丙

丙	U+4E19, 丙 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E19

← 丘
[U+4E18]

CJK Unified Ideographs

业 →
[U+4E1A]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

丙 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一人月 (MOB), four-corner 1022₇, composition ⿱一内)

Shuowen Jiezi radical №515

Derived characters

㑂, 𠰳, 𪣃, 𡛦, 怲, 抦, 𬇞, 陃, 昞, 𣍪, 柄, 炳, 眪, 䋑, 蛃, 鈵, 鞆, 𮩺, 𠛥, 邴, 昺, 氞, 苪, 病, 窉, 䇤, 㪅, 㶮, 㔷

Chinese

simp. and trad.		丙

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 丙

Shang

Western Zhou

Spring and Autumn

Warring States

Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)

Liushutong (compiled in Ming)

Bronze inscriptions

Oracle bone script

Bronze inscriptions

Chu slip and silk script

Qin slip script

Small seal script

Transcribed ancient scripts

**Oracle bone script**
j30094	j30095	j30096	j30097	j30098	j30099	j30100	j30101
j30102	j30103	j30104	j30105	j30106	j30107	j30108	j30109
j30110	j30111	j30112	j30113	j30114	j30115	j30116	j30117
j30118	j30119	j30120	j30121	j30122	j30123	j30124	j30125

**Bronze inscriptions**
b20266	b20267	b20268	b20269	b20270	b20271	b20272	b20273
b20274	b20275	b20276	b20277	b20278	b20279	b20280	b20281
b20282	b20283	b20284	b20285	b20286	b20287	b20288	b20289
b20290	b20291

**Small seal script**
s10945

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L35138	L35139	L35140	L17697	L17698	L17699	L17700	L17701
L17702	L17703	L17704	L17705	L17706	L17707	L17708	L17709

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (丙) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
更	kraːŋ, kraːŋs
粳	*kraːŋ
埂	kraːŋ, kraːŋʔ
浭	*kraːŋ
稉	*kraːŋ
梗	*kraːŋʔ
哽	*kraːŋʔ
綆	*kraːŋʔ
鯁	*kraːŋʔ
挭	*kraːŋʔ
骾	*kraːŋʔ
郠	*kraːŋʔ
硬	ŋɡraːŋs, ŋɡraːŋs
鞕	*ŋɡraːŋs
丙	*pqraŋʔ
炳	*praŋʔ
邴	praŋʔ, praŋs
怲	praŋʔ, praŋs
苪	*praŋʔ
蛃	*praŋʔ
昺	*praŋʔ
昞	*praŋʔ
窉	*praŋʔ
柄	praŋʔ, praŋs
鈵	*praŋs
寎	*praŋs
病	*braŋs

Various theories:

Pictogram (象形) – shoulders (Shuowen).
Pictogram (象形) – the tail of a fish (Erya).
Pictogram (象形) – pedestal.
Pictogram (象形) – small table.
Original form of 柄 (OC *praŋʔ, *praŋs).

Whatever its original sense may be, it has been lost and replaced by its early use as a heavenly stem.

Etymology

Baxter & Sagart (2014) note the phonological relationship between 丙 (OC *praŋʔ) and 兩 (OC *p.raŋʔ) "a pair"; how these two are graphically related is noted in Baxter (1992). Smith (2011) suggests the meaning "couplet" or "bivalve".

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): bǐng (bing³)
(Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄥˇ
(Chengdu, SP): bin³
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): bing²
(Taishan, Wiktionary): ben²
Gan (Wiktionary): bin³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): piáng
(Meixian, Guangdong): biang³
Jin (Wiktionary): bing²
Min Bei (KCR): běng
Min Dong (BUC): bīng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): piáⁿ / péng
(Teochew, Peng'im): bian²
Wu (Wiktionary): pin (T2)
Xiang (Wiktionary): bin³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bǐng
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bǐng
  - Wade–Giles: ping³
  - Yale: bǐng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biing
  - Palladius: бин (bin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /piŋ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: bin³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bin
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pin⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: bing²
  - Yale: bíng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bing²
  - Guangdong Romanization: bing²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɪŋ³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ben²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pen⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: bin³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pin²¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: piáng
  - Hakka Romanization System: biang`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: biang³
  - Sinological IPA: /pi̯aŋ³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: biang³
  - Sinological IPA: /piaŋ³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: bing²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /pĩŋ⁵³/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: běng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /peiŋ²¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: bīng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /piŋ³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piáⁿ / péng
  - Tâi-lô: piánn / píng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pviar, peang
  - IPA (Xiamen): /piã⁵³/, /piɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /piã⁵⁵⁴/, /piɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /piã⁵³/, /piɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /piã⁵³/, /piɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /piã⁴¹/, /piɪŋ⁴¹/

Note:

piáⁿ - vernacular;
péng - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bian²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: piáⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pĩã⁵²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: pin (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɪɲ³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: bin³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pin⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: /pˠiæŋ^X/

Rime
Character	丙
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	兵永切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠiæŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚiaŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/piaŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/piajŋ^X/
Li Rong	/piɐŋ^X/
Wang Li	/pĭɐŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯ɐŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bǐng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bing²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*praŋʔ/
(Zhengzhang): /*pqraŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	丙
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bǐng
Middle Chinese	‹ pjæng^X ›
Old Chinese	/*praŋʔ/
English	3d heavenly stem
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	丙
Reading #	1/1
No.	883
Phonetic component	丙
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	丙
Old Chinese	/*pqraŋʔ/
Notes	甲文象二石相對並，與竝同源，後轉註爲兩。又史諱通景

Definitions

丙

the third of the ten heavenly stems
third
(Cantonese, slang) to beat
alt. forms: 抦, 炳
a surname

Coordinate terms

(heavenly stems) 天干; 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸 ^{(Category: zh:Heavenly stems)}

Compounds

丙型肝炎 (bǐngxíng gānyán)

丙肝 (bǐnggān)

Descendants

→ Zhuang: bingj

References

“Entry #1304”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Kanji

丙

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

something C
1. the third of the ten heavenly stems
2. third in rank

Readings

Go-on: ひょう (hyō)^{←ひやう (fyau, historical)}
Kan-on: へい (hei, Jōyō)
Kun: ひのえ (hinoe, 丙)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
丙
へい Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 丙 (pjæng^X).

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Kan’on

(Tokyo) へー [héꜜè] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [he̞ː]

Homophones: へい, ヘイ, 平, 兵, 瓶, 聘, 幣, 弊, 炳

Proper noun

丙(へい) • (Hei)

something C; the third of the ten heavenly stems

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
丙
ひのえ Grade: S
kun’yomi

火 (Hi, “Fire”, one of the Five Elements) +‎ の (no, attributive marker) +‎ 兄 (e, “elder brother”)

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) ひのえ [hìnóé] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [çino̞e̞]

Proper noun

丙(ひのえ) • (Hinoe)

the third of the ten heavenly stems

Korean

Hanja

丙 (eumhun 셋째 천간 병 (setjjae cheon'gan byeong))

Hanja form^? of 병 (“third heavenly stem”).
Hanja form^? of 병 (“third”).

丙 (eumhun 남녘 병 (namnyeok byeong))

Hanja form^? of 병 (“south, southern”).

References

Naver Hanja Dictionary: 丙

Vietnamese

Han character

丙: Hán Việt readings: bính
丙: Nôm readings: biếng, bính

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation
Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999

丙

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

Further reading

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Definitions

Coordinate terms

Compounds

Descendants

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Proper noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Proper noun

Korean

Hanja

References

Vietnamese

Han character

References