かげろう
Japanese
Etymology 1
Derived as a verb from the noun 陽炎 (kagerō, “heat haze, heat shimmer”).[1]
The shadow sense may derive instead from verb 陰る (kageru, “to become shady, to become shadowed”), as kagera (the 未然形 mizenkei, “imperfective form”) + ふ (fu, auxiliary verb indicating repeated or continuous action): /kaɡerafu/ → /kaɡerau/ → /kaɡerɔu/ → /kaɡerou/
That said, the kage in kageru is ultimately cognate with the kage in the noun kagerō.
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) かげろー [kàgéróó] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA(key): [ka̠ɡe̞ɾo̞ː]
Verb
かげろう (intransitive, yodan conjugation, rōmaji kagerou)
- (archaic) to shimmer, to flicker
- (archaic) to become shadowed, to fall into shadow
Usage notes
Only listed with 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō, “quadrigrade conjugation”),[1][2] one of the conjugation patterns for Classical Japanese, indicating that this fell out of common use before the modern period. Note that the Volitional form in the table below should therefore be かげろわう kagerowau instead.
Conjugation
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | かげろわ | kagerowa | |
| Continuative (連用形) | かげろい | kageroi | |
| Terminal (終止形) | かげろう | kagerou | |
| Attributive (連体形) | かげろう | kagerou | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | かげろえ | kageroe | |
| Imperative (命令形) | かげろえ | kageroe | |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | かげろわれる | kagerowareru | |
| Causative | かげろわせる かげろわす | kagerowaseru kagerowasu | |
| Potential | かげろえる | kageroeru | |
| Volitional | かげろおう | kageroō | |
| Negative | かげろわない | kagerowanai | |
| Negative continuative | かげろわず | kagerowazu | |
| Formal | かげろいます | kageroimasu | |
| Perfective | かげろった | kagerotta | |
| Conjunctive | かげろって | kagerotte | |
| Hypothetical conditional | かげろえば | kageroeba | |
Etymology 2
Reading of various kanji compounds.
Noun
かげろう (rōmaji kagerō)
- 陰郎: during the Edo period, a boy kabuki actor who has not yet appeared on stage; a boy prostitute at banquets
- 陽炎: heat shimmer, heat haze
- 蜉蝣, 蜻蛉: a mayfly or dayfly; ephemera, something ephemeral or fleeting
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN