bhuqa
Zulu
Verb
-bhuqa
- (transitive) to devastate, to destroy, to wipe out
Inflection
Tone L | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukubhuqa | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukubhuqa | ukungabhuqi | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | bhuqa | -bhuqe | |||||||
Plural | bhuqani | -bhuqeni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyabhuqa, ngibhuqa | engibhuqayo, engibhuqa | ngibhuqa | angibhuqi | engingabhuqi | ngingabhuqi | |||
2nd singular | uyabhuqa, ubhuqa | obhuqayo, obhuqa | ubhuqa | awubhuqi | ongabhuqi | ungabhuqi | |||
1st plural | siyabhuqa, sibhuqa | esibhuqayo, esibhuqa | sibhuqa | asibhuqi | esingabhuqi | singabhuqi | |||
2nd plural | niyabhuqa, nibhuqa | enibhuqayo, enibhuqa | nibhuqa | anibhuqi | eningabhuqi | ningabhuqi | |||
Class 1 | uyabhuqa, ubhuqa | obhuqayo, obhuqa | ebhuqa | akabhuqi | ongabhuqi | engabhuqi | |||
Class 2 | bayabhuqa, babhuqa | ababhuqayo, ababhuqa | bebhuqa | ababhuqi | abangabhuqi | bengabhuqi | |||
Class 3 | uyabhuqa, ubhuqa | obhuqayo, obhuqa | ubhuqa | awubhuqi | ongabhuqi | ungabhuqi | |||
Class 4 | iyabhuqa, ibhuqa | ebhuqayo, ebhuqa | ibhuqa | ayibhuqi | engabhuqi | ingabhuqi | |||
Class 5 | liyabhuqa, libhuqa | elibhuqayo, elibhuqa | libhuqa | alibhuqi | elingabhuqi | lingabhuqi | |||
Class 6 | ayabhuqa, abhuqa | abhuqayo, abhuqa | ebhuqa | awabhuqi | angabhuqi | engabhuqi | |||
Class 7 | siyabhuqa, sibhuqa | esibhuqayo, esibhuqa | sibhuqa | asibhuqi | esingabhuqi | singabhuqi | |||
Class 8 | ziyabhuqa, zibhuqa | ezibhuqayo, ezibhuqa | zibhuqa | azibhuqi | ezingabhuqi | zingabhuqi | |||
Class 9 | iyabhuqa, ibhuqa | ebhuqayo, ebhuqa | ibhuqa | ayibhuqi | engabhuqi | ingabhuqi | |||
Class 10 | ziyabhuqa, zibhuqa | ezibhuqayo, ezibhuqa | zibhuqa | azibhuqi | ezingabhuqi | zingabhuqi | |||
Class 11 | luyabhuqa, lubhuqa | olubhuqayo, olubhuqa | lubhuqa | alubhuqi | olungabhuqi | lungabhuqi | |||
Class 14 | buyabhuqa, bubhuqa | obubhuqayo, obubhuqa | bubhuqa | abubhuqi | obungabhuqi | bungabhuqi | |||
Class 15 | kuyabhuqa, kubhuqa | okubhuqayo, okubhuqa | kubhuqa | akubhuqi | okungabhuqi | kungabhuqi | |||
Class 17 | kuyabhuqa, kubhuqa | okubhuqayo, okubhuqa | kubhuqa | akubhuqi | okungabhuqi | kungabhuqi | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngibhuqile, ngibhuqē | engibhuqile, engibhuqē | ngibhuqile, ngibhuqē | angibhuqanga | engingabhuqanga | ngingabhuqanga | |||
2nd singular | ubhuqile, ubhuqē | obhuqile, obhuqē | ubhuqile, ubhuqē | awubhuqanga | ongabhuqanga | ungabhuqanga | |||
1st plural | sibhuqile, sibhuqē | esibhuqile, esibhuqē | sibhuqile, sibhuqē | asibhuqanga | esingabhuqanga | singabhuqanga | |||
2nd plural | nibhuqile, nibhuqē | enibhuqile, enibhuqē | nibhuqile, nibhuqē | anibhuqanga | eningabhuqanga | ningabhuqanga | |||
Class 1 | ubhuqile, ubhuqē | obhuqile, obhuqē | ebhuqile, ebhuqē | akabhuqanga | ongabhuqanga | engabhuqanga | |||
Class 2 | babhuqile, babhuqē | ababhuqile, ababhuqē | bebhuqile, bebhuqē | ababhuqanga | abangabhuqanga | bengabhuqanga | |||
Class 3 | ubhuqile, ubhuqē | obhuqile, obhuqē | ubhuqile, ubhuqē | awubhuqanga | ongabhuqanga | ungabhuqanga | |||
Class 4 | ibhuqile, ibhuqē | ebhuqile, ebhuqē | ibhuqile, ibhuqē | ayibhuqanga | engabhuqanga | ingabhuqanga | |||
Class 5 | libhuqile, libhuqē | elibhuqile, elibhuqē | libhuqile, libhuqē | alibhuqanga | elingabhuqanga | lingabhuqanga | |||
Class 6 | abhuqile, abhuqē | abhuqile, abhuqē | ebhuqile, ebhuqē | awabhuqanga | angabhuqanga | engabhuqanga | |||
Class 7 | sibhuqile, sibhuqē | esibhuqile, esibhuqē | sibhuqile, sibhuqē | asibhuqanga | esingabhuqanga | singabhuqanga | |||
Class 8 | zibhuqile, zibhuqē | ezibhuqile, ezibhuqē | zibhuqile, zibhuqē | azibhuqanga | ezingabhuqanga | zingabhuqanga | |||
Class 9 | ibhuqile, ibhuqē | ebhuqile, ebhuqē | ibhuqile, ibhuqē | ayibhuqanga | engabhuqanga | ingabhuqanga | |||
Class 10 | zibhuqile, zibhuqē | ezibhuqile, ezibhuqē | zibhuqile, zibhuqē | azibhuqanga | ezingabhuqanga | zingabhuqanga | |||
Class 11 | lubhuqile, lubhuqē | olubhuqile, olubhuqē | lubhuqile, lubhuqē | alubhuqanga | olungabhuqanga | lungabhuqanga | |||
Class 14 | bubhuqile, bubhuqē | obubhuqile, obubhuqē | bubhuqile, bubhuqē | abubhuqanga | obungabhuqanga | bungabhuqanga | |||
Class 15 | kubhuqile, kubhuqē | okubhuqile, okubhuqē | kubhuqile, kubhuqē | akubhuqanga | okungabhuqanga | kungabhuqanga | |||
Class 17 | kubhuqile, kubhuqē | okubhuqile, okubhuqē | kubhuqile, kubhuqē | akubhuqanga | okungabhuqanga | kungabhuqanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngābhuqa | engābhuqa | ngābhuqa | angibhuqanga | engingabhuqanga | ngingabhuqanga | |||
2nd singular | wābhuqa | owābhuqa | wābhuqa | awubhuqanga | ongabhuqanga | ungabhuqanga | |||
1st plural | sābhuqa | esābhuqa | sābhuqa | asibhuqanga | esingabhuqanga | singabhuqanga | |||
2nd plural | nābhuqa | enābhuqa | nābhuqa | anibhuqanga | eningabhuqanga | ningabhuqanga | |||
Class 1 | wābhuqa | owābhuqa | ābhuqa | akabhuqanga | ongabhuqanga | engabhuqanga | |||
Class 2 | bābhuqa | abābhuqa | bābhuqa | ababhuqanga | abangabhuqanga | bengabhuqanga | |||
Class 3 | wābhuqa | owābhuqa | wābhuqa | awubhuqanga | ongabhuqanga | ungabhuqanga | |||
Class 4 | yābhuqa | eyābhuqa | yābhuqa | ayibhuqanga | engabhuqanga | ingabhuqanga | |||
Class 5 | lābhuqa | elābhuqa | lābhuqa | alibhuqanga | elingabhuqanga | lingabhuqanga | |||
Class 6 | ābhuqa | ābhuqa | ābhuqa | awabhuqanga | angabhuqanga | engabhuqanga | |||
Class 7 | sābhuqa | esābhuqa | sābhuqa | asibhuqanga | esingabhuqanga | singabhuqanga | |||
Class 8 | zābhuqa | ezābhuqa | zābhuqa | azibhuqanga | ezingabhuqanga | zingabhuqanga | |||
Class 9 | yābhuqa | eyābhuqa | yābhuqa | ayibhuqanga | engabhuqanga | ingabhuqanga | |||
Class 10 | zābhuqa | ezābhuqa | zābhuqa | azibhuqanga | ezingabhuqanga | zingabhuqanga | |||
Class 11 | lwābhuqa | olwābhuqa | lwābhuqa | alubhuqanga | olungabhuqanga | lungabhuqanga | |||
Class 14 | bābhuqa | obābhuqa | bābhuqa | abubhuqanga | obungabhuqanga | bungabhuqanga | |||
Class 15 | kwābhuqa | okwābhuqa | kwābhuqa | akubhuqanga | okungabhuqanga | kungabhuqanga | |||
Class 17 | kwābhuqa | okwābhuqa | kwābhuqa | akubhuqanga | okungabhuqanga | kungabhuqanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingabhuqa | — | ngingabhuqa | ngingebhuqe | — | ngingebhuqe | |||
2nd singular | ungabhuqa | — | ungabhuqa | ungebhuqe | — | ungebhuqe | |||
1st plural | singabhuqa | — | singabhuqa | singebhuqe | — | singebhuqe | |||
2nd plural | ningabhuqa | — | ningabhuqa | ningebhuqe | — | ningebhuqe | |||
Class 1 | angabhuqa | — | engabhuqa | angebhuqe | — | engebhuqe | |||
Class 2 | bangabhuqa | — | bengabhuqa | bangebhuqe | — | bengebhuqe | |||
Class 3 | ungabhuqa | — | ungabhuqa | ungebhuqe | — | ungebhuqe | |||
Class 4 | ingabhuqa | — | ingabhuqa | ingebhuqe | — | ingebhuqe | |||
Class 5 | lingabhuqa | — | lingabhuqa | lingebhuqe | — | lingebhuqe | |||
Class 6 | angabhuqa | — | engabhuqa | angebhuqe | — | engebhuqe | |||
Class 7 | singabhuqa | — | singabhuqa | singebhuqe | — | singebhuqe | |||
Class 8 | zingabhuqa | — | zingabhuqa | zingebhuqe | — | zingebhuqe | |||
Class 9 | ingabhuqa | — | ingabhuqa | ingebhuqe | — | ingebhuqe | |||
Class 10 | zingabhuqa | — | zingabhuqa | zingebhuqe | — | zingebhuqe | |||
Class 11 | lungabhuqa | — | lungabhuqa | lungebhuqe | — | lungebhuqe | |||
Class 14 | bungabhuqa | — | bungabhuqa | bungebhuqe | — | bungebhuqe | |||
Class 15 | kungabhuqa | — | kungabhuqa | kungebhuqe | — | kungebhuqe | |||
Class 17 | kungabhuqa | — | kungabhuqa | kungebhuqe | — | kungebhuqe | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizobhuqa | engizobhuqa | ngizobhuqa | angizubhuqa | engingezubhuqa | ngingezubhuqa | |||
2nd singular | uzobhuqa | ozobhuqa | uzobhuqa | awuzubhuqa | ongezubhuqa | ungezubhuqa | |||
1st plural | sizobhuqa | esizobhuqa | sizobhuqa | asizubhuqa | esingezubhuqa | singezubhuqa | |||
2nd plural | nizobhuqa | enizobhuqa | nizobhuqa | anizubhuqa | eningezubhuqa | ningezubhuqa | |||
Class 1 | uzobhuqa | ozobhuqa | ezobhuqa | akazubhuqa | ongezubhuqa | engezubhuqa | |||
Class 2 | bazobhuqa | abazobhuqa | bezobhuqa | abazubhuqa | abangezubhuqa | bengezubhuqa | |||
Class 3 | uzobhuqa | ozobhuqa | uzobhuqa | awuzubhuqa | ongezubhuqa | ungezubhuqa | |||
Class 4 | izobhuqa | ezobhuqa | izobhuqa | ayizubhuqa | engezubhuqa | ingezubhuqa | |||
Class 5 | lizobhuqa | elizobhuqa | lizobhuqa | alizubhuqa | elingezubhuqa | lingezubhuqa | |||
Class 6 | azobhuqa | azobhuqa | ezobhuqa | awazubhuqa | angezubhuqa | engezubhuqa | |||
Class 7 | sizobhuqa | esizobhuqa | sizobhuqa | asizubhuqa | esingezubhuqa | singezubhuqa | |||
Class 8 | zizobhuqa | ezizobhuqa | zizobhuqa | azizubhuqa | ezingezubhuqa | zingezubhuqa | |||
Class 9 | izobhuqa | ezobhuqa | izobhuqa | ayizubhuqa | engezubhuqa | ingezubhuqa | |||
Class 10 | zizobhuqa | ezizobhuqa | zizobhuqa | azizubhuqa | ezingezubhuqa | zingezubhuqa | |||
Class 11 | luzobhuqa | oluzobhuqa | luzobhuqa | aluzubhuqa | olungezubhuqa | lungezubhuqa | |||
Class 14 | buzobhuqa | obuzobhuqa | buzobhuqa | abuzubhuqa | obungezubhuqa | bungezubhuqa | |||
Class 15 | kuzobhuqa | okuzobhuqa | kuzobhuqa | akuzubhuqa | okungezubhuqa | kungezubhuqa | |||
Class 17 | kuzobhuqa | okuzobhuqa | kuzobhuqa | akuzubhuqa | okungezubhuqa | kungezubhuqa | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyobhuqa | engiyobhuqa | ngiyobhuqa | angiyubhuqa | engingeyubhuqa | ngingeyubhuqa | |||
2nd singular | uyobhuqa | oyobhuqa | uyobhuqa | awuyubhuqa | ongeyubhuqa | ungeyubhuqa | |||
1st plural | siyobhuqa | esiyobhuqa | siyobhuqa | asiyubhuqa | esingeyubhuqa | singeyubhuqa | |||
2nd plural | niyobhuqa | eniyobhuqa | niyobhuqa | aniyubhuqa | eningeyubhuqa | ningeyubhuqa | |||
Class 1 | uyobhuqa | oyobhuqa | eyobhuqa | akayubhuqa | ongeyubhuqa | engeyubhuqa | |||
Class 2 | bayobhuqa | abayobhuqa | beyobhuqa | abayubhuqa | abangeyubhuqa | bengeyubhuqa | |||
Class 3 | uyobhuqa | oyobhuqa | uyobhuqa | awuyubhuqa | ongeyubhuqa | ungeyubhuqa | |||
Class 4 | iyobhuqa | eyobhuqa | iyobhuqa | ayiyubhuqa | engeyubhuqa | ingeyubhuqa | |||
Class 5 | liyobhuqa | eliyobhuqa | liyobhuqa | aliyubhuqa | elingeyubhuqa | lingeyubhuqa | |||
Class 6 | ayobhuqa | ayobhuqa | eyobhuqa | awayubhuqa | angeyubhuqa | engeyubhuqa | |||
Class 7 | siyobhuqa | esiyobhuqa | siyobhuqa | asiyubhuqa | esingeyubhuqa | singeyubhuqa | |||
Class 8 | ziyobhuqa | eziyobhuqa | ziyobhuqa | aziyubhuqa | ezingeyubhuqa | zingeyubhuqa | |||
Class 9 | iyobhuqa | eyobhuqa | iyobhuqa | ayiyubhuqa | engeyubhuqa | ingeyubhuqa | |||
Class 10 | ziyobhuqa | eziyobhuqa | ziyobhuqa | aziyubhuqa | ezingeyubhuqa | zingeyubhuqa | |||
Class 11 | luyobhuqa | oluyobhuqa | luyobhuqa | aluyubhuqa | olungeyubhuqa | lungeyubhuqa | |||
Class 14 | buyobhuqa | obuyobhuqa | buyobhuqa | abuyubhuqa | obungeyubhuqa | bungeyubhuqa | |||
Class 15 | kuyobhuqa | okuyobhuqa | kuyobhuqa | akuyubhuqa | okungeyubhuqa | kungeyubhuqa | |||
Class 17 | kuyobhuqa | okuyobhuqa | kuyobhuqa | akuyubhuqa | okungeyubhuqa | kungeyubhuqa | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngibhuqe | ngingabhuqi | |||||||
2nd singular | ubhuqe | ungabhuqi | |||||||
1st plural | sibhuqe | singabhuqi | |||||||
2nd plural | nibhuqe | ningabhuqi | |||||||
Class 1 | abhuqe | angabhuqi | |||||||
Class 2 | babhuqe | bangabhuqi | |||||||
Class 3 | ubhuqe | ungabhuqi | |||||||
Class 4 | ibhuqe | ingabhuqi | |||||||
Class 5 | libhuqe | lingabhuqi | |||||||
Class 6 | abhuqe | angabhuqi | |||||||
Class 7 | sibhuqe | singabhuqi | |||||||
Class 8 | zibhuqe | zingabhuqi | |||||||
Class 9 | ibhuqe | ingabhuqi | |||||||
Class 10 | zibhuqe | zingabhuqi | |||||||
Class 11 | lubhuqe | lungabhuqi | |||||||
Class 14 | bubhuqe | bungabhuqi | |||||||
Class 15 | kubhuqe | kungabhuqi | |||||||
Class 17 | kubhuqe | kungabhuqi | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngabhuqa | ngangabhuqa, angabhuqa, angangabhuqa | |||||||
2nd singular | wabhuqa | wangabhuqa, awabhuqa, awangabhuqa | |||||||
1st plural | sabhuqa | sangabhuqa, asabhuqa, asangabhuqa | |||||||
2nd plural | nabhuqa | nangabhuqa, anabhuqa, anangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 1 | wabhuqa | wangabhuqa, akabhuqa, akangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 2 | babhuqa | bangabhuqa, ababhuqa, abangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 3 | wabhuqa | wangabhuqa, awabhuqa, awangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 4 | yabhuqa | yangabhuqa, ayabhuqa, ayangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 5 | labhuqa | langabhuqa, alabhuqa, alangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 6 | abhuqa | angabhuqa, awabhuqa, awangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 7 | sabhuqa | sangabhuqa, asabhuqa, asangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 8 | zabhuqa | zangabhuqa, azabhuqa, azangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 9 | yabhuqa | yangabhuqa, ayabhuqa, ayangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 10 | zabhuqa | zangabhuqa, azabhuqa, azangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 11 | lwabhuqa | lwangabhuqa, alwabhuqa, alwangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 14 | babhuqa | bangabhuqa, ababhuqa, abangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 15 | kwabhuqa | kwangabhuqa, akwabhuqa, akwangabhuqa | |||||||
Class 17 | kwabhuqa | kwangabhuqa, akwabhuqa, akwangabhuqa |
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “buqa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “buqa (6.3)”