些

些

些 U+4E9B, 些 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E9B ← 亚 [U+4E9A] CJK Unified Ideographs 亜 → [U+4E9C]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

些 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜心一一 (YPMM), four-corner 2110₁, composition ⿱此二)

Derived characters

• 𢧲 㾚

References

• KangXi: page 87, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 268
• Dae Jaweon: page 183, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1441, character 8
• Unihan data for U+4E9B

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Chinese

trad.		些
simp. #		些

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 些
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Small seal script s01200
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (此) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
些	*saːls, *sjaːl, *seːs
跐	*ʔsreːʔ, *ʔseʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ʔsreʔ
柴	*zreː
祡	*zreː
茈	*zreː, *ʔseʔ, *ze
眦	*zreːs
砦	*zraːds
寨	*zraːds, *slɯːɡ
啙	*ʔseː, *zeːʔ, *ʔseʔ
泚	*sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ
玼	*sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ze
皉	*sʰeːʔ
鮆	*zeːʔ, *ʔse
眥	*zeːs, *zes
貲	*ʔse
髭	*ʔse
頾	*ʔse
訾	*ʔse, *ʔseʔ
鴜	*ʔse, *ze
鈭	*ʔse, *sʰe
姕	*ʔse, *sʰe, *ze
觜	*ʔse, *ʔse, *ʔseʔ
紫	*ʔseʔ
訿	*ʔseʔ
呰	*ʔseʔ
嘴	*ʔseʔ
雌	*sʰe
此	*sʰeʔ
佌	*sʰeʔ, *seʔ
庛	*sʰes
疵	*ze
骴	*ze, *zes
胔	*ze, *zes
飺	*ze
齜	*ʔsre

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): xiē, xiě (xie¹, xie³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝ, ㄒㄧㄝˇ

  (Chengdu, SP): xi¹

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): se¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhie¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): xiet⁶
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): xia¹
• Jin (Wiktionary): xie¹
• Min Bei (KCR): siě
• Min Dong (BUC): siĕ
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): sia / se

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sê¹ / sên¹

• Wu (Wiktionary): xi (T1)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): sia¹ / sie¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiē
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sie
    • Wade–Giles: hsieh¹
    • Yale: syē
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shie
    • Palladius: се (se)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjɛ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiě
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siě
    • Wade–Giles: hsieh³
    • Yale: syě
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiee
    • Palladius: се (se)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjɛ²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: xi¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: se¹
    • Yale: sē
    • Cantonese Pinyin: se¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sé¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛː⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lhie¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiɛ³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: xiet⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɛt̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xia¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ɕia⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: xie¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕie¹¹/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: siě
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɛ²¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: siĕ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sie⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sia
    • Tâi-lô: sia
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siaf
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕia⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕia³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: se
    • Tâi-lô: se
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sef
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /se⁴⁴/

Note:

• sia - literary;
• se - vernacular.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sê¹ / sên¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: se / seⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /se³³/, /sẽ³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: xi (T1)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: sia¹ / sie¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /sia̠³³/, /sie̞³³/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕia̠³³/, /ɕie̞³³/

Note:

• xia1 - vernacular;
• xie - literary.

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 些
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕiɛ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕie²¹/
	Jinan	/ɕiə²¹³/
	Qingdao	/siə²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/siɛ⁵³/
	Xi'an	/ɕiɛ²¹/
	Xining	/ɕi⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕie⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ɕiə³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ɕiɤ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/ɕie⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕi⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ɕie⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ɕiɛ³¹/
	Nanjing	/sie²¹²/
	Hefei	/sz̩²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕie¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ɕie̞¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕie³¹/ 一～ /ɕiəʔ⁴³/ 這～
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕi⁵³/
	Suzhou	/si⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɕi³³/
	Wenzhou	/sei³³/
Hui	Shexian	/se³¹/
	Tunxi	/se¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/sie³³/ /sia³³/
	Xiangtan	/siɒ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕiɛʔ⁵/ 訓讀
Hakka	Meixian	/sia⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/siɑ¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/sɛ⁵³/
	Nanning	/ɬɛ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/sɛ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/sia⁵⁵/ /se⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/sie⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/siɛ²¹/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/sẽ³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/nai³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /sia/

Rime
Character	些
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	寫邪切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sia/
Pan Wuyun	/sia/
Shao Rongfen	/sia/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sia/
Li Rong	/sia/
Wang Li	/sĭa/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯a/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiē
Expected Cantonese Reflex	se1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sjaːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	些
Reading #	2/3
No.	1686
Phonetic component	此
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	些
Old Chinese	/*sjaːl/

Definitions

些

1. some; a few; a little; a bit (an indefinite amount)

   吃些肉  ―  chī xiē ròu  ―  to eat some meat

   一些都沒有／一些都没有  ―  yī xiē dōu méiyǒu  ―  not even a bit

2. (used after adjectives and certain verbs) a bit; a bit more

   走快些  ―  zǒu kuài xiē  ―  to walk a little faster

3. rather; somewhat
4. (archaic) A modal particle.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 些 (“some, a few”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		些
Mandarin	Taiwan	些
	Singapore	些
Cantonese	Guangzhou	啲
	Hong Kong	啲
	Taishan	尼
	Singapore (Guangfu)	啲
Hakka	Meixian	兜
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	兜
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	兜
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	兜
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	兜
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	兜
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	兜
Min Nan	Xiamen	寡
	Zhangzhou	寡
	Tainan	寡
	Singapore (Hokkien)	寡
	Manila (Hokkien)	寡
	Shantou	撮
	Jieyang	撮
	Singapore (Teochew)	撮
Wu	Wenzhou	厘兒

Compounds

一些 (yīxiē) 一些些 些些 些娘大 些小 (xiēxiǎo) 些微 (xiēwēi) 哪些 (nǎxiē) 好些 (hǎoxiē) 有些 (yǒuxiē)

某些 (mǒuxiē) 的些 那些 (nàxiē) 些個／些个 (xiēge) 些兒／些儿 些許／些许 (xiēxǔ) 些須／些须 (xiēxū) 半些兒／半些儿

好些時／好些时 拉些兒／拉些儿 爭些／争些 (zhēngxiē) 這些／这些 (zhèxiē) 這些兒／这些儿 這些時／这些时 這麼些／这么些 (zhèmexiē) 險些／险些 (xiǎnxiē)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): suò (suo⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): so³, sai³, so¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: suò
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: suò
    • Wade–Giles: so⁴
    • Yale: swò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suoh
    • Palladius: со (so)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /swɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: so³, sai³, so¹
    • Yale: so, sai, sō
    • Cantonese Pinyin: so³, sai³, so¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: so³, sei³, so¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔː³³/, /sɐi̯³³/, /sɔː⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /sɑ^H/, /sei^H/

Rime
Character	些	些
Reading #	3/3	2/3
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	IV
Fanqie	蘇箇切	蘇計切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɑH/	/seiH/
Pan Wuyun	/sɑH/	/seiH/
Shao Rongfen	/sɑH/	/sɛiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/saH/	/sɛjH/
Li Rong	/sɑH/	/seiH/
Wang Li	/sɑH/	/sieiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/sɑH/	/sieiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	suò	xì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	so3	sai3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*saːls/, /*seːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	些	些
Reading #	1/3	3/3
No.	1685	1701
Phonetic component	此	此
Rime group	歌	支
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	些	細
Old Chinese	/*saːls/	/*seːs/
Notes	見招魂

Definitions

些

1. ^† A modal particle.
2. ^† (figurative) fu (poetry)
3. ^‡ can; be able to
4. ^‡ what
5. ^‡ this

Compounds

楚些

麼些／么些

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to etymology 1?”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): suō (suo¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄛ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: suō
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄛ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: suo
    • Wade–Giles: so¹
    • Yale: swō
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suo
    • Palladius: со (so)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /swɔ⁵⁵/

Definitions

些

1. ^‡ to decrease

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00056
• 諸橋轍次 (Morohashi Tetsuji), chief ed. 大漢和辞典 (Dai Kan-Wa Jiten, “Comprehensive Chinese–Japanese Dictionary”). 13 vols. 1955–1960. Revised and enlarged ed. 1984–1986. Tokyo: Taishukan.

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Japanese

Kanji

些

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. a few, a little; some
2. sometimes

Readings

• Go-on: さ (sa)
• Kan-on: しゃ (sha)
• Kun: いささか (isasaka, 些か)

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Korean

Hanja

些 (eum 사 (sa))

1. little

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Vietnamese

Han character

些: Hán Nôm readings: ta, tá

1. chữ Hán form of ta (“I; me; we; us”).

References

• Nom Foundation