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单词 ῥαίνω
释义

ῥαίνω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *uh₁r-. Cognates include Latin ūrīnor, Old Armenian գայռ (gayṙ), and Sanskrit वार् (vā́r), वारि (vā́ri).

Pronunciation

 
  • (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /r̥ǎi̯.nɔː/
  • (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈrɛ.no/
  • (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈrɛ.no/
  • (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈre.no/
  • (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈre.no/

Verb

ῥαίνω (rhaínō)

  1. I sprinkle
    Synonyms: πᾰλῠ́νω (palúnō), πᾰ́σσω (pássō), ῥᾰντῐ́ζω (rhantízō)
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.431:
      πάντῃ δὴ πύργοι καὶ ἐπάλξιες αἵματι φωτῶν ἐρράδατ’ ἀμφοτέρωθεν
      pántēi dḕ púrgoi kaì epálxies haímati phōtôn errhádat’ amphotérōthen
      Yea, everywhere the walls and battlements were sprinkled with blood of men from both sides
    • 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 1441:
      εἰ ναυμαχοῖεν κᾆτ’ ἔχοντες ὀξίδας ῥαίνοιεν ἐς τὰ βλέφαρα τῶν ἐναντίων.
      ei naumakhoîen kâit’ ékhontes oxídas rhaínoien es tà bléphara tôn enantíōn.
      If there were a sea battle, and then they had bottles of vinegar, they could sprinkle them in the enemies' eyes.
    1. (figuratively)
      • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 8.57:
        χαίρων δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς
        Ἀλκμᾶνα στεφάνοισι βάλλω, ῥαίνω δὲ καὶ ὕμνῳ
        khaírōn dè kaì autòs
        Alkmâna stephánoisi bállō, rhaínō dè kaì húmnōi
        And I myself rejoice as I fling garlands over Alcmaeon and sprinkle him with song
    2. I sprinkle water
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 620a.12
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Meteorology 374b.1

Inflection

Other forms attested: Epic third-person plural perfect indicative passive ἐρράδαται and similar pluperfect ἐρράδατο.

Synonyms

  • ῥᾰθαίνω (rhathaínō)
  • ῥᾰθᾰμίζω (rhathamízō)
  • ῥᾰθάσσω (rhathássō)
  • ῥᾰνίζω (rhanízō)
  • ῥαντίζω (rhantízō)

Derived terms

  • αἱμόρραντος (haimórrhantos)
  • ἁλίρραντος (halírrhantos)
  • ᾰ̓ναρραίνω (anarrhaínō)
  • ᾰ̓πορραίνω (aporrhaínō)
  • ἄρραντος (árrhantos)
  • δῐαρραίνω (diarrhaínō)
  • ἐκραίνω (ekraínō)
  • ἐπιρραίνω (epirrhaínō)
  • κᾰταρραίνω (katarrhaínō)
  • μῠρόρραντος (murórrhantos)
  • νεόρραντος (neórrhantos)
  • πᾰραρραίνω (pararrhaínō)
  • περιρραίνω (perirrhaínō)
  • ποτιρραίνω (potirrhaínō)
  • προρραίνω (prorrhaínō)
  • ῥᾰνῐ́ς (rhanís)
  • ῥαντήρ (rhantḗr)
  • ῥαντήρῐος (rhantḗrios)
  • ῥάντης (rhántēs)
  • ῥαντίζω (rhantízō)
  • ῥάντισμᾰ (rhántisma)
  • ῥαντισμός (rhantismós)
  • ῥαντός (rhantós)
  • ῥαντρῐ́ς (rhantrís)
  • ῥάσμᾰ (rhásma)

Further reading

  • ῥαίνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • ῥαίνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • ῥαίνω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • ῥαίνω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • ῥαίνω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • ῥαίνω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
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