ぴかぴか
See also: ひかひか and びかびか
Japanese
Etymology
/fikafika/ → /pikapika/
First attested as ひかひか (fikafika) in the 1595 Dictionarivm Latino Lvsitanicvm, ac Iaponicvm (“Dictionary from Latin into Portuguese, and Japanese”).[1]
Reduplication of the ひか (hika-) root of Old Japanese-derived verb 光る (hikaru, “to shine, to gleam”).
Pronunciation 1
- (Tokyo) ぴかぴか [pìkáꜜpìkà] (Nakadaka – [2])[2]
- (Tokyo) ぴかぴか [píꜜkàpìkà] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
- IPA(key): [pʲika̠pʲika̠]
Adverb
ぴかぴか or ピカピカ • (pikapika)
- (onomatopoeia) glitteringly, sparklingly
Usage notes
Generally used without a particle:
- ぴかぴか光る宝石 ― pikapika hikaru hōseki ― a sparklingly shining jewel
Sometimes encountered with the adverbial particle と (to):
- ぴかぴかと光る宝石 ― pikapika to hikaru hōseki ― a sparklingly shining jewel
Derived terms
- ぴっかぴか (pikkapika)
- ピカチュウ (Pikachū, “Pikachu”)
- ぴかつく (pikatsuku)
Descendants
- →⇒ Korean: 삐까삐까 (ppikkappikka, “equally matched, nip and tuck”)
See also
- ひかひか (hikahika)
- びかびか (bikabika)
Pronunciation 2
- (Tokyo) ぴかぴか [pìkápíká] (Heiban – [0])[2][3]
- IPA(key): [pʲika̠pʲika̠]
Adjective
ぴかぴか or ピカピカ • (pikapika) -na (adnominal ぴかぴかな (pikapika na), adverbial ぴかぴかに (pikapika ni))
- shiny, glossy
- ぴかぴかなグラス ― pikapika na gurasu ― a shiny drinking glass
- ピカピカの一年生 ― pikapika no ichinensei ― a shiny, fresh first-year student
Inflection
Inflection of ぴかぴか
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | ぴかぴかだろ | pikapika daro | |
Continuative (連用形) | ぴかぴかで | pikapika de | |
Terminal (終止形) | ぴかぴかだ | pikapika da | |
Attributive (連体形) | ぴかぴかな | pikapika na | |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | ぴかぴかなら | pikapika nara | |
Imperative (命令形) | ぴかぴかであれ | pikapika de are | |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | ぴかぴかではない ぴかぴかじゃない | pikapika de wa nai pikapika ja nai | |
Informal past | ぴかぴかだった | pikapika datta | |
Informal negative past | ぴかぴかではなかった ぴかぴかじゃなかった | pikapika de wa nakatta pikapika ja nakatta | |
Formal | ぴかぴかです | pikapika desu | |
Formal negative | ぴかぴかではありません ぴかぴかじゃありません | pikapika de wa arimasen pikapika ja arimasen | |
Formal past | ぴかぴかでした | pikapika deshita | |
Formal negative past | ぴかぴかではありませんでした ぴかぴかじゃありませんでした | pikapika de wa arimasen deshita pikapika ja arimasen deshita | |
Conjunctive | ぴかぴかで | pikapika de | |
Conditional | ぴかぴかなら(ば) | pikapika nara (ba) | |
Provisional | ぴかぴかだったら | pikapika dattara | |
Volitional | ぴかぴかだろう | pikapika darō | |
Adverbial | ぴかぴかに | pikapika ni | |
Degree | ぴかぴかさ | pikapikasa |
Derived terms
Derived terms
- ぴっかぴか (pikkapika)
- 光一 (pikaichi)
- 金ぴか (kinpika)
- つるぴか (tsurupika)
- 安ぴか (yasupika)
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan; source text visible online here, in the Coruscus entry, third down in the left-hand column, in the adverbial form ficaficato
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN