bežati
Serbo-Croatian
Alternative forms
- (Ijekavian): bjèžati
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *běžàti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bēˀgjā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰégʷ-y-eh₂-ti, from *bʰegʷ-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /běʒati/
- Hyphenation: be‧ža‧ti
Verb
bèžati impf (Cyrillic spelling бѐжати)
- (intransitive) to flee, run away
Conjugation
Conjugation of bežati
| Infinitive: bežati | Present verbal adverb: bèžēći | Past verbal adverb: — | Verbal noun: bèžānje | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |
| Verbal forms | ja | ti | on / ona / ono | mi | vi | oni / one / ona | |
| Present | bežim | bežiš | beži | bežimo | bežite | beže | |
| Future | Future I | bežat ću1 bežaću | bežat ćeš1 bežaćeš | bežat će1 bežaće | bežat ćemo1 bežaćemo | bežat ćete1 bežaćete | bežat će1 bežaće |
| Future II | bȕdēm bežao2 | bȕdēš bežao2 | bȕdē bežao2 | bȕdēmo bežali2 | bȕdēte bežali2 | bȕdū bežali2 | |
| Past | Perfect | bežao sam2 | bežao si2 | bežao je2 | bežali smo2 | bežali ste2 | bežali su2 |
| Pluperfect3 | bȉo sam bežao2 | bȉo si bežao2 | bȉo je bežao2 | bíli smo bežali2 | bíli ste bežali2 | bíli su bežali2 | |
| Imperfect | bežah | bežaše | bežaše | bežasmo | bežaste | bežahu | |
| Conditional I | bežao bih2 | bežao bi2 | bežao bi2 | bežali bismo2 | bežali biste2 | bežali bi2 | |
| Conditional II4 | bȉo bih bežao2 | bȉo bi bežao2 | bȉo bi bežao2 | bíli bismo bežali2 | bíli biste bežali2 | bíli bi bežali2 | |
| Imperative | — | beži | — | bežimo | bežite | — | |
| Active past participle | bežao m / bežala f / bežalo n | bežali m / bežale f / bežala n | |||||
| 1 Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. 2 For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. 3 Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. 4 Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. | |||||||
Derived terms
- nabèžati
- razbèžati
Slovene
Alternative forms
- bejshati (Bohorič spelling)
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *běžati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bēˀgjā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰégʷ-y-eh₂-ti, from *bʰegʷ-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɛʒàːti/
- Hyphenation: be‧žá‧ti
Verb
bežáti impf
- (intransitive) to flee, run away
- (intransitive, literary) to move quickly[→SSKJ]
- (intransitive, usually in imperative mood) to go
- Synonym: īti
- Beži v posteljo, ura je že enajst.
- Go to bed, it is already eleven o'clock.
- (intransitive) to pass
- Čas beži, ti pa le posedaš.
- Time is passing, but you are only sitting around.
Conjugation
Class III, accentual type III (accent is directly before the endings), imperfective
Infinitive bežáti (a-ti), l-participle bẹ́žał, béžał
| Long infinitive (usually only written, except in very formal contexts) | bežáti | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Short infinitive (in spoken formal language, colloquial) | bẹ́žat, béžat | ||
| Supine | bẹ́žat, béžat | ||
| l-participle | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| singular | bẹ́žał, béžał, bežáł[acc?] | bežȃla | bežálo |
| dual | bežála | bežáli | bežáli |
| plural | bežáli | bežále | bežála |
| n-/t-participle (passive participle) | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| singular | – | – | – |
| dual | – | – | – |
| plural | – | – | – |
| š-participle | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| singular | – | – | – |
| dual | – | – | – |
| plural | – | – | – |
| adverbial š-participle | – | ||
| True gerund | bežȃnje | ||
| Objectified gerund | – | ||
Present stem bežím (i-m)
| Present indicative | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| 1st person | bežím | bežíva, bežíma | bežímo |
| 2nd person | bežíš | bežíta, bežísta | bežíte, bežíste |
| 3rd person | beží | bežíta, bežísta | bežíjo, bežẹ́ |
| Imperative | |||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| 1st person | [[[[beži#Slovene|[[bẹ́ži]], béži]] | bežȋva, bežȋma | bežȋmo |
| 2nd person | bẹ́ži, béži | bežȋta | bežȋte |
| 3rd person | [[[[beži#Slovene|[[bẹ́ži]], béži]] | bežȋta | – |
| č-participle | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter , bežọ́ča | |
| singular | bežȅč, bežọ̄č | bežẹ́ča, bežọ́ča | bežẹ́če, bežọ́če |
| dual | bežẹ́ča, bežọ́ča | bežẹ́či, bežọ́či | bežẹ́či, bežọ́či |
| plural | bežẹ́či, bežọ́či | bežẹ́če, bežọ́če | bežẹ́ča, bežọ́ča |
| adverbial participles | |||
| č-participle | bežȅč, bežẹ̄č, bežọ̄č | ||
| e-participle | – | ||
- (obsolete)
Class III, accentual type IV (accent is not directly before infinitive ending and directly before present indicative endings), imperfective
Infinitive bẹ́žati (a-ti), l-participle bẹ́žał
| Long infinitive (usually only written, except in very formal contexts) | bẹ́žati | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Short infinitive (in spoken formal language, colloquial) | bẹ́žat | ||
| Supine | bẹ́žat | ||
| l-participle | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| singular | bẹ́žał | bežȃla | bežálo |
| dual | bežála | bežáli | bežáli |
| plural | bežáli | bežále | bežála |
| n-/t-participle (passive participle) | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| singular | – | – | – |
| dual | – | – | – |
| plural | – | – | – |
| š-participle | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| singular | – | – | – |
| dual | – | – | – |
| plural | – | – | – |
| adverbial š-participle | – | ||
| True gerund | bẹ́žanje | ||
| Objectified gerund | – | ||
Present stem bežím (i-m)
| Present indicative | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| 1st person | bežím | bežíva, bežíma | bežímo |
| 2nd person | bežíš | bežíta, bežísta | bežíte, bežíste |
| 3rd person | beží | bežíta, bežísta | bežíjo, bežẹ́ |
| Imperative | |||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| 1st person | [[[[beži#Slovene|[[bẹ́ži]], béži]] | bežȋva, bežȋma | bežȋmo |
| 2nd person | bẹ́ži, béži | bežȋta | bežȋte |
| 3rd person | [[[[beži#Slovene|[[bẹ́ži]], béži]] | bežȋta | – |
| č-participle | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter , bežọ́ča | |
| singular | bežȅč, bežọ̄č | bežẹ́ča, bežọ́ča | bežẹ́če, bežọ́če |
| dual | bežẹ́ča, bežọ́ča | bežẹ́či, bežọ́či | bežẹ́či, bežọ́či |
| plural | bežẹ́či, bežọ́či | bežẹ́če, bežọ́če | bežẹ́ča, bežọ́ča |
| adverbial participles | |||
| č-participle | bežȅč, bežẹ̄č, bežọ̄č | ||
| e-participle | – | ||
Derived terms
- bẹ̑g
- bẹ́gati
- bẹ́gniti
- begȗnec
- begȗnka
- bẹ́žen
- izbẹ́gniti
- pobẹ́gniti
- prebẹ́gniti
- pribežalȋšče
- pribežáti
- razbežáti
- ubegati
- ubẹ̑gniti
- ubežáti
- zbežáti
- ubẹ́žen
- ubẹ̑žnik
- zbẹ́gati
Further reading
- “bežati”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
- “bežati”, in Termania, Amebis
- See also the general references