サ行変格活用

サ行変格活用

Japanese

Kanji in this term
行	変	格	活	用
ぎょう Grade: 2	へん Grade: 4	かく Grade: 5	かつ Grade: 2	よう Grade: 2
on’yomi

Etymology

A compound of サ行 (sagyō, “s-line”), 変格 (henkaku, “irregular”), and 活用 (katsuyō, “conjugation”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sa̠ɡʲo̞ː hẽ̞ŋka̠kɯ̟ᵝ ka̠t͡sɨᵝjo̞ː]

• (Tokyo) サ​ぎょー [sáꜜgyòò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
• IPA^(key): [sa̠ɡʲo̞ː]

• On’yomi: Kan’on
  • (Tokyo) へんかくか​つよー [hèńkákú káꜜtsùyòò] (Nakadaka – [5])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [hẽ̞ŋka̠kɯ̟ᵝ ka̠t͡sɨᵝjo̞ː]

Noun

サ行変格活用 (hiragana and katakana サぎょうへんかくかつよう, rōmaji sagyō henkaku katsuyō, historical hiragana サぎやうへんかくくわつよう)

1. (grammar) s-irregular conjugation; a verbal conjugation class in which the verb stem ends in s- with the following irregular inflections: e/i/u/uru/ure/e[yo], with minor variation over time. Example:

	Irrealis	Adverbial	Conclusive	Attributive	Realis	Imperative
s- "to do"	s-e	sh-i	s-u	s-uru	s-ure	s-e[yo]

Related terms

• 五段活用 (ごだんかつよう) (godan katsuyō)
• 上一段活用 (かみいちだんかつよう) (kami ichidan katsuyō)
• 上二段活用 (かみにだんかつよう) (kami nidan katsuyō)
• カ行変格活用 (ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (kagyō henkaku katsuyō)
• ナ行変格活用 (ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (nagyō henkaku katsuyō)
• ラ行変格活用 (ぎょうへんかくかつよう) (ragyō henkaku katsuyō)
• 下一段活用 (しもいちだんかつよう) (shimo ichidan katsuyō)
• 下二段活用 (しもにだんかつよう) (shimo nidan katsuyō)
• 四段活用 (よだんかつよう) (yodan katsuyō)

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9