ま

ま

ま U+307E, ま HIRAGANA LETTER MA ← ぽ [U+307D] Hiragana み → [U+307F]

Japanese

Stroke order

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ma̠]

Etymology 1

Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 末 in the cursive sōsho style.

Syllable

ま (romaji ma)

1. The hiragana syllable ま (ma). Its equivalent in katakana is マ (ma). It is the thirty-first syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ま行あ段 (ma-gyō a-dan, “row ma, section a”).

See also

• (Hiragana) 平仮名; あぁ, いぃ, うぅゔ, えぇ, おぉ, かゕが, きぎ, くぐ, けゖげ, こ𛄲ご, さざ, しじ, すず, せぜ, そぞ, ただ, ちぢ, つっづ, てで, とど, な, に, ぬ, ね, の, はばぱ, ひびぴ, ふぶぷ, へべぺ, ほぼぽ, ま, み, む, め, も, やゃ, 𛀆, ゆゅ, 𛀁, よょ, らら゚, りり゚, るる゚, れれ゚, ろろ゚, わゎわ゙, ゐ𛅐ゐ゙, 𛄟, ゑ𛅑ゑ゙, を𛅒を゙, ん, ー, ゝ, ゞ, ゟ

Etymology 2

Alternative spelling
間

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ま [mà] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [ma̠]

Noun

ま • (ma) 

1. 間: space; room

Synonyms

• 中(なか) (naka)

Derived terms

• 床(とこ)の間(ま) (toko no ma)
• 茶(ちゃ)の間(ま) (cha no ma)
• 束(つか)の間(ま) (tsuka no ma)
• 間(ま)に合(あ)う (ma ni au)
• 間(ま)もなく (ma mo naku)

Etymology 3

Alternative spelling
目

From Old Japanese[3]. Appears to be the older, bound form of 目 (me₂). See that entry for further details.

Probably cognate with 見る (miru, “to see”) and 芽 (me, “bud”). Never found in isolation in modern Japanese. Remains as the first syllable of various compounds.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ma̠]

Noun

ま • (ma) 

1. め: prefixal bound form of め (me, “eye”)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 前(まえ) (mae)
• 瞬(まじろ)ぐ (majirogu, “to blink, wink”)
• 瞬(またた)く (matataku, “to blink, wink”)
• 睫(まつげ) (matsuge, “eyelash”)
• 眼(まな)間(かい) (manakai, “between one's eyes”)
• 眼(まなこ) (manako, “eyeball”)
• 眼(まな)差(ざ)し (manazashi, “look, gaze”)
• 眦(まなじり) (manajiri, “corner of the eye”)
• まのあたり (manoatari, “just before one's eyes”)
• 瞬(まばた)く (mabataku, “to blink, wink”)
• 目(ま)深(ぶか) (mabuka, “wearing low over one's eyes”)
• 瞼(まぶた) (mabuta), 瞼(まなぶた) (manabuta, “eyelid”)
• 眉(まみえ) (mamie, “eyebrow”)
• 眉(まゆ) (mayu, “eyebrow”)

Etymology 4

Alternative spelling
真

From Old Japanese. Attested since at least the Kojiki of 712 CE.[3]

Pronunciation

(noun):

• (Tokyo) ま [mà] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [ma̠]

(prefix):

• IPA^(key): [ma̠]

(pitch accent depends on the entire prefixed word)

Noun

ま • (ma) 

1. [from 712] 真: the truth, reality, genuineness

   Synonyms: 真実 (shinjitsu), 本当 (hontō)

Idioms

• 真(ま)に受(う)ける (ma ni ukeru)

Prefix

ま • (ma-) 

1. [from 720] 真: real, genuine

   真(ま)心(ごころ) ― magokoro ― one's real mind, one's real thoughts and feelings about something

2. [from 759] 真: pure, unadulterated

   真(ま)白(しろ) ― mashiro ― pure white

3. [from 1595] 真: definitely, certainly, exactly, precisely, directly

   真(ま)上(うえ) ― maue ― directly above

4. [date unknown] 真: true, real, main (appended to words for animals or plants to indicate the representative type)

   真(ま)竹(たけ) ― matake ― true bamboo

5. [from 759] 真: (archaic, possibly obsolete, honorific) great, excellent

   真(ま)熊(くま)野(の) ― makumano ― great Kumano

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 真(ま)赤(あか) (maaka), 真(ま)っ赤(か) (makka)
• 真(ま)新(あたら)しい (maatarashī)
• 真(ま)一(いち)文(もん)字(じ) (maichimonji)
• 真(ま)上(うえ) (maue)
• 真(ま)後(うし)ろ (maushiro)
• 真(ま)顔(がお) (magao)
• 真(ま)仮(が)名(な) (magana)
• 真(ま)鴨(がも) (magamo)
• 真(ま)木(き), 槙(まき) (maki)
• 真(ま)北(きた) (makita)
• 真(ま)際(ぎわ) (magiwa)
• 真(ま)っ暗(くら) (makkura)
• 真(ま)っ暗(くら)闇(やみ) (makkurayami)
• 真(ま)黒(くろ) (makuro), 真(ま)っ黒(くろ) (makkuro)
• 真(ま)っ黒(くろ)い (makkuroi)
• 真(ま)桑(くわ)瓜(うり) (makuwauri)
• 真(ま)鯉(ごい) (magoi)
• 真(ま)っ向(こう) (makkō)
• 真(ま)心(ごころ) (magokoro)
• 真(ま)菰(こも) (makomo)
• 真(ま)っ最(さい)中(ちゅう) (massaichū, “in full swing, in the midst”)
• 真(ま)盛(さか)り (masakari), 真(ま)っ盛(さか)り (massakari)
• 真(ま)青(さお) (masao), 真(ま)っ青(さお) (massao)
• 真(ま)逆(さか) (masaka)
• 真(ま)逆様(さかさま) (masakasama), 真(ま)っ逆様(さかさま) (massakasama)
• 真(ま)っ先(さき) (massaki)
• 真(ま)砂(さご) (masago)
• 真(ま)四(し)角(かく) (mashikaku)
• 驀地(まっしぐら) (masshigura)
• 真(ま)下(した) (mashita)
• 真(ま)清水(しみず) (mashimizu)
• 真(ま)正(しょう)直(じき) (mashōjiki), 真(ま)っ正(しょう)直(じき) (masshōjiki)
• 真(ま)正(しょう)面(めん) (mashōmen), 真(ま)っ正(しょう)面(めん) (masshōmen)
• 真(ま)白(しろ) (mashiro), 真(ま)っ白(しろ) (masshiro)
• 真(ま)白(しろ)い (mashiroi), 真(ま)っ白(しろ)い (masshiroi)
• 真(ま)っ直(す)ぐ (massugu)
• 真(ま)鯛(だい) (madai)
• 真(ま)竹(だけ) (madake)
• 真(ま)っ只(ただ)中(なか) (mattadanaka)
• 真(ま)土(つち) (matsuchi)
• 真(ま)艫(とも) (matomo)
• 真(ま)面(とも) (matomo)
• 真(ま)名(な) (mana)
• 真(ま)魚(な) (mana)
• 真(ま)中(なか) (manaka), 真(ま)ん中(なか) (mannaka)
• 真(ま)夏(なつ) (manatsu)
• 真(ま)西(にし) (manishi)
• 真(ま)人(にん)間(げん) (maningen)
• 真(ま)似(ね) (mane)
• 真(ま)似(ね)る (maneru)
• 真(ま)裸(はだか) (mahadaka), 真(ま)っ裸(ぱだか) (mappadaka)
• 真(ま)平(ひら) (mahira), 真(ま)っ平(ぴら) (mappira)
• 真(ま)昼(ひる) (mahiru)
• 真(ま)東(ひがし) (mahigashi)
• 真(ま)昼(ひる) (mahiru)
• 真(ま)二(ふた)つ (mafutatsu)
• 真(ま)冬(ふゆ) (mafuyu)
• 真(ま)帆(ほ) (maho)
• 真(ま)ん前(まえ) (manmae)
• 真(ま)ん丸(まる), 真(ま)ん円(まる) (manmaru)
• 真(ま)ん丸(まる)い, 真(ま)ん円(まる)い (manmarui)
• 真(ま)水(みず) (mamizu)
• 真(ま)南(みなみ) (maminami)
• 真(ま)向(む)かい, 真(ま)向(むか)い (mamukai)
• 真(ま)向(む)き (mamuki)
• 真(ま)物(もの) (mamono)
• 真(ま)夜(よ) (mayo)
• 真(ま)横(よこ) (mayoko)
• 真(ま)夜(よ)中(なか) (mayonaka)
• 真(ま)綿(わた) (mawata)

Etymology 5

For pronunciation and definitions of ま – see the following entry.

【魔】S [affix] demon, devil, evil spirit, evil influence

(This term, ま, is an alternative spelling of the above Sino-Japanese term. For a list of all kanji read as ま, not just those used in Japanese terms, see Category:Japanese kanji read as ま.)

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
3. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan