伴

See also: 件

伴	U+4F34, 伴 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F34

← 伳
[U+4F33]

CJK Unified Ideographs

伵 →
[U+4F35]

Translingual

Han character

伴 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人火手 (OFQ), four-corner 2925₀, composition ⿰亻半)

References

KangXi: page 96, character 23
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 475
Dae Jaweon: page 205, character 9
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 139, character 1
Unihan data for U+4F34

Chinese

simp. and trad.		伴

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 伴

**Small seal script**
s05717

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L34680	L33538	L15886	L15887

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (半) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
半	*paːns
絆	*paːns
靽	*paːns
姅	paːns, pʰaːns
拌	pʰaːn, baːnʔ
拚	pʰaːn, brons, pʰaːn, puns
坢	*pʰaːnʔ
判	*pʰaːns
泮	*pʰaːns
頖	*pʰaːns
胖	*pʰaːns
冸	*pʰaːns
牉	*pʰaːns
柈	*baːn
伴	baːnʔ, baːns
叛	*baːns
畔	*baːns
袢	*ban

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *baːnʔ, *baːns) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 半 (OC *paːns).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bàn (ban⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄅㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bun⁶, pun⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phân
Jin (Wiktionary): ban³
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): phōaⁿ / phǒaⁿ / pōaⁿ / poān / phoǎn / phoān
(Teochew, Peng'im): puan⁶
Xiang (Wiktionary): bonn⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bàn
  - Wade–Giles: pan⁴
  - Yale: bàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bann
  - Palladius: бань (banʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: bun⁶, pun⁵
  - Yale: buhn, púhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bun⁶, pun⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: bun⁶, pun⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /puːn²²/, /pʰuːn¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phân
  - Hakka Romanization System: pan´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pan¹
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰan²⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ban³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /pæ̃⁴⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phōaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: phuānn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phvoa
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰuã³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pʰuã²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phǒaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: phuǎnn
  - IPA (Jinjiang): /pʰuã³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰuã²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pōaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: puānn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pvoa
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /puã²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poān
  - Tâi-lô: puān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poan
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /puan²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phoǎn
  - Tâi-lô: phuǎn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰuan²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phoān
  - Tâi-lô: phuān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phoan
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰuan³³/

Note:

phōaⁿ/phǒaⁿ/pōaⁿ - vernacular;
poān/phoǎn/phoān - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: puan⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phuăⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰũã³⁵/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: bonn⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /põ²¹/

Middle Chinese: /buɑn^X/

Rime
Character	伴
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蒲旱切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buɑn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷɑn^X/
Shao Rongfen	/buɑn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bwan^X/
Li Rong	/buɑn^X/
Wang Li	/buɑn^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuɑn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bun⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[C.b]ˤanʔ/
(Zhengzhang): /*baːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	伴
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bàn
Middle Chinese	‹ ban^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[C.b]ˁanʔ/
English	comrade
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	伴
Reading #	1/2
No.	258
Phonetic component	半
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	伴
Old Chinese	/*baːnʔ/

Definitions

伴

companion
to accompany
a surname

Compounds

伴同 (bàntóng)
伴哥
伴唱 (bànchàng)
伴唱影碟
伴大夜
伴奏 (bànzòu)
伴姑
伴娘 (bànniáng)
伴宿 (bànsù)
伴手 (bànshǒu)
伴星 (bànxīng)
伴材
伴等
伴舞 (bànwǔ)
伴送
伴郎 (bànláng)
伴食
伴食宰相

作伴 (zuòbàn)
做伴 (zuòbàn)
偷偷伴伴
同伴 (tóngbàn)
呼朋引伴
女伴 (nǚbàn)
搭伴 (dābàn)
旅伴 (lǚbàn)
木伴哥
火伴 (huǒbàn)
玩伴 (wánbàn)
男伴 (nánbàn)
相伴
老伴 (láobàn)
舞伴 (wǔbàn)
良伴 (liángbàn)
陪伴 (péibàn)
伙伴 (huǒbàn)

伴侶／伴侣 (bànlǚ)
伴侶動物／伴侣动物 (bànlǚ dòngwù)
伴唱帶／伴唱带
伴唱機／伴唱机
伴夥／伴伙
伴姑兒／伴姑儿
伴當／伴当
伴讀／伴读 (bàndú)
伴隨／伴随 (bànsuí)
伴食中書／伴食中书
夥伴／伙伴
學伴／学伴
廝伴／厮伴
窩伴／窝伴
終身伴侶／终身伴侣
結伴／结伴 (jiébàn)
遊伴／游伴
館伴／馆伴

Descendants

→ Thai: เพื่อน (pʉ̂ʉan, “companion, friend”)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): pàn (pan⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄆㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pun³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: pàn
  - Wade–Giles: pʻan⁴
  - Yale: pàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pann
  - Palladius: пань (panʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: pun³
  - Yale: pun
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pun³
  - Guangdong Romanization: pun³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuːn³³/

Middle Chinese: /buɑn^H/

Rime
Character	伴
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	薄半切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buɑn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷɑn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/buɑn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bwan^H/
Li Rong	/buɑn^H/
Wang Li	/buɑn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuɑn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bun⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*baːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	伴
Reading #	2/2
No.	262
Phonetic component	半
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	叛
Old Chinese	/*baːns/

Definitions

伴

^† Used in 伴奐／伴奂 (pànhuàn, “relaxed; free; unrestrained”).
^† Alternative form of 叛 (pàn, “to rebel”).
- 氾潏潏其前後兮，伴張弛之信期 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  氾潏潏其前后兮，伴张弛之信期 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE
  fán yùyù qí qiánhòu xī, pàn zhāngchí zhī xìnqī [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this example)

References

“伴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	伴
Kyūjitai [1][2]	伴󠄁 伴+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	伴󠄃 伴+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

伴

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

consort

Readings

From Middle Chinese 伴 (MC buɑn^X); compare Mandarin 伴 (bàn):

Go-on: ばん (ban, Jōyō)
Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)

From Middle Chinese 伴 (MC buɑn^H); compare Mandarin 伴 (pàn):

Go-on: ばん (ban, Jōyō)
Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)

From native Japanese roots:

Kun: ともなう (tomonau, 伴う, Jōyō)^{←ともなふ (tomonafu, historical)}; とも (tomo, 伴)
Nanori: すけ (suke); とも (tomo)

Proper noun

伴(ばん) • (Ban)

a surname

References

“伴”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 132 (paper), page 116 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 伴 (MC buɑn^X). Recorded as Middle Korean 반〯 (pǎn) (Yale: pan) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource伴 (eumhun 짝 반 (jjak ban))

Hanja form^? of 반 (“companion”).

Compounds

수반 (隨伴, suban, “accompaniment”)
동반 (同伴, dongban, “accompaniment”)
반려 (伴侶, ballyeo, “partner; companion”)
반주 (伴奏, banju, “(music) accompaniment”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

伴: Hán Việt readings: bạn[1][2]
伴: Nôm readings: bạn[1][2]

chữ Hán form of bạn (“friend”).

References

Nguyễn (2014).
Trần (2004).

[1] “伴”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023

[2] 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 132 (paper), page 116 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

[tdcndg-3] Nguyễn (2014).

[gdhn-4] Trần (2004).