ἱδρόω
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- ἱδρώσσω (hidrṓssō)
- ἱδρώττω (hidrṓttō) – Attic
Etymology
From ἱδρώς (hidrṓs, “sweat”) + -όω (-óō).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hi.dró.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /(h)iˈdro.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /iˈðro.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /iˈðro.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /iˈðro.o/
Verb
ἱδρόω • (hidróō)
- I sweat, perspire
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Problems 867b34
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.388
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.27
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.119
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.372
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.39
Inflection
Present: ῐ̔δρῶ (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ῐ̔δρῶ | ῐ̔δροῖς | ῐ̔δροῖ | ῐ̔δροῦτον | ῐ̔δροῦτον | ῐ̔δροῦμεν | ῐ̔δροῦτε | ῐ̔δροῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ῐ̔δρῶ | ῐ̔δροῖς | ῐ̔δροῖ | ῐ̔δρῶτον | ῐ̔δρῶτον | ῐ̔δρῶμεν | ῐ̔δρῶτε | ῐ̔δρῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ῐ̔δροίην, ῐ̔δροῖμῐ | ῐ̔δροίης, ῐ̔δροῖς | ῐ̔δροίη, ῐ̔δροῖ | ῐ̔δροῖτον, ῐ̔δροίητον | ῐ̔δροίτην, ῐ̔δροιήτην | ῐ̔δροῖμεν, ῐ̔δροίημεν | ῐ̔δροῖτε, ῐ̔δροίητε | ῐ̔δροῖεν, ῐ̔δροίησᾰν | |||||
imperative | ῐ̔́δρου | ῐ̔δρούτω | ῐ̔δροῦτον | ῐ̔δρούτων | ῐ̔δροῦτε | ῐ̔δρούντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ῐ̔δροῦν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ῐ̔δρῶν | |||||||||||
f | ῐ̔δροῦσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | ῐ̔δροῦν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ῑ̔́δρουν (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ῑ̔́δρουν | ῑ̔́δρους | ῑ̔́δρου | ῑ̔δροῦτον | ῑ̔δρούτην | ῑ̔δροῦμεν | ῑ̔δροῦτε | ῑ̔́δρουν | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Future: ῐ̔δρώσω
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ῐ̔δρώσω | ῐ̔δρώσεις | ῐ̔δρώσει | ῐ̔δρώσετον | ῐ̔δρώσετον | ῐ̔δρώσομεν | ῐ̔δρώσετε | ῐ̔δρώσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | ῐ̔δρώσοιμῐ | ῐ̔δρώσοις | ῐ̔δρώσοι | ῐ̔δρώσοιτον | ῐ̔δρωσοίτην | ῐ̔δρώσοιμεν | ῐ̔δρώσοιτε | ῐ̔δρώσοιεν | |||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ῐ̔δρώσειν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ῐ̔δρώσων | |||||||||||
f | ῐ̔δρώσουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | ῐ̔δρῶσον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: ῑ̔́δρωσᾰ
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ῑ̔́δρωσᾰ | ῑ̔́δρωσᾰς | ῑ̔́δρωσε(ν) | ῑ̔δρώσᾰτον | ῑ̔δρωσᾰ́την | ῑ̔δρώσᾰμεν | ῑ̔δρώσᾰτε | ῑ̔́δρωσᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | ῐ̔δρώσω | ῐ̔δρώσῃς | ῐ̔δρώσῃ | ῐ̔δρώσητον | ῐ̔δρώσητον | ῐ̔δρώσωμεν | ῐ̔δρώσητε | ῐ̔δρώσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ῐ̔δρώσαιμῐ | ῐ̔δρώσειᾰς, ῐ̔δρώσαις | ῐ̔δρώσειε(ν), ῐ̔δρώσαι | ῐ̔δρώσαιτον | ῐ̔δρωσαίτην | ῐ̔δρώσαιμεν | ῐ̔δρώσαιτε | ῐ̔δρώσειᾰν, ῐ̔δρώσαιεν | |||||
imperative | ῐ̔́δρωσον | ῐ̔δρωσᾰ́τω | ῐ̔δρώσᾰτον | ῐ̔δρωσᾰ́των | ῐ̔δρώσᾰτε | ῐ̔δρωσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ῐ̔δρῶσαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ῐ̔δρώσᾱς | |||||||||||
f | ῐ̔δρώσᾱσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | ῐ̔δρῶσᾰν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Perfect: ῑ̔́δρωκᾰ
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ῑ̔́δρωκᾰ | ῑ̔́δρωκᾰς | ῑ̔́δρωκε(ν) | ῑ̔δρώκᾰτον | ῑ̔δρώκᾰτον | ῑ̔δρώκᾰμεν | ῑ̔δρώκᾰτε | ῑ̔δρώκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ῑ̔δρώκω | ῑ̔δρώκῃς | ῑ̔δρώκῃ | ῑ̔δρώκητον | ῑ̔δρώκητον | ῑ̔δρώκωμεν | ῑ̔δρώκητε | ῑ̔δρώκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ῑ̔δρώκοιμῐ, ῑ̔δρωκοίην | ῑ̔δρώκοις, ῑ̔δρωκοίης | ῑ̔δρώκοι, ῑ̔δρωκοίη | ῑ̔δρώκοιτον | ῑ̔δρωκοίτην | ῑ̔δρώκοιμεν | ῑ̔δρώκοιτε | ῑ̔δρώκοιεν | |||||
imperative | ῑ̔́δρωκε | ῑ̔δρωκέτω | ῑ̔δρώκετον | ῑ̔δρωκέτων | ῑ̔δρώκετε | ῑ̔δρωκόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ῑ̔δρωκέναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ῑ̔δρωκώς | |||||||||||
f | ῑ̔δρωκυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | ῑ̔δρωκός | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Pluperfect: ῑ̔δρώκειν
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ῑ̔δρώκειν, ῑ̔δρώκη | ῑ̔δρώκεις, ῑ̔δρώκης | ῑ̔δρώκει(ν) | ῑ̔δρώκετον | ῑ̔δρωκέτην | ῑ̔δρώκεμεν | ῑ̔δρώκετε | ῑ̔δρώκεσᾰν | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Derived terms
- ἀνιδρόω (anidróō)
- ἀφιδρόω (aphidróō)
- διϊδρόω (diïdróō)
- ἐνιδρόω (enidróō)
- ἐξιδρόω (exidróō)
- ἐφιδρόω (ephidróō)
- περιϊδρόω (periïdróō)
- προϊδρόω (proïdróō)
- συνιδρόω (sunidróō)
- ὑφιδρόω (huphidróō)
Related terms
- ἀνίδρωτος (anídrōtos)
- ἱδροσύνη (hidrosúnē)
- ἵδρωσις (hídrōsis)
- ἱδρωτήριον (hidrōtḗrion)
- ἱδρωτικός (hidrōtikós)
References
- ἱδρόω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ἱδρόω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ἱδρόω in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἱδρόω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- ἱδρόω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963