乾く
Japanese
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 乾 |
| かわ Grade: S |
Cognate with Japanese 渇く (kawaku, “to be thirsty”).
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) かわく [kàwáꜜkù] (Nakadaka – [2])[1]
- IPA(key): [ka̠ɰᵝa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]
Verb
乾く (intransitive, godan conjugation, hiragana かわく, rōmaji kawaku)
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 乾かす |
| mediopassive | 乾く |
- dry (become dry); dry up
Conjugation
Conjugation of "乾く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 乾か | かわか | kawaka |
| Continuative (連用形) | 乾き | かわき | kawaki |
| Terminal (終止形) | 乾く | かわく | kawaku |
| Attributive (連体形) | 乾く | かわく | kawaku |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 乾け | かわけ | kawake |
| Imperative (命令形) | 乾け | かわけ | kawake |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 乾かれる | かわかれる | kawakareru |
| Causative | 乾かせる 乾かす | かわかせる かわかす | kawakaseru kawakasu |
| Potential | 乾ける | かわける | kawakeru |
| Volitional | 乾こう | かわこう | kawakō |
| Negative | 乾かない | かわかない | kawakanai |
| Negative continuative | 乾かず | かわかず | kawakazu |
| Formal | 乾きます | かわきます | kawakimasu |
| Perfective | 乾いた | かわいた | kawaita |
| Conjunctive | 乾いて | かわいて | kawaite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 乾けば | かわけば | kawakeba |
Classical conjugation of "乾く" (カ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 乾か | かわか | kawaka |
| Continuative (連用形) | 乾き | かわき | kawaki |
| Terminal (終止形) | 乾く | かわく | kawaku |
| Attributive (連体形) | 乾く | かわく | kawaku |
| Realis (已然形) | 乾け | かわけ | kawake |
| Imperative (命令形) | 乾け | かわけ | kawake |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 乾かず | かわかず | kawakazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 乾けど | かわけど | kawakedo |
| Causal conjunction | 乾けば | かわけば | kawakeba |
| Conditional conjunction | 乾かば | かわかば | kawakaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 乾きき | かわきき | kawakiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 乾きけり | かわきけり | kawakikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 乾きつ | かわきつ | kawakitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 乾きぬ | かわきぬ | kawakinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 乾けり 乾きたり | かわけり かわきたり | kawakeri kawakitari |
Related terms
- 乾かす (kawakasu) (transitive)
References
- 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō