ἵζω

See also: -ίζω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

*ἵσδω (*hísdō), ἵσδει (hísdei) – Doric (Alkman)

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *hízdō, from Proto-Indo-European *sísdeti, reduplicated imperfective form of Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“sit”). Cognates include Sanskrit सीदति (sī́dati), Latin sīdō and Umbrian 𐌔𐌉𐌔𐌈𐌖 (sisθu). Compare ἕζομαι (hézomai).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hí.zɔː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈ(h)i.zo/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.zo/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.zo/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈi.zo/

Verb

ἵζω • (hízō)

(transitive) to cause to sit, seat, place
(transitive, 1st aorist) to set up
(intransitive) to sit, sit down
(intransitive) to sit still, am quiet
(intransitive) to sink
(intransitive) to settle down

Usage notes

From a nonexistent active present *ἕζω (passive ἕζομαι) the following forms seem to be produced (later forms):

εἷσα (heîsa),
middle aorist εἱσάμην (heisámēn) (with the sense ἱδρύω (“dedicate temples statues”)),
middle future εἵσομαι (heísomai),
passive perfect εἷμαι (heîmai)

Inflection

Present: ῐ̔́ζω, ῐ̔́ζομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ῐ̔́ζω	ῐ̔́ζεις	ῐ̔́ζει	ῐ̔́ζετον	ῐ̔́ζετον	ῐ̔́ζομεν	ῐ̔́ζετε	ῐ̔́ζουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ῐ̔́ζω	ῐ̔́ζῃς	ῐ̔́ζῃ	ῐ̔́ζητον	ῐ̔́ζητον	ῐ̔́ζωμεν	ῐ̔́ζητε	ῐ̔́ζωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ῐ̔́ζοιμῐ	ῐ̔́ζοις	ῐ̔́ζοι	ῐ̔́ζοιτον	ῐ̔ζοίτην	ῐ̔́ζοιμεν	ῐ̔́ζοιτε	ῐ̔́ζοιεν
	imperative		ῐ̔́ζε	ῐ̔ζέτω	ῐ̔́ζετον	ῐ̔ζέτων		ῐ̔́ζετε	ῐ̔ζόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ῐ̔́ζομαι	ῐ̔́ζῃ, ῐ̔́ζει	ῐ̔́ζεται	ῐ̔́ζεσθον	ῐ̔́ζεσθον	ῐ̔ζόμεθᾰ	ῐ̔́ζεσθε	ῐ̔́ζονται
	subjunctive	ῐ̔́ζωμαι	ῐ̔́ζῃ	ῐ̔́ζηται	ῐ̔́ζησθον	ῐ̔́ζησθον	ῐ̔ζώμεθᾰ	ῐ̔́ζησθε	ῐ̔́ζωνται
	optative	ῐ̔ζοίμην	ῐ̔́ζοιο	ῐ̔́ζοιτο	ῐ̔́ζοισθον	ῐ̔ζοίσθην	ῐ̔ζοίμεθᾰ	ῐ̔́ζοισθε	ῐ̔́ζοιντο
	imperative		ῐ̔́ζου	ῐ̔ζέσθω	ῐ̔́ζεσθον	ῐ̔ζέσθων		ῐ̔́ζεσθε	ῐ̔ζέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ῐ̔́ζειν				ῐ̔́ζεσθαι
participle	m	ῐ̔́ζων				ῐ̔ζόμενος
	f	ῐ̔́ζουσᾰ				ῐ̔ζομένη
	n	ῐ̔́ζον				ῐ̔ζόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἷζον, ῑ̔ζόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἷζον	ἷζες	ἷζε(ν)	ῑ̔́ζετον	ῑ̔ζέτην	ῑ̔́ζομεν	ῑ̔́ζετε	ἷζον
middle/ passive	indicative	ῑ̔ζόμην	ῑ̔́ζου	ῑ̔́ζετο	ῑ̔́ζεσθον	ῑ̔ζέσθην	ῑ̔ζόμεθᾰ	ῑ̔́ζεσθε	ῑ̔́ζοντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ῑ̔́ζεσκον, ῑ̔ζεσκόμην (Ionic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ῑ̔́ζεσκον	ῑ̔́ζεσκες	ῑ̔́ζεσκε(ν)	ῑ̔ζέσκετον	ῑ̔ζεσκέτην	ῑ̔ζέσκομεν	ῑ̔ζέσκετε	ῑ̔́ζεσκον
middle/ passive	indicative	ῑ̔ζεσκόμην	ῑ̔ζέσκου	ῑ̔ζέσκετο	ῑ̔ζέσκεσθον	ῑ̔ζεσκέσθην	ῑ̔ζεσκόμεθᾰ	ῑ̔ζέσκεσθε	ῑ̔ζέσκοντο
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: εἷσᾰ, εἱσᾰ́μην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἷσᾰ	εἷσᾰς	εἷσε(ν)	εἵσᾰτον	εἱσᾰ́την	εἵσᾰμεν	εἵσᾰτε	εἷσᾰν
	subjunctive	εἵσω	εἵσῃς	εἵσῃ	εἵσητον	εἵσητον	εἵσωμεν	εἵσητε	εἵσωσῐ(ν)
	optative	εἵσαιμῐ	εἵσειᾰς, εἵσαις	εἵσειε(ν), εἵσαι	εἵσαιτον	εἱσαίτην	εἵσαιμεν	εἵσαιτε	εἵσειᾰν, εἵσαιεν
	imperative		εἷσον	εἱσᾰ́τω	εἵσᾰτον	εἱσᾰ́των		εἵσᾰτε	εἱσᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	εἱσᾰ́μην	εἵσω	εἵσᾰτο	εἵσᾰσθον	εἱσᾰ́σθην	εἱσᾰ́μεθᾰ	εἵσᾰσθε	εἵσᾰντο
	subjunctive	εἵσωμαι	εἵσῃ	εἵσηται	εἵσησθον	εἵσησθον	εἱσώμεθᾰ	εἵσησθε	εἵσωνται
	optative	εἱσαίμην	εἵσαιο	εἵσαιτο	εἵσαισθον	εἱσαίσθην	εἱσαίμεθᾰ	εἵσαισθε	εἵσαιντο
	imperative		εἷσαι	εἱσᾰ́σθω	εἵσᾰσθον	εἱσᾰ́σθων		εἵσᾰσθε	εἱσᾰ́σθων
		active			middle
infinitive		εἷσαι			εἵσᾰσθαι
participle	m	εἵσᾱς			εἱσᾰ́μενος
	f	εἵσᾱσᾰ			εἱσᾰμένη
	n	εἷσᾰν			εἱσᾰ́μενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ἵζησᾰ, ἱζησᾰ́μην (Koine)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἵζησᾰ	ἵζησᾰς	ἵζησε(ν)	ἱζήσᾰτον	ἱζησᾰ́την	ἱζήσᾰμεν	ἱζήσᾰτε	ἵζησᾰν
	subjunctive	ἱζήσω	ἱζήσῃς	ἱζήσῃ	ἱζήσητον	ἱζήσητον	ἱζήσωμεν	ἱζήσητε	ἱζήσωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἱζήσαιμῐ	ἱζήσειᾰς, ἱζήσαις	ἱζήσειε(ν), ἱζήσαι	ἱζήσαιτον	ἱζησαίτην	ἱζήσαιμεν	ἱζήσαιτε	ἱζήσειᾰν, ἱζήσαιεν
	imperative		ἵζησον	ἱζησᾰ́τω	ἱζήσᾰτον	ἱζησᾰ́των		ἱζήσᾰτε	ἱζησᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἱζησᾰ́μην	ἱζήσω	ἱζήσᾰτο	ἱζήσᾰσθον	ἱζησᾰ́σθην	ἱζησᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἱζήσᾰσθε	ἱζήσᾰντο
	subjunctive	ἱζήσωμαι	ἱζήσῃ	ἱζήσηται	ἱζήσησθον	ἱζήσησθον	ἱζησώμεθᾰ	ἱζήσησθε	ἱζήσωνται
	optative	ἱζησαίμην	ἱζήσαιο	ἱζήσαιτο	ἱζήσαισθον	ἱζησαίσθην	ἱζησαίμεθᾰ	ἱζήσαισθε	ἱζήσαιντο
	imperative		ἵζησαι	ἱζησᾰ́σθω	ἱζήσᾰσθον	ἱζησᾰ́σθων		ἱζήσᾰσθε	ἱζησᾰ́σθων
		active			middle
infinitive		ἱζῆσαι			ἱζήσᾰσθαι
participle	m	ἱζήσᾱς			ἱζησᾰ́μενος
	f	ἱζήσᾱσᾰ			ἱζησᾰμένη
	n	ἱζῆσᾰν			ἱζησᾰ́μενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Perfect: ἵζηκᾰ

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἵζηκᾰ	ἵζηκᾰς	ἵζηκε(ν)	ἱζήκᾰτον	ἱζήκᾰτον	ἱζήκᾰμεν	ἱζήκᾰτε	ἱζήκᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἱζήκω	ἱζήκῃς	ἱζήκῃ	ἱζήκητον	ἱζήκητον	ἱζήκωμεν	ἱζήκητε	ἱζήκωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἱζήκοιμῐ, ἱζηκοίην	ἱζήκοις, ἱζηκοίης	ἱζήκοι, ἱζηκοίη	ἱζήκοιτον	ἱζηκοίτην	ἱζήκοιμεν	ἱζήκοιτε	ἱζήκοιεν
	imperative		ἵζηκε	ἱζηκέτω	ἱζήκετον	ἱζηκέτων		ἱζήκετε	ἱζηκόντων
		active
infinitive		ἱζηκέναι
participle	m	ἱζηκώς
	f	ἱζηκυῖᾰ
	n	ἱζηκός
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Synonyms

κᾰθέζομαι (kathézomai), ἕζομαι (hézomai, “sit oneself, sit down”)
κᾰ́θημαι (káthēmai), ἧμαι (hêmai, “to be seated”)
κᾰθῐζᾰ́νω (kathizánō), ῐ̔ζᾰ́νω (hizánō, “to cause to sit, to sit down”)
κᾰθῐ́ζω (kathízō), ῐ̔́ζω (hízō, “to cause to sit, to sit down”)

Derived terms

εἰσίζομαι (eisízomai)
ἐνίζω (enízō)
ἐφίζω (ephízō)
ἱζάνω (hizánō)
καθίζω (kathízō)
μεταΐζω (metaḯzō)
παρίζω (parízō)
περιίζω (periízō)
προΐζομαι (proḯzomai)
προσίζω (prosízō)
συνίζω (sunízō)
ὑφίζω (huphízō)
ὠΐζω (ōḯzō)

Related terms

ἕδος (hédos)
ἕζομαι (hézomai)
ἧμαι (hêmai) (see inflection notes)

References

“ἵζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ἵζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“ἵζω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἵζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ἵζω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
“ἵζω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN