ὀπώρα

Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 20 July 2015

Alternative forms

ὀπώρη (opṓrē) (Ionic)
ὀπάρα (opára)
ὁπώρα (hopṓra)

Etymology

Seems to be a contraction of an original *ὀποσάρα (*oposára), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)h₁ósr̥, a variant of *h₁ésō (“harvest season”) (root *(s)h₁es- (“crop, harvest”)) found also in Old Armenian ար-ա-ց (ar-a-cʿ). Other cognates include Russian о́сень (ósenʹ), Gothic 𐌰𐍃𐌰𐌽𐍃 (asans), and Old English earnian (English earn).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /o.pɔ̌ː.raː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /oˈpo.ra/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /oˈpo.ra/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /oˈpo.ra/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /oˈpo.ra/

Noun

ὀπώρᾱ • (opṓrā) f (genitive ὀπώρᾱς); first declension

the part of the year between the rising of Sirius and of Arcturus (i. e. the end of July, all August and part of September), the end of summer; later it was used for autumn
Coordinate terms: χειμών (kheimṓn), ἔαρ (éar), θέρος (théros)
fruit itself (extended from its use for the fruit-time)
(figuratively) summer-bloom; i.e. the bloom of youth

Inflection

First declension of ἡ ὀπώρᾱ; τῆς ὀπώρᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ὀπώρᾱ hē opṓrā	τὼ ὀπώρᾱ tṑ opṓrā	αἱ ὀπῶραι hai opôrai
Genitive	τῆς ὀπώρᾱς tês opṓrās	τοῖν ὀπώραιν toîn opṓrain	τῶν ὀπωρῶν tôn opōrôn
Dative	τῇ ὀπώρᾳ têi opṓrāi	τοῖν ὀπώραιν toîn opṓrain	ταῖς ὀπώραις taîs opṓrais
Accusative	τὴν ὀπώρᾱν tḕn opṓrān	τὼ ὀπώρᾱ tṑ opṓrā	τᾱ̀ς ὀπώρᾱς tā̀s opṓrās
Vocative	ὀπώρᾱ opṓrā	ὀπώρᾱ opṓrā	ὀπῶραι opôrai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.