伍

See also: 五

伍	U+4F0D, 伍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F0D

← 伌
[U+4F0C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

伎 →
[U+4F0E]

Translingual

Han character

伍 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人一木一 (OMDM), four-corner 2121₇, composition ⿰亻五)

References

KangXi: page 95, character 20
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 435
Dae Jaweon: page 202, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 118, character 1
Unihan data for U+4F0D

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 伍

**Small seal script**
s05781

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L34452	L14830	L14831

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (五) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
吾	ŋraː, ŋaː
衙	ŋraː, ŋa, *ŋaʔ
鼯	*ŋaː
浯	*ŋaː
珸	*ŋaː
郚	*ŋaː
齬	ŋaː, ŋa, *ŋaʔ
鯃	*ŋaː
娪	*ŋaː
梧	*ŋaː
峿	*ŋaː
五	*ŋaːʔ
伍	*ŋaːʔ
寤	*ŋaːs
啎	*ŋaːs
晤	*ŋaːs
悟	*ŋaːs
逜	*ŋaːs
窹	*ŋaːs
捂	*ŋaːs
鋙	ŋa, ŋaʔ
語	ŋaʔ, ŋas
圄	*ŋaʔ
敔	*ŋaʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋaːʔ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 五 (OC *ŋaːʔ). Also ideogrammic compound (會意) .

Etymology 1

trad.		伍
simp. ^#		伍

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wǔ (wu³)
(Zhuyin): ㄨˇ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): ng⁵
(Taishan, Wiktionary): m², m⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ńg
(Meixian, Guangdong): n³
Min Dong (BUC): ngū
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): gó͘ / ngó͘ / gǒ͘ / gō͘
(Teochew, Peng'im): ngou² / ngou⁶
Wu (Wiktionary): u (T2); hhu (T3); ngg (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wǔ
  - Wade–Giles: wu³
  - Yale: wǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuu
  - Palladius: у (u)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ng⁵
  - Yale: ńgh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ng⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: ng⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ̍¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: m², m⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /m̩⁵⁵/, /m̩²¹/

Note:

m2 - "five", surname;
m4 - troops.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ńg
  - Hakka Romanization System: ng`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ng³
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋ̍³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: n³
  - Sinological IPA: /n̩³¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ngū
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋu³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gó͘
  - Tâi-lô: góo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gor
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngó͘
  - Tâi-lô: ngóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngor
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ŋɔ̃⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋɔ̃⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gǒ͘
  - Tâi-lô: gǒo
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gō͘
  - Tâi-lô: gōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: go
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡɔ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɡɔ²²/

Note:

ngó͘/gó͘ - literary;
gō͘/gǒ͘ - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ngou² / ngou⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngóu / ngŏu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋou⁵²/, /ŋou³⁵/

Note: ngou6 - “five”.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: u (T2); hhu (T3); ngg (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /v̩ʷ³⁴/, /ɦv̩ʷ²³/, /ŋ̍²³/

Note:

3hhu - literary;
3ngg - vernacular;
2u - only in 隊伍 “company”..

Middle Chinese: /ŋuo^X/

Rime
Character	伍
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	疑古切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋuo^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋuo^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋo^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɔ^X/
Li Rong	/ŋo^X/
Wang Li	/ŋu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋuo^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ng⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.ŋˤaʔ/
(Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	伍
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ ngu^X ›
Old Chinese	/*C.ŋˁaʔ/
English	group of five
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	伍
Reading #	1/1
No.	13148
Phonetic component	五
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	五
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːʔ/

Definitions

伍

troop of five soldiers
(figuratively) military
ally; company
(financial) Alternative form of 五 (“five”)
a surname: Wu, Woo, Ng, or Eng
伍連德／伍连德 ― Wǔ Liándé ― Wu Lien-teh (Malayan Chinese physician and epidemiologist)
伍家崗區／伍家岗区 ― Wǔjiāgǎng Qū ― Wujiagang District

Compounds

伍伯
伍子胥
伍家 (Wǔjiā)
伍山 (Wǔshān)
伍洛 (Wǔluò)
入伍 (rùwǔ)
卒伍
士伍
本伍
火伍
燕雀伍
簿伍
老行伍
落伍 (luòwǔ)

行伍 (hángwǔ)
行伍出身
超伍
退伍 (tuìwǔ)
部伍
配伍 (pèiwǔ)
伍員乘潮／伍员乘潮
伍員抉目／伍员抉目
伍員鞭屍／伍员鞭尸
伍家崗／伍家岗 (Wǔjiāgǎng)
伍相廟／伍相庙 (Wǔxiàngmiào)
伍茲／伍兹 (Wǔzī)
伍長／伍长
參伍／参伍

噲伍／哙伍
恥與為伍／耻与为伍 (chǐyǔwéiwǔ)
歸伍／归伍
為伍／为伍 (wéiwǔ)
砥兵礪伍／砥兵砺伍
羞與噲伍／羞与哙伍
羞與為伍／羞与为伍 (xiūyǔwéiwǔ)
與噲為伍／与哙为伍
鄰伍／邻伍
閭伍／闾伍
隊伍／队伍 (duìwǔ)
隊伍行列／队伍行列
黨伍／党伍

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (伍):

→ Japanese: 伍(ご) (go)
→ Korean: 오(伍) (o)

Others:

(Hokkien dialect) Tagalog: Go
(Mandarin) Tagalog: Wu

Etymology 2

trad.		伍
simp. ^#		伍

From 亻 (denoting one octave higher in Kunqu) + 五 (wǔ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wǔ (wu³)
(Zhuyin): ㄨˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wǔ
  - Wade–Giles: wu³
  - Yale: wǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuu
  - Palladius: у (u)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u²¹⁴/

Definitions

伍

(music) Kunqu gongche notation for the note high la (6̇).
Synonym: 鿉 (wǔ) (Cantonese opera)

Japanese

Kanji

伍

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

five (used in legal/financial documents)

Readings

Go-on: ご (go)
Kan-on: ご (go)
Kun: いつつ (itsutsu, 伍つ)
Nanori: くみ (kumi); あつむ (atsumu)

Compounds

伍長
落伍

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 伍 (MC ŋuo^X). Recorded as Middle Korean 오〯 (wǒ) (Yale: wo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource伍 (eumhun 다섯사람 오 (daseotsaram o))

Hanja form^? of 오 (“five”).

Compounds

낙오 (落伍, nago)
대오 (隊伍, dae'o)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

伍: Hán Nôm readings: ngũ

five