ἰθύνω
Ancient Greek
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /iː.tʰy̌ː.nɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /iˈtʰy.no/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /iˈθy.no/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /iˈθy.no/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /iˈθi.no/
Verb
ῑ̓θῡ́νω • (īthū́nō)
- Alternative form of εὐθύνω (euthúnō, “I straighten”)
- 100 CE – 300 CE, Dionysius Periegetes, Periegesis 341
- 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, On Fractures 7
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.475
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.197
- 300 CE – 400 CE, Quintus Smyrnaeus, Posthomerica 1.273
- 300 CE – 400 CE, Quintus Smyrnaeus, Posthomerica 14.500
Inflection
Present: ἰθῡ́νω, ἰθῡ́νομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἰθῡ́νω | ἰθῡ́νεις | ἰθῡ́νει | ἰθῡ́νετον | ἰθῡ́νετον | ἰθῡ́νομεν | ἰθῡ́νετε | ἰθῡ́νουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ἰθῡ́νω | ἰθῡ́νῃς | ἰθῡ́νῃ | ἰθῡ́νητον | ἰθῡ́νητον | ἰθῡ́νωμεν | ἰθῡ́νητε | ἰθῡ́νωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἰθῡ́νοιμῐ | ἰθῡ́νοις | ἰθῡ́νοι | ἰθῡ́νοιτον | ἰθῡνοίτην | ἰθῡ́νοιμεν | ἰθῡ́νοιτε | ἰθῡ́νοιεν | |||||
imperative | ἴθῡνε | ἰθῡνέτω | ἰθῡ́νετον | ἰθῡνέτων | ἰθῡ́νετε | ἰθῡνόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive | indicative | ἰθῡ́νομαι | ἰθῡ́νῃ, ἰθῡ́νει | ἰθῡ́νεται | ἰθῡ́νεσθον | ἰθῡ́νεσθον | ἰθῡνόμεθᾰ | ἰθῡ́νεσθε | ἰθῡ́νονται | ||||
subjunctive | ἰθῡ́νωμαι | ἰθῡ́νῃ | ἰθῡ́νηται | ἰθῡ́νησθον | ἰθῡ́νησθον | ἰθῡνώμεθᾰ | ἰθῡ́νησθε | ἰθῡ́νωνται | |||||
optative | ἰθῡνοίμην | ἰθῡ́νοιο | ἰθῡ́νοιτο | ἰθῡ́νοισθον | ἰθῡνοίσθην | ἰθῡνοίμεθᾰ | ἰθῡ́νοισθε | ἰθῡ́νοιντο | |||||
imperative | ἰθῡ́νου | ἰθῡνέσθω | ἰθῡ́νεσθον | ἰθῡνέσθων | ἰθῡ́νεσθε | ἰθῡνέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ἰθῡ́νειν | ἰθῡ́νεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ἰθῡ́νων | ἰθῡνόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ἰθῡ́νουσᾰ | ἰθῡνομένη | |||||||||||
n | ἰθῦνον | ἰθῡνόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἴθῡνον, ἰθῡνόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἴθῡνον | ἴθῡνες | ἴθῡνε(ν) | ἰθῡ́νετον | ἰθῡνέτην | ἰθῡ́νομεν | ἰθῡ́νετε | ἴθῡνον | ||||
middle/ passive | indicative | ἰθῡνόμην | ἰθῡ́νου | ἰθῡ́νετο | ἰθῡ́νεσθον | ἰθῡνέσθην | ἰθῡνόμεθᾰ | ἰθῡ́νεσθε | ἰθῡ́νοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἰθῡ́νεσκον, ἰθῡνεσκόμην (Ionic)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἰθῡ́νεσκον | ἰθῡ́νεσκες | ἰθῡ́νεσκε(ν) | ἰθῡνέσκετον | ἰθῡνεσκέτην | ἰθῡνέσκομεν | ἰθῡνέσκετε | ἰθῡ́νεσκον | ||||
middle/ passive | indicative | ἰθῡνεσκόμην | ἰθῡνέσκου | ἰθῡνέσκετο | ἰθῡνέσκεσθον | ἰθῡνεσκέσθην | ἰθῡνεσκόμεθᾰ | ἰθῡνέσκεσθε | ἰθῡνέσκοντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: ἴθῡνᾰ, ἰθῡνᾰ́μην, ἰθῡ́νθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἴθῡνᾰ | ἴθῡνᾰς | ἴθῡνε(ν) | ἰθῡ́νᾰτον | ἰθῡνᾰ́την | ἰθῡ́νᾰμεν | ἰθῡ́νᾰτε | ἴθῡνᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | ἰθῡ́νω | ἰθῡ́νῃς | ἰθῡ́νῃ | ἰθῡ́νητον | ἰθῡ́νητον | ἰθῡ́νωμεν | ἰθῡ́νητε | ἰθῡ́νωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἰθῡ́ναιμῐ | ἰθῡ́νειᾰς, ἰθῡ́ναις | ἰθῡ́νειε(ν), ἰθῡ́ναι | ἰθῡ́ναιτον | ἰθῡναίτην | ἰθῡ́ναιμεν | ἰθῡ́ναιτε | ἰθῡ́νειᾰν, ἰθῡ́ναιεν | |||||
imperative | ἴθῡνον | ἰθῡνᾰ́τω | ἰθῡ́νᾰτον | ἰθῡνᾰ́των | ἰθῡ́νᾰτε | ἰθῡνᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ἰθῡνᾰ́μην | ἰθῡ́νω | ἰθῡ́νᾰτο | ἰθῡ́νᾰσθον | ἰθῡνᾰ́σθην | ἰθῡνᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἰθῡ́νᾰσθε | ἰθῡ́νᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | ἰθῡ́νωμαι | ἰθῡ́νῃ | ἰθῡ́νηται | ἰθῡ́νησθον | ἰθῡ́νησθον | ἰθῡνώμεθᾰ | ἰθῡ́νησθε | ἰθῡ́νωνται | |||||
optative | ἰθῡναίμην | ἰθῡ́ναιο | ἰθῡ́ναιτο | ἰθῡ́ναισθον | ἰθῡναίσθην | ἰθῡναίμεθᾰ | ἰθῡ́ναισθε | ἰθῡ́ναιντο | |||||
imperative | ἴθῡναι | ἰθῡνᾰ́σθω | ἰθῡ́νᾰσθον | ἰθῡνᾰ́σθων | ἰθῡ́νᾰσθε | ἰθῡνᾰ́σθων | |||||||
passive | indicative | ἰθῡ́νθην | ἰθῡ́νθης | ἰθῡ́νθη | ἰθῡ́νθητον | ἰθῡνθήτην | ἰθῡ́νθημεν | ἰθῡ́νθητε | ἰθῡ́νθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | ἰθῡνθῶ | ἰθῡνθῇς | ἰθῡνθῇ | ἰθῡνθῆτον | ἰθῡνθῆτον | ἰθῡνθῶμεν | ἰθῡνθῆτε | ἰθῡνθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἰθῡνθείην | ἰθῡνθείης | ἰθῡνθείη | ἰθῡνθεῖτον, ἰθῡνθείητον | ἰθῡνθείτην, ἰθῡνθειήτην | ἰθῡνθεῖμεν, ἰθῡνθείημεν | ἰθῡνθεῖτε, ἰθῡνθείητε | ἰθῡνθεῖεν, ἰθῡνθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | ἰθῡ́νθητῐ | ἰθῡνθήτω | ἰθῡ́νθητον | ἰθῡνθήτων | ἰθῡ́νθητε | ἰθῡνθέντων | |||||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | ἰθῦναι | ἰθῡ́νᾰσθαι | ἰθῡνθῆναι | ||||||||||
participle | m | ἰθῡ́νᾱς | ἰθῡνᾰ́μενος | ἰθῡνθείς | |||||||||
f | ἰθῡ́νᾱσᾰ | ἰθῡνᾰμένη | ἰθῡνθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
n | ἰθῦνᾰν | ἰθῡνᾰ́μενον | ἰθῡνθέν | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Derived terms
- ἀπῑθύνω (apīthúnō)
- διῑθύνω (diīthúnō)
- ἐνῑθύνω (enīthúnō)
- ἐξῑθύνω (exīthúnō)
- ἐπῑθύνω (epīthúnō)
- κατῑθύνω (katīthúnō)
Related terms
- ἰθυντήρ (ithuntḗr)
- ἰθυντήριος (ithuntḗrios)
- ἰθυντής (ithuntḗs)
- ἰθύντωρ (ithúntōr)
References
- ἰθύνω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ἰθύνω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ἰθύνω in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἰθύνω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἰθύνω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963