ὕδρα

See also: Ύδρα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ῠ̔́δρη (húdrē) – Ionic

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *údrā, from Proto-Indo-European *udréh₂, the feminine form of *udrós, from the root *wed-. See also Mycenaean Greek 𐀄𐀈𐀫 (u-do-ro). Cognate with English otter and Sanskrit उद्र (udrá), Czech vydra, Russian вы́дра (výdra), Lithuanian ūdra, Latin lutra.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hý.draː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈ(h)y.dra/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈy.ðra/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈy.ðra/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ðra/

Noun

ῠ̔́δρᾱ • (húdrā) f (genitive ῠ̔́δρᾱς); first declension

sea serpent
(astronomy) the constellation Hydra

Inflection

First declension of ἡ ῠ̔́δρᾱ; τῆς ῠ̔́δρᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ῠ̔́δρᾱ hē húdrā	τὼ ῠ̔́δρᾱ tṑ húdrā	αἱ ῠ̔́δραι hai húdrai
Genitive	τῆς ῠ̔́δρᾱς tês húdrās	τοῖν ῠ̔́δραιν toîn húdrain	τῶν ῠ̔δρῶν tôn hudrôn
Dative	τῇ ῠ̔́δρᾳ têi húdrāi	τοῖν ῠ̔́δραιν toîn húdrain	ταῖς ῠ̔́δραις taîs húdrais
Accusative	τὴν ῠ̔́δρᾱν tḕn húdrān	τὼ ῠ̔́δρᾱ tṑ húdrā	τᾱ̀ς ῠ̔́δρᾱς tā̀s húdrās
Vocative	ῠ̔́δρᾱ húdrā	ῠ̔́δρᾱ húdrā	ῠ̔́δραι húdrai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

ῠ̔́δρος (húdros)

Descendants

→ English: hydra, Hydra
→ Latin: hydra
→ Russian: ги́дра f (gídra)

References

“ὕδρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ὕδρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- hydra idem, page 412.