ῥομφαία
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Thracian *rhompháia (“javelin, throwing spear”).[1] However the ending in "-αία" is also found in many Greek terms and the word has been linked with ῥομφεῖς (rhompheîs, “straps by which shoes are stitched”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /r̥om.pʰǎi̯.aː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /romˈpʰɛ.a/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /romˈɸɛ.a/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /romˈfe.a/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /romˈfe.a/
Noun
ῥομφαίᾱ • (rhomphaíā) f (genitive ῥομφαίᾱς); first declension
- large, broad sword used by the Thracians
Inflection
First declension of ἡ ῥομφαίᾱ; τῆς ῥομφαίᾱς (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ ῥομφαίᾱ hē rhomphaíā | τὼ ῥομφαίᾱ tṑ rhomphaíā | αἱ ῥομφαῖαι hai rhomphaîai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς ῥομφαίᾱς tês rhomphaíās | τοῖν ῥομφαίαιν toîn rhomphaíain | τῶν ῥομφαιῶν tôn rhomphaiôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ ῥομφαίᾳ têi rhomphaíāi | τοῖν ῥομφαίαιν toîn rhomphaíain | ταῖς ῥομφαίαις taîs rhomphaíais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν ῥομφαίᾱν tḕn rhomphaíān | τὼ ῥομφαίᾱ tṑ rhomphaíā | τᾱ̀ς ῥομφαίᾱς tā̀s rhomphaíās | ||||||||||
Vocative | ῥομφαίᾱ rhomphaíā | ῥομφαίᾱ rhomphaíā | ῥομφαῖαι rhomphaîai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Descendants
- Latin: rhomphaea
References
- Duridanov, Ivan Vasiliev (1985) Die Sprache der Thraker [The Language of the Thracians] (in German), Hieronymus Verlag, →ISBN, page 13
Further reading
- “ῥομφαία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ῥομφαία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN