七
See also: 𠤎 and 匕
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Translingual
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Han character
七 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+1, 2 strokes, cangjie input 十山 (JU), four-corner 40710, composition ⿻㇀乚(GHJKV) or ⿻㇀㇄(T))
Derived characters
- 切, 𠮟, 㐂, 皂, 𬻎
Descendants
- ㄘ (Zhuyin alphabet)
References
- KangXi: page 75, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 3, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4E03
Chinese
| trad. | 七 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 七 | |
| alternative forms | 柒 financial 𠀁 ancient 桼 financial; ancient | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 七 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | Libian (compiled in Qing) | Kangxi Dictionary (compiled in Qing) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | Clerical script | Ming typeface | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Characters in the same phonetic series (七) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 切 | *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd |
| 砌 | *sʰiːds |
| 沏 | *sʰiːd |
| 七 | *sn̥ʰid |
| 柒 | *sn̥ʰid |
| 叱 | *n̥ʰjid |
Pictogram (象形) – a vertical stroke and a horizontal stroke bisecting each other – original character of 切 (OC *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd, “to cut”).
The top-most horizontal stroke is done from left to right. The vertical stroke and bottom-most horizontal stroke are done as one stroke, from top-left to bottom-right.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ni-s (“seven”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
七
- seven
- (printing) agate: The size of type between 小六 (xiǎoliù, “little 6”) and 八 (bā, “8”), standardized as 5½ point.
Compounds
Derived terms from 七
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Descendants
Sino-Xenic (七):
- → Japanese: 七 (shichi); 七 (shitsu)
- → Korean: 칠(七) (chil)
- → Vietnamese: thất (七)
Others:
- → Ai-Cham: sit⁷
- → Proto-Tai: *cetᴰ
- Northern Tai
- Bouyei: xadt
- Zhuang: caet
- Central Tai
- Nong Zhuang: jiat
- Tày: chêt, chất
- Southwestern Tai
- Thai: เจ็ด (jèt)
- Lao: ເຈັດ (chet)
- Lü: ᦵᦈᧆ (ṫsed)
- Tai Dam: ꪹꪊꪸꪒ
- Shan: ၸဵတ်း (tsáet)
- Ahom: 𑜋𑜢𑜄𑜫 (chit)
- Northern Tai
See also
| Chinese numbers | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 108 | 1012 | |
| Normal (小寫／小写) | 〇, 零 | 一 | 二 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬／万 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) | 億／亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億／万亿 (Mainland China) |
| Financial (大寫／大写) | 零 | 壹 | 貳／贰 | 參／叁 | 肆 | 伍 | 陸／陆 | 柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 | |||
References
- “七”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00003
- “Entry #47”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 七 – see 𨳍 (“penis; etc.”). (This character, 七, is a variant form of 𨳍.) |
Japanese
| < 6 | 7 | 8 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : 七 | ||
Kanji
七
(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)
- seven
- seventh
- seven times
Readings
- Go-on: しち (shichi, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: しつ (shitsu)
- Kun: なな (nana, 七, Jōyō); ななつ (nanatsu, 七つ, Jōyō); なの (nano, 七, Jōyō †)
- Nanori: さとる (satoru); し (shi); しっ (shi'); な (na); ひち (hichi)
Compounds
Compounds
- 七回忌 (shichikaiki)
- 七角形 (shichikakkei, “heptagon”)
- 七賢 (Shichiken)
- 竹林の七賢 (Chikurin no Shichiken)
- 七弦琴, 七絃琴 (shichigenkin)
- 七言 (shichigon)
- 七言絶句 (shichigon zekku)
- 七言律詩 (shichigon risshi)
- 七生 (shichishō)
- 七星 (Shichisei, “Ursa Major, the Plough”)
- 七夕 (shichiseki)
- 七難 (shichinan)
- 七福神 (Shichi Fukujin)
- 七宝 (shippō, “the seven treasures (in Buddhism)”)
- 七面体 (shichimentai)
- 七曜 (shichiyō)
- 七輪, 七厘 (shichirin)
- 七夕 (Tanabata)
- 七月 (fuzuki), 七月 (fumizuki)
Alternative forms
- (financial form) 漆
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 七 |
| なな Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese 七 (nana), ultimately from Proto-Japonic *nana.
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) なな [náꜜnà] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
- IPA(key): [na̠na̠]
Audio (file)
Usage notes
In modern Japanese, Japonic なな (nana) is more common than Sinitic しち (shichi) (see Etymology 2) outside fixed compounds, which is similar to 四 (yo) but different from other numerals. The reason may be a superstitious connection to 死 (shi, “death”), or simply avoiding confusion with the similar sounding 一 (ichi) and 四 (shi).
Numeral
七 • (nana)
- seven, 7
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 七色 (nanairo, “seven prismatic colors”)
- 七重 (nanae)
- 七日 (nanoka)
- 七七日 (nanananoka)
- 七竈 (nanakamado)
- 七草 (nanakusa)
- 七子 (nanako)
- 七転び八起き (nana korobi ya oki)
- 七光 (nanahikari)
- 七不思議 (nanafushigi)
- 七夜 (nanayo)
Noun
七 • (nana)
- a seven
- a gambler
Derived terms
- 七曲がり (nanamagari)
Proper noun
七 • (Nana)
- a surname
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 七 |
| しち Grade: 1 |
| goon |
From Middle Chinese 七 (MC t͡sʰiɪt̚).
Pronunciation
- On’yomi: Goon
- (Tokyo) しち [sh
ìchíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1] - IPA(key): [ɕi̥t͡ɕi]
Audio (file)
Numeral
七 • (shichi)
- seven, 7
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 七七 (shichishichi)
- 七月 (shichigatsu, “July”)
- 七五三 (Shichi-Go-San)
- 七五調 (shichigochō)
- 七三 (shichisan)
- 七子 (shichishi)
- 七七日 (shichishichinichi)
- 七珍 (shitchin)
- 七珍万宝 (shitchin manpō)
- 七転八起, 七顛八起 (shichiten hakki)
- 七転八倒, 七顛八倒 (shichitenbattō)
- 七道 (Shichidō)
- 五畿七道 (Gokishichidō)
- 七堂伽藍 (shichidō garan)
- 七並べ (shichinarabe, “sevens”)
- 七味 (shichimi)
- 七面鳥 (shichimenchō, “turkey”, literally “seven-faced bird”)
- 七曜 (shichiyō)
- 五七 (go-shichi, “five-seven”)
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 七 |
| な Grade: 1 |
| irregular |
Shortening from nana above.
Pronunciation
- (Irregular reading)
- (Tokyo) な [náꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
- IPA(key): [na̠]
Numeral
七 • (na)
- (colloquial) seven, 7
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 七 |
| Grade: 1 |
| irregular |
Borrowed from Mandarin 七 (qī).
Pronunciation
- (Irregular reading)
- (Tokyo) チー [chíꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
- IPA(key): [t͡ɕiː]
Numeral
七 • (chī)
- seven, 7
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 七索 (chīsō, “seven bamboo”, mahjong tile)
- 七対子 (chītoitsu, “seven pairs”)
- 七筒 (chīpin, “seven circle”, mahjong tile)
- 七萬 (chīwan, “seven wan”, mahjong tile)
Coordinate terms
| Japanese numbers | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| Regular | 零 (rei) 零 (zero) | 一 (ichi) | 二 (ni) | 三 (san) | 四 (yon) 四 (shi) | 五 (go) | 六 (roku) | 七 (nana) 七 (shichi) | 八 (hachi) | 九 (kyū) 九 (ku) | 十 (jū) |
| Formal | 壱 (ichi) | 弐 (ni) | 参 (san) | 拾 (jū) | |||||||
| 90 | 100 | 300 | 600 | 800 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 8,000 | 10,000 | 100,000,000 | ||
| Regular | 九十 (kyūjū) | 百 (hyaku) 一百 (ippyaku) | 三百 (sanbyaku) | 六百 (roppyaku) | 八百 (happyaku) | 千 (sen) 一千 (issen) | 三千 (sanzen) | 八千 (hassen) | 一万 (ichiman) | 一億 (ichioku) | |
| Formal | 一萬 (ichiman) | ||||||||||
| 1012 | 8×1012 | 1013 | 1016 | 6×1016 | 8×1016 | 1017 | 1018 | ||||
| 一兆 (itchō) | 八兆 (hatchō) | 十兆 (jutchō) | 一京 (ikkei) | 六京 (rokkei) | 八京 (hakkei) | 十京 (jukkei) | 百京 (hyakkei) | ||||
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 七 (MC t͡sʰiɪt̚).
| Historical readings |
|---|
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| 70 | ||
| ← 6 | 7 | 8 → |
|---|---|---|
| Native isol.: 일곱 (ilgop) Native attr.: 일곱 (ilgop) Sino-Korean: 칠 (chil) Hanja: 七 Ordinal: 일곱째 (ilgopjjae) | ||
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕʰiɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [칠]
Hanja
Wikisource七 (eumhun 일곱 칠 (ilgop chil))
- Hanja form? of 칠 (“seven”).
Compounds
Compounds
- 칠서 (七書, chilseo)
- 칠지도 (七支刀, chiljido)
- 북두칠성 (北斗七星, bukduchilseong)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
Old Japanese
| < 6 | 7 | 8 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : 七 Ordinal : 七つ | ||
Etymology
Unbound apophonic form of なの (⟨nano2⟩ → nano). From Proto-Japonic *nana.
Numeral
七 (nana)
- seven, 7
- 711–712, Kojiki (poem 15)
- 夜麻登能多加佐士怒袁那那由久袁登賣杼母多禮袁志摩加牟 [Man'yōgana]
- 大和の高佐士野をなな行くをとめども誰をし枕かむ [Modern spelling]
- Yamato no Takasajino o nana yuku otome-domo tare o shi makamu
- (please add an English translation of this example)
- 711–712, Kojiki (poem 15)
Derived terms
- 七の賢しき人 (nana no sakasiki pito)
Descendants
- Japanese: 七 (nana)
References
- 古事記歌謡 (Kojiki kayō)
Vietnamese
Han character
七: Hán Việt readings: thất (
七: Nôm readings: thất[2], sất[1]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Derived terms
Compounds
- 雙七六八 (song thất lục bát)
- 七寶 (thất bảo)
- 七顛八倒 (thất điên bát đảo)
- 七言 (thất ngôn)
- 七夕 (thất tịch)
- 七情 (thất tình)
- 七言四絕 (thơ thất ngôn tứ tuyệt)
References
- Nguyễn (2014).
- Nguyễn et al. (2009).
- Trần (2004).