なば

Japanese

Etymology 1

Compound of な (na, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “irrealis form”) of ぬ (nu, particle of perfect tense)) +‎ ば (ba, conditional suffix).[1][2]

First cited in the Man'yōshū of 759.[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [na̠ba̠]

Suffix

なば • (-naba)

[from 759] (Classical Japanese) used for anticipating and assuming how something goes when the matter is completed
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 15, poem 3710)
  之保(しほ)非(ひ)奈婆(なば)　麻多(また)母(も)和礼(われ)許牟(こむ)　伊射(いざ)遊賀武(ゆかむ)　於伎都(おきつ)志保佐為(しほさゐ)　多可久(たかく)多知伎奴(たちきぬ) [Man'yōgana]
  潮(しほ)干(ひ)なば　またも我(われ)来(こ)む　いざ行(ゆ)かむ　沖(おき)つ潮騒(しほさゐ)　高(たか)く立(た)ち来(き)ぬ [Modern spelling]
  <Sipo pi₂naba mata mo₂ ware ko₂mu iza yukamu oki₁ tu siposawi takaku tatiki₁nu>
  → Shio hinaba mata mo ware komu iza yukamu oki tsu shiosai takaku tachikinu
  When the tide ebbeth, I'll come here again; now 'tis time to go, offshore whitecaps have come arisen high.
[from 759] (Classical Japanese) used to state the speaker's expectation if something were the case certainly
- 1739, Ishida Baigan (石田梅岩), Tohi Mondō (都鄙問答):
  心(こころ)だにまことの道(みち)にかなひなば祈(いの)らずとても神(かみ)や守(まも)らん
  kokoro dani makoto no michi ni kanainaba inorazu tote mo kami ya mamoran
  If at least thine heart agreeth with the true path, the god will save thee even if thou prayest not.

Etymology 2

According to one theory, short for 蘖(なばえ) (nabae, “a bud growing from the tree stump”), a compound made from 菜(な) (na, “greens, vegetables”) and 生(は)え (hae, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 生(は)える (haeru, “to spring up, to sprout”).).

Cognate with Okinawan なーば (nāba, “mushroom”) and Miyako なば (naba, “dirt, filth; scurf on body skin”). Accent comparison supports existence of Proto-Japonic *nanpa.

First cited to a text from 1275.[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [na̠ba̠]

Noun

なば • (naba)

[from 1275] 茸: (dialectal, Chūgoku, Kyūshū, western part of Shikoku) mushroom
Synonym: 茸 (kinoko /きのこ/)
- 1275, Myōgoki (名語記):
  又(マタ)茸(クサヒラ) _ヲ鎮西(チンゼイ) _ナトニハ「ナ〪ハ〫〫」 _トイヘリ
  mata kusahira o Chinzei nado ni wa "nàbá" to ieri
  Also, kusahira [old name of "mushroom"] is called "naba" (with <LH> tone) in Chinzei (Kyushu) etc.
今晩(こんばん)、なば煮(に)ちゃろういね。
Konban, naba nicharōine.
Tonight, I'm goin' to boil mushrooms for ye. (Shimonoseki dialect)
くそなば ― kusonaba ― (Hiroshima dialect): inedible mushrooms (literally, “shitty mushrooms”)

References

“なば”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
“なば”, in デジタル大辞泉 (Dejitaru Daijisen)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

[KDJ2-1] “なば”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN

[DDJS-2] “なば”, in デジタル大辞泉 (Dejitaru Daijisen)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

单词	なば
释义	なば Japanese Etymology 1 Compound of な (na, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “irrealis form”) of ぬ (nu, particle of perfect tense)) +‎ ば (ba, conditional suffix).[1][2] First cited in the Man'yōshū of 759.[1] Pronunciation IPA^(key): [na̠ba̠] Suffix なば • (-naba) [from 759] (Classical Japanese) used for anticipating and assuming how something goes when the matter is completed c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 15, poem 3710) 之保(しほ)非(ひ)奈婆(なば)　麻多(また)母(も)和礼(われ)許牟(こむ)　伊射(いざ)遊賀武(ゆかむ)　於伎都(おきつ)志保佐為(しほさゐ)　多可久(たかく)多知伎奴(たちきぬ) [Man'yōgana] 潮(しほ)干(ひ)なば　またも我(われ)来(こ)む　いざ行(ゆ)かむ　沖(おき)つ潮騒(しほさゐ)　高(たか)く立(た)ち来(き)ぬ [Modern spelling] <Sipo pi₂naba mata mo₂ ware ko₂mu iza yukamu oki₁ tu siposawi takaku tatiki₁nu> → Shio hinaba mata mo ware komu iza yukamu oki tsu shiosai takaku tachikinu When the tide ebbeth, I'll come here again; now 'tis time to go, offshore whitecaps have come arisen high. [from 759] (Classical Japanese) used to state the speaker's expectation if something were the case certainly 1739, Ishida Baigan (石田梅岩), Tohi Mondō (都鄙問答): 心(こころ)だにまことの道(みち)にかなひなば祈(いの)らずとても神(かみ)や守(まも)らん kokoro dani makoto no michi ni kanainaba inorazu tote mo kami ya mamoran If at least thine heart agreeth with the true path, the god will save thee even if thou prayest not. Etymology 2 According to one theory, short for 蘖(なばえ) (nabae, “a bud growing from the tree stump”), a compound made from 菜(な) (na, “greens, vegetables”) and 生(は)え (hae, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 生(は)える (haeru, “to spring up, to sprout”).). Cognate with Okinawan なーば (nāba, “mushroom”) and Miyako なば (naba, “dirt, filth; scurf on body skin”). Accent comparison supports existence of Proto-Japonic nanpa. First cited to a text from 1275.[1] Pronunciation IPA^(key): [na̠ba̠] Noun なば • (naba) [from 1275] 茸: (dialectal, Chūgoku, Kyūshū, western part of Shikoku) mushroom Synonym: 茸 (kinoko /きのこ/) 1275, Myōgoki (名語記): 又(マタ)茸(クサヒラ) _ヲ鎮西(チンゼイ) _ナトニハ「ナ〪ハ〫〫」 _トイヘリ mata kusahira o Chinzei nado ni wa "nàbá" to ieri* Also, kusahira [old name of "mushroom"] is called "naba" (with <LH> tone) in Chinzei (Kyushu) etc. 今晩(こんばん)、なば煮(に)ちゃろういね。 Konban, naba* nicharōine.* Tonight, I'm goin' to boil mushrooms for ye. (Shimonoseki dialect) くそなば ― kusonaba ― (Hiroshima dialect): inedible mushrooms (literally, “shitty mushrooms”) References “なば”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN “なば”, in デジタル大辞泉 (Dejitaru Daijisen)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
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