ῥάχις
Ancient Greek
Etymology
According to Beekes of Pre-Greek origin or related to Lithuanian ražis (“stubble”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /r̥á.kʰis/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈra.kʰis/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈra.çis/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈra.çis/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈra.çis/
Noun
ῥάχῐς • (rhákhis) f (genitive ῥάχῐος or ῥάχεως); third declension
- chine, lower part of the back
- (anatomy) spine or backbone
- anything ridged like a backbone:
- ridge of a hill or mountain
- bridge of the nose
- (botany) midrib of a leaf
- sharp projection on the middle of the shoulder blade
- outer edge of the arm of the polypus
Inflection
Third declension of ἡ ῥᾰ́χῐς; τῆς ῥάχῐος (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ ῥᾰ́χῐς hē rhákhis | τὼ ῥᾰ́χει tṑ rhákhei | αἱ ῥᾰ́χεις hai rhákheis | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς ῥάχῐος / ῥάχεως tês rhákhios / rhákheōs | τοῖν ῥᾰχέοιν toîn rhakhéoin | τῶν ῥᾰ́χεων tôn rhákheōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ ῥάχει / ῥάχῑ têi rhákhei / rhákhī | τοῖν ῥᾰχέοιν toîn rhakhéoin | ταῖς ῥᾰ́χεσῐ / ῥᾰ́χεσῐν taîs rhákhesi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν ῥᾰ́χῐν tḕn rhákhin | τὼ ῥᾰ́χει tṑ rhákhei | τᾱ̀ς ῥᾰ́χεις tā̀s rhákheis | ||||||||||
Vocative | ῥᾰ́χῐ rhákhi | ῥᾰ́χει rhákhei | ῥᾰ́χεις rhákheis | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- ῥαχιαῖος (rhakhiaîos)
- ῥαχίζω (rhakhízō)
- ῥαχιστής (rhakhistḗs)
- ῥαχιστός (rhakhistós)
- ῥαχίτης (rhakhítēs)
Descendants
- Greek: ράχη (ráchi)
- → English: rachis
- → Italian: rachide
Further reading
- “ῥάχις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ῥάχις”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ῥάχις”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ῥάχις in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ῥάχις in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN