云

See also: 雲

云	U+4E91, 云 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E91

← 亐
[U+4E90]

CJK Unified Ideographs

互 →
[U+4E92]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

云 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一一戈 (MMI), four-corner 1073₁, composition ⿱二厶 or ⿱一𠫔)

Derived characters

呍, 妘, 沄, 抎, 忶, 枟, 眃, 𥐯, 秐, 紜(纭), 耘, 耺, 夽, 侌, 芸, 凨, 囩, 雲, 藝, 䢵, 魂, 䲰(𪉂), 䰟, 兿
転, 伝 (Simplified from 專 in Japanese)
沄, 叆, 叇, 昙 (Simplified from 雲 in traditional Chinese)
会, 尝, 层, 动, 运, 坛, 酝 (Simplified from various components in traditional Chinese)

Related characters

雲 (Traditional form of 云)

References

KangXi: page 86, character 8
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 254
Dae Jaweon: page 178, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 384, character 2
Unihan data for U+4E91

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 云

Shang

Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)

Oracle bone script

Small seal script

**Small seal script**
s08529

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (云) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
魂	*ɢuːn
沄	ɢuːn, ɢun
忶	ɢuːn, ɢuns
囩	*ɢun
夽	*ŋunʔ
雲	*ɢun
芸	*ɢun
耘	*ɢun
妘	*ɢun
紜	*ɢun
云	*ɢun
耺	*ɢun
蕓	*ɢun
澐	*ɢun
橒	*ɢun
抎	*ɢunʔ

Pictogram (象形) : a stylized picture of clouds. The derivative 雲／云 refers to the original word.

Jiajie (假借) - The character was subsequently borrowed for a near-homophone meaning "to say", and the original meaning came to be represented by 雲 (OC *ɢun), through the addition of a semantic component 雨 (“rain”).

The simplified form adopted by the People's Republic of China in the 1950s eliminates this later addition and uses 云 for both "to say" and "cloud".

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 云 – see 雲 (“cloud; cloud; etc.”). (This character, 云, is the simplified and variant form of 雲.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		云

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yún (yun²)
(Zhuyin): ㄩㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wan⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yùn
Min Dong (BUC): ùng
Min Nan (POJ): ûn / în
Wu (Wiktionary): hhyn (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yún
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yún
  - Wade–Giles: yün²
  - Yale: yún
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yun
  - Palladius: юнь (junʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wan⁴
  - Yale: wàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐn²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
  - Hakka Romanization System: iunˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yun²
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯un¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iunˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yun²
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯un¹¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ùng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûn
  - Tâi-lô: ûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: uun
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /un²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Jinjiang, Philippines): /un²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: în
  - Tâi-lô: în
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iin
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /in¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: hhyn (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦʏɲ²³/

Middle Chinese: /ɦɨun/

Rime
Character	云
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	王分切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨun/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiun/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦun/
Li Rong	/ɣiuən/
Wang Li	/ɣĭuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯uən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yún
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə[r]/
(Zhengzhang): /*ɢun/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	云
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yún
Middle Chinese	‹ hjun ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə[r]/
English	say
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	云
Reading #	1/1
No.	16363
Phonetic component	云
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	雲
Old Chinese	/*ɢun/

Definitions

云

(literary) to say; to speak (used when quoting from a source)
A particle.
a surname:
1. originated from 妘 (yún)
2. originated from Zhou dynasty feudal state of 䢵
3. originated from surname 牒云
4. simplified from 雲
(Quanzhou, Xiamen and Philippines Hokkien) to go on a pleasure trip; to roam around
(～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 云 (MC ɦɨun), equivalent to the 3rd 等 (děng) of the initial 喻 (MC jɨo^H)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 說 (“to say, to speak”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		言, 云, 曰, 道
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		說, 道 literary
Mandarin	Beijing	說
	Taiwan	說, 講
	Tianjin	說
	Jinan	說
	Xi'an	說
	Wuhan	說
	Chengdu	說
	Guilin	講
	Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	講
	Hefei	講
	Malaysia	說, 講
	Singapore	說, 講
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	說
	Pematangsiantar	講
Cantonese	Guangzhou	講, 話
	Hong Kong	講, 話
	Macau	講, 話
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	講, 話
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	講
	Taishan	話
	Taishan (Guanghai)	講
	Yunfu	話
	Yangjiang	講, 話
	Beihai	講
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	講
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	講
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	講
	Danzhou	講
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	講, 話
	Penang (Guangfu)	講, 話
	Singapore (Guangfu)	講, 話
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	講
	Móng Cái	講
	Mandalay (Taishan)	講
Gan	Nanchang	話
Hakka	Meixian	講, 話
	Wuhua (Meilin)	講
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	講
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	講
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	講
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	講
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	講
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	講
	Hong Kong	講
	Kuching (Hepo)	講
	Singapore (Dabu)	講
Huizhou	Jixi	講
Jin	Taiyuan	說
Min Bei	Jian'ou	話
Min Dong	Fuzhou	講
	Fuqing	講
	Singapore (Fuqing)	講
Min Nan	Xiamen	講
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	講
	Quanzhou	說
	Jinjiang	說
	Shishi	說, 講
	Zhangzhou	講
	Zhao'an	呾, 講
	Dongshan	講
	Taipei	講
	Kaohsiung	講
	Tainan	講
	Penang (Hokkien)	講
	Singapore (Hokkien)	講
	Manila (Hokkien)	說, 講
	Chaozhou	呾
	Raoping	呾
	Shantou	呾
	Shantou (Chenghai)	呾
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	呾
	Jieyang	呾
	Lufeng	講
	Haifeng	講
	Phnom Penh (Teochew)	呾
	Singapore (Teochew)	呾
	Pontianak (Teochew)	呾
	Leizhou	講
	Wenchang	講
	Haikou	講
	Qionghai	講
	Singapore (Hainanese)	講
Puxian Min	Putian	講
Southern Pinghua	Binyang	講, 說
Wu	Shanghai	講
	Suzhou	講, 說
	Hangzhou	說, 話, 講
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	講, 話
	Ningbo	講, 話
	Wenzhou	講
Xiang	Changsha	講
	Xiangtan	講
	Xiangxiang	講
	Xiangxiang (Meiqiao)	講
	Shuangfeng	曰, 講

(to go on a pleasure trip): 漫遊／漫游 (mànyóu)

Compounds

不知所云 (bùzhīsuǒyún)
云乎
云乎哉
云云 (yúnyún)
云亡
云亭
云亭山人
云何 (yúnhé)
云喻
云已
云是
云板

云然
云者
云耳
云胡
云若
云都赤
人云亦云 (rényúnyìyún)
但云
唱云
漫云
牒云

背云
胡云
胡云海嗙
云為／云为
云爾／云尔 (yún'ěr)
云爾哉／云尔哉
子曰詩云／子曰诗云 (zǐyuēshīyún)
歲聿云暮／岁聿云暮
紛云／纷云
聲云／声云
詩云子曰／诗云子曰

Japanese

Kanji

云

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

say

Readings

Go-on: うん (un)
Kan-on: うん (un)
Kun: いう (iu, 云う)^{←いふ (ifu, historical)}
Nanori: おき (oki); これ (kore); とも (tomo); ひと (hito)

Compounds

云(しか)云(じか) (shikajika)
云(うん)々(ぬん) (unnun)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
云
うん Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 云 (MC ɦɨun).

Pronunciation

On’yomi

IPA^(key): [ɯ̟̃ᵝɴ]

Affix

云(うん) • (un)

say

Derived terms

云(うん)云(ぬん), 云(うん)々(ぬん) (unnun)
云(うん)為(い) (un'i)
云(うん)爾(じ) (unji)

Korean

Hanja

云 (eum 운 (un))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

云: Hán Việt readings: vân (于(vu)分(phân)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4]
云: Nôm readings: vân[1][2][5]

chữ Hán form of vân (“to say; to speak”).

References

Nguyễn (2014).
Nguyễn et al. (2009).
Trần (2004).
Génibrel (1898).
Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

[tdcndg-1] Nguyễn (2014).

[tdcntd-2] Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-3] Trần (2004).

[genibrel-4] Génibrel (1898).

[taberd-5] Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).