bhonga
Zulu
Verb
-bhonga
- to roar
Inflection
Tone L | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukubhonga | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukubhonga | ukungabhongi | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | bhonga | -bhonge | |||||||
Plural | bhongani | -bhongeni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyabhonga, ngibhonga | engibhongayo, engibhonga | ngibhonga | angibhongi | engingabhongi | ngingabhongi | |||
2nd singular | uyabhonga, ubhonga | obhongayo, obhonga | ubhonga | awubhongi | ongabhongi | ungabhongi | |||
1st plural | siyabhonga, sibhonga | esibhongayo, esibhonga | sibhonga | asibhongi | esingabhongi | singabhongi | |||
2nd plural | niyabhonga, nibhonga | enibhongayo, enibhonga | nibhonga | anibhongi | eningabhongi | ningabhongi | |||
Class 1 | uyabhonga, ubhonga | obhongayo, obhonga | ebhonga | akabhongi | ongabhongi | engabhongi | |||
Class 2 | bayabhonga, babhonga | ababhongayo, ababhonga | bebhonga | ababhongi | abangabhongi | bengabhongi | |||
Class 3 | uyabhonga, ubhonga | obhongayo, obhonga | ubhonga | awubhongi | ongabhongi | ungabhongi | |||
Class 4 | iyabhonga, ibhonga | ebhongayo, ebhonga | ibhonga | ayibhongi | engabhongi | ingabhongi | |||
Class 5 | liyabhonga, libhonga | elibhongayo, elibhonga | libhonga | alibhongi | elingabhongi | lingabhongi | |||
Class 6 | ayabhonga, abhonga | abhongayo, abhonga | ebhonga | awabhongi | angabhongi | engabhongi | |||
Class 7 | siyabhonga, sibhonga | esibhongayo, esibhonga | sibhonga | asibhongi | esingabhongi | singabhongi | |||
Class 8 | ziyabhonga, zibhonga | ezibhongayo, ezibhonga | zibhonga | azibhongi | ezingabhongi | zingabhongi | |||
Class 9 | iyabhonga, ibhonga | ebhongayo, ebhonga | ibhonga | ayibhongi | engabhongi | ingabhongi | |||
Class 10 | ziyabhonga, zibhonga | ezibhongayo, ezibhonga | zibhonga | azibhongi | ezingabhongi | zingabhongi | |||
Class 11 | luyabhonga, lubhonga | olubhongayo, olubhonga | lubhonga | alubhongi | olungabhongi | lungabhongi | |||
Class 14 | buyabhonga, bubhonga | obubhongayo, obubhonga | bubhonga | abubhongi | obungabhongi | bungabhongi | |||
Class 15 | kuyabhonga, kubhonga | okubhongayo, okubhonga | kubhonga | akubhongi | okungabhongi | kungabhongi | |||
Class 17 | kuyabhonga, kubhonga | okubhongayo, okubhonga | kubhonga | akubhongi | okungabhongi | kungabhongi | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngibhongile, ngibhongē | engibhongile, engibhongē | ngibhongile, ngibhongē | angibhonganga | engingabhonganga | ngingabhonganga | |||
2nd singular | ubhongile, ubhongē | obhongile, obhongē | ubhongile, ubhongē | awubhonganga | ongabhonganga | ungabhonganga | |||
1st plural | sibhongile, sibhongē | esibhongile, esibhongē | sibhongile, sibhongē | asibhonganga | esingabhonganga | singabhonganga | |||
2nd plural | nibhongile, nibhongē | enibhongile, enibhongē | nibhongile, nibhongē | anibhonganga | eningabhonganga | ningabhonganga | |||
Class 1 | ubhongile, ubhongē | obhongile, obhongē | ebhongile, ebhongē | akabhonganga | ongabhonganga | engabhonganga | |||
Class 2 | babhongile, babhongē | ababhongile, ababhongē | bebhongile, bebhongē | ababhonganga | abangabhonganga | bengabhonganga | |||
Class 3 | ubhongile, ubhongē | obhongile, obhongē | ubhongile, ubhongē | awubhonganga | ongabhonganga | ungabhonganga | |||
Class 4 | ibhongile, ibhongē | ebhongile, ebhongē | ibhongile, ibhongē | ayibhonganga | engabhonganga | ingabhonganga | |||
Class 5 | libhongile, libhongē | elibhongile, elibhongē | libhongile, libhongē | alibhonganga | elingabhonganga | lingabhonganga | |||
Class 6 | abhongile, abhongē | abhongile, abhongē | ebhongile, ebhongē | awabhonganga | angabhonganga | engabhonganga | |||
Class 7 | sibhongile, sibhongē | esibhongile, esibhongē | sibhongile, sibhongē | asibhonganga | esingabhonganga | singabhonganga | |||
Class 8 | zibhongile, zibhongē | ezibhongile, ezibhongē | zibhongile, zibhongē | azibhonganga | ezingabhonganga | zingabhonganga | |||
Class 9 | ibhongile, ibhongē | ebhongile, ebhongē | ibhongile, ibhongē | ayibhonganga | engabhonganga | ingabhonganga | |||
Class 10 | zibhongile, zibhongē | ezibhongile, ezibhongē | zibhongile, zibhongē | azibhonganga | ezingabhonganga | zingabhonganga | |||
Class 11 | lubhongile, lubhongē | olubhongile, olubhongē | lubhongile, lubhongē | alubhonganga | olungabhonganga | lungabhonganga | |||
Class 14 | bubhongile, bubhongē | obubhongile, obubhongē | bubhongile, bubhongē | abubhonganga | obungabhonganga | bungabhonganga | |||
Class 15 | kubhongile, kubhongē | okubhongile, okubhongē | kubhongile, kubhongē | akubhonganga | okungabhonganga | kungabhonganga | |||
Class 17 | kubhongile, kubhongē | okubhongile, okubhongē | kubhongile, kubhongē | akubhonganga | okungabhonganga | kungabhonganga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngābhonga | engābhonga | ngābhonga | angibhonganga | engingabhonganga | ngingabhonganga | |||
2nd singular | wābhonga | owābhonga | wābhonga | awubhonganga | ongabhonganga | ungabhonganga | |||
1st plural | sābhonga | esābhonga | sābhonga | asibhonganga | esingabhonganga | singabhonganga | |||
2nd plural | nābhonga | enābhonga | nābhonga | anibhonganga | eningabhonganga | ningabhonganga | |||
Class 1 | wābhonga | owābhonga | ābhonga | akabhonganga | ongabhonganga | engabhonganga | |||
Class 2 | bābhonga | abābhonga | bābhonga | ababhonganga | abangabhonganga | bengabhonganga | |||
Class 3 | wābhonga | owābhonga | wābhonga | awubhonganga | ongabhonganga | ungabhonganga | |||
Class 4 | yābhonga | eyābhonga | yābhonga | ayibhonganga | engabhonganga | ingabhonganga | |||
Class 5 | lābhonga | elābhonga | lābhonga | alibhonganga | elingabhonganga | lingabhonganga | |||
Class 6 | ābhonga | ābhonga | ābhonga | awabhonganga | angabhonganga | engabhonganga | |||
Class 7 | sābhonga | esābhonga | sābhonga | asibhonganga | esingabhonganga | singabhonganga | |||
Class 8 | zābhonga | ezābhonga | zābhonga | azibhonganga | ezingabhonganga | zingabhonganga | |||
Class 9 | yābhonga | eyābhonga | yābhonga | ayibhonganga | engabhonganga | ingabhonganga | |||
Class 10 | zābhonga | ezābhonga | zābhonga | azibhonganga | ezingabhonganga | zingabhonganga | |||
Class 11 | lwābhonga | olwābhonga | lwābhonga | alubhonganga | olungabhonganga | lungabhonganga | |||
Class 14 | bābhonga | obābhonga | bābhonga | abubhonganga | obungabhonganga | bungabhonganga | |||
Class 15 | kwābhonga | okwābhonga | kwābhonga | akubhonganga | okungabhonganga | kungabhonganga | |||
Class 17 | kwābhonga | okwābhonga | kwābhonga | akubhonganga | okungabhonganga | kungabhonganga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingabhonga | — | ngingabhonga | ngingebhonge | — | ngingebhonge | |||
2nd singular | ungabhonga | — | ungabhonga | ungebhonge | — | ungebhonge | |||
1st plural | singabhonga | — | singabhonga | singebhonge | — | singebhonge | |||
2nd plural | ningabhonga | — | ningabhonga | ningebhonge | — | ningebhonge | |||
Class 1 | angabhonga | — | engabhonga | angebhonge | — | engebhonge | |||
Class 2 | bangabhonga | — | bengabhonga | bangebhonge | — | bengebhonge | |||
Class 3 | ungabhonga | — | ungabhonga | ungebhonge | — | ungebhonge | |||
Class 4 | ingabhonga | — | ingabhonga | ingebhonge | — | ingebhonge | |||
Class 5 | lingabhonga | — | lingabhonga | lingebhonge | — | lingebhonge | |||
Class 6 | angabhonga | — | engabhonga | angebhonge | — | engebhonge | |||
Class 7 | singabhonga | — | singabhonga | singebhonge | — | singebhonge | |||
Class 8 | zingabhonga | — | zingabhonga | zingebhonge | — | zingebhonge | |||
Class 9 | ingabhonga | — | ingabhonga | ingebhonge | — | ingebhonge | |||
Class 10 | zingabhonga | — | zingabhonga | zingebhonge | — | zingebhonge | |||
Class 11 | lungabhonga | — | lungabhonga | lungebhonge | — | lungebhonge | |||
Class 14 | bungabhonga | — | bungabhonga | bungebhonge | — | bungebhonge | |||
Class 15 | kungabhonga | — | kungabhonga | kungebhonge | — | kungebhonge | |||
Class 17 | kungabhonga | — | kungabhonga | kungebhonge | — | kungebhonge | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizobhonga | engizobhonga | ngizobhonga | angizubhonga | engingezubhonga | ngingezubhonga | |||
2nd singular | uzobhonga | ozobhonga | uzobhonga | awuzubhonga | ongezubhonga | ungezubhonga | |||
1st plural | sizobhonga | esizobhonga | sizobhonga | asizubhonga | esingezubhonga | singezubhonga | |||
2nd plural | nizobhonga | enizobhonga | nizobhonga | anizubhonga | eningezubhonga | ningezubhonga | |||
Class 1 | uzobhonga | ozobhonga | ezobhonga | akazubhonga | ongezubhonga | engezubhonga | |||
Class 2 | bazobhonga | abazobhonga | bezobhonga | abazubhonga | abangezubhonga | bengezubhonga | |||
Class 3 | uzobhonga | ozobhonga | uzobhonga | awuzubhonga | ongezubhonga | ungezubhonga | |||
Class 4 | izobhonga | ezobhonga | izobhonga | ayizubhonga | engezubhonga | ingezubhonga | |||
Class 5 | lizobhonga | elizobhonga | lizobhonga | alizubhonga | elingezubhonga | lingezubhonga | |||
Class 6 | azobhonga | azobhonga | ezobhonga | awazubhonga | angezubhonga | engezubhonga | |||
Class 7 | sizobhonga | esizobhonga | sizobhonga | asizubhonga | esingezubhonga | singezubhonga | |||
Class 8 | zizobhonga | ezizobhonga | zizobhonga | azizubhonga | ezingezubhonga | zingezubhonga | |||
Class 9 | izobhonga | ezobhonga | izobhonga | ayizubhonga | engezubhonga | ingezubhonga | |||
Class 10 | zizobhonga | ezizobhonga | zizobhonga | azizubhonga | ezingezubhonga | zingezubhonga | |||
Class 11 | luzobhonga | oluzobhonga | luzobhonga | aluzubhonga | olungezubhonga | lungezubhonga | |||
Class 14 | buzobhonga | obuzobhonga | buzobhonga | abuzubhonga | obungezubhonga | bungezubhonga | |||
Class 15 | kuzobhonga | okuzobhonga | kuzobhonga | akuzubhonga | okungezubhonga | kungezubhonga | |||
Class 17 | kuzobhonga | okuzobhonga | kuzobhonga | akuzubhonga | okungezubhonga | kungezubhonga | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyobhonga | engiyobhonga | ngiyobhonga | angiyubhonga | engingeyubhonga | ngingeyubhonga | |||
2nd singular | uyobhonga | oyobhonga | uyobhonga | awuyubhonga | ongeyubhonga | ungeyubhonga | |||
1st plural | siyobhonga | esiyobhonga | siyobhonga | asiyubhonga | esingeyubhonga | singeyubhonga | |||
2nd plural | niyobhonga | eniyobhonga | niyobhonga | aniyubhonga | eningeyubhonga | ningeyubhonga | |||
Class 1 | uyobhonga | oyobhonga | eyobhonga | akayubhonga | ongeyubhonga | engeyubhonga | |||
Class 2 | bayobhonga | abayobhonga | beyobhonga | abayubhonga | abangeyubhonga | bengeyubhonga | |||
Class 3 | uyobhonga | oyobhonga | uyobhonga | awuyubhonga | ongeyubhonga | ungeyubhonga | |||
Class 4 | iyobhonga | eyobhonga | iyobhonga | ayiyubhonga | engeyubhonga | ingeyubhonga | |||
Class 5 | liyobhonga | eliyobhonga | liyobhonga | aliyubhonga | elingeyubhonga | lingeyubhonga | |||
Class 6 | ayobhonga | ayobhonga | eyobhonga | awayubhonga | angeyubhonga | engeyubhonga | |||
Class 7 | siyobhonga | esiyobhonga | siyobhonga | asiyubhonga | esingeyubhonga | singeyubhonga | |||
Class 8 | ziyobhonga | eziyobhonga | ziyobhonga | aziyubhonga | ezingeyubhonga | zingeyubhonga | |||
Class 9 | iyobhonga | eyobhonga | iyobhonga | ayiyubhonga | engeyubhonga | ingeyubhonga | |||
Class 10 | ziyobhonga | eziyobhonga | ziyobhonga | aziyubhonga | ezingeyubhonga | zingeyubhonga | |||
Class 11 | luyobhonga | oluyobhonga | luyobhonga | aluyubhonga | olungeyubhonga | lungeyubhonga | |||
Class 14 | buyobhonga | obuyobhonga | buyobhonga | abuyubhonga | obungeyubhonga | bungeyubhonga | |||
Class 15 | kuyobhonga | okuyobhonga | kuyobhonga | akuyubhonga | okungeyubhonga | kungeyubhonga | |||
Class 17 | kuyobhonga | okuyobhonga | kuyobhonga | akuyubhonga | okungeyubhonga | kungeyubhonga | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngibhonge | ngingabhongi | |||||||
2nd singular | ubhonge | ungabhongi | |||||||
1st plural | sibhonge | singabhongi | |||||||
2nd plural | nibhonge | ningabhongi | |||||||
Class 1 | abhonge | angabhongi | |||||||
Class 2 | babhonge | bangabhongi | |||||||
Class 3 | ubhonge | ungabhongi | |||||||
Class 4 | ibhonge | ingabhongi | |||||||
Class 5 | libhonge | lingabhongi | |||||||
Class 6 | abhonge | angabhongi | |||||||
Class 7 | sibhonge | singabhongi | |||||||
Class 8 | zibhonge | zingabhongi | |||||||
Class 9 | ibhonge | ingabhongi | |||||||
Class 10 | zibhonge | zingabhongi | |||||||
Class 11 | lubhonge | lungabhongi | |||||||
Class 14 | bubhonge | bungabhongi | |||||||
Class 15 | kubhonge | kungabhongi | |||||||
Class 17 | kubhonge | kungabhongi | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngabhonga | ngangabhonga, angabhonga, angangabhonga | |||||||
2nd singular | wabhonga | wangabhonga, awabhonga, awangabhonga | |||||||
1st plural | sabhonga | sangabhonga, asabhonga, asangabhonga | |||||||
2nd plural | nabhonga | nangabhonga, anabhonga, anangabhonga | |||||||
Class 1 | wabhonga | wangabhonga, akabhonga, akangabhonga | |||||||
Class 2 | babhonga | bangabhonga, ababhonga, abangabhonga | |||||||
Class 3 | wabhonga | wangabhonga, awabhonga, awangabhonga | |||||||
Class 4 | yabhonga | yangabhonga, ayabhonga, ayangabhonga | |||||||
Class 5 | labhonga | langabhonga, alabhonga, alangabhonga | |||||||
Class 6 | abhonga | angabhonga, awabhonga, awangabhonga | |||||||
Class 7 | sabhonga | sangabhonga, asabhonga, asangabhonga | |||||||
Class 8 | zabhonga | zangabhonga, azabhonga, azangabhonga | |||||||
Class 9 | yabhonga | yangabhonga, ayabhonga, ayangabhonga | |||||||
Class 10 | zabhonga | zangabhonga, azabhonga, azangabhonga | |||||||
Class 11 | lwabhonga | lwangabhonga, alwabhonga, alwangabhonga | |||||||
Class 14 | babhonga | bangabhonga, ababhonga, abangabhonga | |||||||
Class 15 | kwabhonga | kwangabhonga, akwabhonga, akwangabhonga | |||||||
Class 17 | kwabhonga | kwangabhonga, akwabhonga, akwangabhonga |