)、自(じ)分(ぶん)メインフェイズに発(はつ)動(どう)できる。手(て)札(ふだ)からレベル４以下(よんいか)の通(つう)常(じょう)モンスター１(いっ)体(たい)をこのカードのリンク先(さき)に特(とく)殊(しゅ)召(しょう)喚(かん)する。
      Tsūjō Monsutā ittai
      Ichi: Ittān ni ichi-do, jibun Mein Feizu ni hatsudō dekiru. tefuda kara Reberu yon ika no Tsūjō Monsutā ittai o kono kādo no rinku-saki ni Tokushu Shōkan suru.
      1 or more Normal Monsters
      1: Once per turn, can be activated during your Main Phase. Special Summons 1 Normal Monster of Level 4 or lower from your hand to where this card is linked to.

Noun

体(たい) • (tai) 

  1. In general: the body, e.g. of a human or animal
    In particular: the torso excluding the limbs; trunk, abdomen
  2. substance; matter
  3. form; shape
  4. (algebra) field (commutative ring with invertible nonzero elements)
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • ガラス体(たい) (garasutai, “vitreous body”)
  • 字(じ)体(たい) (jitai)
  • 硝(しょう)子(し)体(たい) (shōshitai, “vitreous body”)
  • 身(しん)体(たい) (shintai)
  • 肉(にく)体(たい) (nikutai)
  • 体(たい)位(い) (taii)
  • 体(たい)育(いく) (taiiku)
  • 体(たい)液(えき) (taieki)
  • 体(たい)温(おん) (taion)
  • 体(たい)外(がい) (taigai)
  • 体(たい)格(かく) (taikaku)
  • 体(たい)感(かん) (taikan)
  • 体(たい)技(ぎ) (taigi)
  • 体(たい)協(きょう) (taikyō)
  • 体(たい)躯(く) (taiku)
  • 体(たい)腔(くう) (taikū)
  • 体(たい)刑(けい) (taikei)
  • 体(たい)型(けい) (taikei)
  • 体(たい)形(けい) (taikei)
  • 体(たい)系(けい) (taikei)
  • 体(たい)験(けん) (taiken)
  • 体(たい)現(げん) (taigen)
  • 体(たい)言(げん) (taigen)
  • 体(たい)質(しつ) (taishitsu)
  • 体(たい)重(じゅう) (taijū)
  • 体(たい)臭(しゅつ) (taishutsu)
  • 体(たい)術(じゅつ) (taijutsu, “taijutsu”)
  • 体(たい)制(せい) (taisei)
  • 体(たい)勢(せい) (taisei)
  • 体(たい)積(せき) (taiseki)
  • 体(たい)操(そう) (taisō)
  • 体(たい)中(ちゅう) (taichū)
  • 体(たい)調(ちょう) (taichō)
  • 体(たい)長(ちょう) (taichō)
  • 体(たい)得(とく) (taitoku)
  • 体(たい)内(ない) (tainai)
  • 体(たい)認(にん) (tainin)
  • 体(たい)熱(ねつ) (tainetsu)
  • 体(たい)罰(ばつ) (taibatsu)
  • 体(たい)貌(ぼつ) (taibotsu)
  • 体(たい)面(めん) (taimen)
  • 体(たい)毛(もう) (taimō)
  • 体(たい)様(よう) (taiyō)
  • 体(たい)要(よう) (taiyō)
  • 体(たい)量(りょう) (tairyō)
  • 体(たい)力(りょく) (tairyoku)
  • 扁(へん)桃(とう)体(たい) (hentōtai, “amygdala”)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
体
てい
Grade: 2
kan’on
Alternative spelling
體 (kyūjitai)

Alternative forms

  • 態

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) て​ー [téꜜè] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
  • IPA(key): [te̞ː]

Noun

体(てい) • (tei) 

  1. outward appearance; look; aspect
    そういうていで
    sō iu tei de
    (please add an English translation of this example)
Derived terms
  • 体(てい)裁(さい) (teisai)
  • 体(てい)良(よ)く (teiyoku)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
体
からだ
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
體 (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 体 – see the following entry.
【からだ】
[noun] [from 950] body
[noun] [from 1884] the state of one's body:
[noun] physique, constitution, frame
[noun] health
Alternative spellings
体, 身体, 躯, 躰
(This term, 体, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 體 (MC tʰeiX).

Hanja

体 (eumhun 몸 체 (mom che))

  1. Alternative form of 體 (體, “Hanja form? of 체 (“body”).”)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 体 (MC buənX).

Hanja

体 (eumhun 용렬할 분 (yongnyeolhal bun))

  1. Alternative form of 笨 (笨, “Hanja form? of 분 (“mediocre; rough”).”)

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

体: Hán Nôm readings: thể

  1. body

Han character

体: Hán Nôm readings: thấy

  1. Alternative form of 𫌠/𧡊 (to see)
References
  • Nom Foundation
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