ὄνομαι

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

οὔνομαι (oúnomai)

Etymology

Likely from Proto-Indo-European *h₃enh₂- (“to onerate, charge, burden; (perhaps) to name”); cognate with Hittite [script needed] (ḫannanzi, “to judge, charge, sue”).[1] According to Beekes, οὔνεσθε (oúnesthe) and the forms in ὀνα- (ona-) are secondary derivations, not based on the root ὀνο- (ono-).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ó.no.mai̯/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈo.no.mɛ/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.no.mɛ/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.no.me/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈo.no.me/

Verb

ὄνομαι • (ónomai)

to blame, scold; to find fault with, treat scornfully, attack verbally, vituperate, insult
to curse, throw a slur upon; to slander
to quarrel with, impugn

Inflection

Present: ὄνομαι (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὄνομαι	ὄνοσαι	ὄνεται	ὄνεσθον	ὄνεσθον	ὀνόμε(σ)θᾰ	ὄνεσθε	ὄνονται
	subjunctive	ὄνωμαι, ὀνώμαιμῐ	ὄνηαι, ὄνηαι	ὄνηται, ὀνήταισῐ	ὄνησθον	ὄνησθον	ὀνώμε(σ)θᾰ	ὄνησθε	ὄνωνται
	optative	ὀνοίμην	ὄνοιο	ὄνοιτο	ὄνοισθον	ὀνοίσθην	ὀνοίμε(σ)θᾰ	ὄνοισθε	ὀνοίᾰτο
	imperative		ὄνεο	ὀνέσθω	ὄνεσθον	ὀνέσθων		ὄνεσθε	ὀνέσθων

infinitive						ὄνεσθαι
participle	m					ὀνόμενος
	f					ὀνομένη
	n					ὀνόμενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ὠνόμην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὠνόμην	ὤνου	ὤνετο	ὤνεσθον	ὠνέσθην	ὠνόμε(σ)θᾰ	ὤνεσθε	ὤνοντο
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: ὀνόσσομαι (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὀνόσσομαι	ὀνόσσεαι	ὀνόσσεται	ὀνόσσεσθον	ὀνόσσεσθον	ὀνοσσόμε(σ)θᾰ	ὀνόσσεσθε	ὀνόσσονται
middle	optative	ὀνοσσοίμην	ὀνόσσοιο	ὀνόσσοιτο	ὀνόσσοισθον	ὀνοσσοίσθην	ὀνοσσοίμε(σ)θᾰ	ὀνόσσοισθε	ὀνοσσοίᾰτο
					middle
infinitive					ὀνόσσεσθαι
participle	m				ὀνοσσόμενος
	f				ὀνοσσομένη
	n				ὀνοσσόμενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ὠνοσᾰ́μην, ὠνόσθην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὠνοσᾰ́μην	ὠνόσω	ὠνόσᾰτο	ὠνόσᾰσθον	ὠνοσᾰ́σθην	ὠνοσᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ	ὠνόσᾰσθε	ὠνόσᾰντο
	subjunctive	ὀνόσωμαι, ὀνοσώμαιμῐ	ὀνόσηαι, ὀνόσηαι	ὀνόσηται, ὀνοσήταισῐ	ὀνόσησθον	ὀνόσησθον	ὀνοσώμε(σ)θᾰ	ὀνόσησθε	ὀνόσωνται
	optative	ὀνοσαίμην	ὀνόσαιο	ὀνόσαιτο	ὀνόσαισθον	ὀνοσαίσθην	ὀνοσαίμε(σ)θᾰ	ὀνόσαισθε	ὀνοσαίᾰτο
	imperative		ὄνοσαι	ὀνοσᾰ́σθω	ὀνόσᾰσθον	ὀνοσᾰ́σθων		ὀνόσᾰσθε	ὀνοσᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ὠνόσθην	ὠνόσθης	ὠνόσθη	ὠνόσθητον	ὠνοσθήτην	ὠνόσθημεν	ὠνόσθητε	ὠνόσθησᾰν, ὤνοσθεν
	subjunctive	ὀνοσθῶ, ὀνοσθῶμῐ	ὀνοσθῇς, ὀνοσθῇσθᾰ	ὀνοσθῇ, ὀνοσθῇσῐ	ὀνοσθῆτον	ὀνοσθῆτον	ὀνοσθῶμεν	ὀνοσθῆτε	ὀνοσθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὀνοσθείην	ὀνοσθείης	ὀνοσθείη	ὀνοσθεῖτον, ὀνοσθείητον	ὀνοσθείτην, ὀνοσθειήτην	ὀνοσθεῖμεν, ὀνοσθείημεν	ὀνοσθεῖτε, ὀνοσθείητε	ὀνόσθειεν, ὀνοσθείησᾰν
	imperative		ὀνόσθητῐ	ὀνοσθήτω	ὀνόσθητον	ὀνοσθήτων		ὀνόσθητε	ὀνοσθέντων
					middle		passive
infinitive					ὀνόσᾰσθαι		ὀνοσθῆναι/ὀνοσθήμεναι
participle	m				ὀνοσᾰ́μενος		ὀνοσθείς
	f				ὀνοσᾰμένη		ὀνοσθεῖσᾰ
	n				ὀνοσᾰ́μενον		ὀνοσθέν
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ὀνοσᾰ́μην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὀνοσᾰ́μην	ὀνόσω	ὀνόσᾰτο	ὀνόσᾰσθον	ὀνοσᾰ́σθην	ὀνοσᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ	ὀνόσᾰσθε	ὀνόσᾰντο
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ὀνοσσᾰ́μην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὀνοσσᾰ́μην	ὀνόσσω	ὀνόσσᾰτο	ὀνόσσᾰσθον	ὀνοσσᾰ́σθην	ὀνοσσᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ	ὀνόσσᾰσθε	ὀνόσσᾰντο
	subjunctive	ὀνόσσωμαι, ὀνοσσώμαιμῐ	ὀνόσσηαι, ὀνόσσηαι	ὀνόσσηται, ὀνοσσήταισῐ	ὀνόσσησθον	ὀνόσσησθον	ὀνοσσώμε(σ)θᾰ	ὀνόσσησθε	ὀνόσσωνται
	optative	ὀνοσσαίμην	ὀνόσσαιο	ὀνόσσαιτο	ὀνόσσαισθον	ὀνοσσαίσθην	ὀνοσσαίμε(σ)θᾰ	ὀνόσσαισθε	ὀνοσσαίᾰτο
	imperative		ὄνοσσαι	ὀνοσσᾰ́σθω	ὀνόσσᾰσθον	ὀνοσσᾰ́σθων		ὀνόσσᾰσθε	ὀνοσσᾰ́σθων
					middle
infinitive					ὀνόσσᾰσθαι
participle	m				ὀνοσσᾰ́μενος
	f				ὀνοσσᾰμένη
	n				ὀνοσσᾰ́μενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ὠνᾰ́μην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὠνᾰ́μην	ὤνω	ὤνᾰτο	ὤνᾰσθον	ὠνᾰ́σθην	ὠνᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ	ὤνᾰσθε	ὤνᾰντο
	subjunctive	ὄνωμαι, ὀνώμαιμῐ	ὄνηαι, ὄνηαι	ὄνηται, ὀνήταισῐ	ὄνησθον	ὄνησθον	ὀνώμε(σ)θᾰ	ὄνησθε	ὄνωνται
	optative	ὀναίμην	ὄναιο	ὄναιτο	ὄναισθον	ὀναίσθην	ὀναίμε(σ)θᾰ	ὄναισθε	ὀναίᾰτο
	imperative		ὄναι	ὀνᾰ́σθω	ὄνᾰσθον	ὀνᾰ́σθων		ὄνᾰσθε	ὀνᾰ́σθων
					middle
infinitive					ὄνᾰσθαι
participle	m				ὀνᾰ́μενος
	f				ὀνᾰμένη
	n				ὀνᾰ́μενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

ὄνοσις (ónosis, “blame”)
ὀνοτάζω (onotázō)
ὀνοτός (onotós), ὀνοστός (onostós)
ὀνητά (onētá), ὀνητά μεμπτά (onētá memptá, “reproached”)

References

Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ὄνομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1085