ἦμαρ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ἆμᾰρ (âmar) – Doric, Arcadocypriot

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *ā́mər (whence Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀗𐀨𐀔 (a-mo-ra-ma /āmōr-āmar/, “day after day”)), from Proto-Indo-European *Héh₂mr̥ ~ *Héh₂mōr (“heat”). Cognate with Old Armenian աւր (awr, “day”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɛ̂ː.mar/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈe̝.mar/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.mar/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.mar/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈi.mar/

Noun

ἦμᾰρ • (êmar) n (genitive ἤμᾰτος); third declension

day
(accusative singular, as adverb) by day
(μέσον) midday
(δείελον) evening
(ἤματι χειμερίῳ) on winter's day

Declension

Third declension of ἦμᾰρ; ἤμᾰτος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἦμᾰρ êmar	ἤμᾰτε ḗmate	ἤμᾰτᾰ ḗmata
Genitive	ἤμᾰτος ḗmatos	ἠμᾰ́τοιῐν ēmátoiin	ἠμᾰ́των ēmátōn
Dative	ἤμᾰτῐ ḗmati	ἠμᾰ́τοιῐν ēmátoiin	ἤμᾰσῐ / ἤμᾰσῐν / ἠμᾰ́τεσσῐ / ἠμᾰ́τεσσῐν / ἠμᾰ́τεσῐ / ἠμᾰ́τεσῐν ḗmasi(n) / ēmátessi(n) / ēmátesi(n)
Accusative	ἦμᾰρ êmar	ἤμᾰτε ḗmate	ἤμᾰτᾰ ḗmata
Vocative	ἦμᾰρ êmar	ἤμᾰτε ḗmate	ἤμᾰτᾰ ḗmata
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Synonyms

ἡμέρᾱ (hēmérā)

Derived terms

ἐννῆμαρ (ennêmar)
ἡμέρᾱ (hēmérā)

Descendants

Greek: ημέρα (iméra)
Tsakonian: αμέρα (améra)
→? Albanian: zëmër

References

“ἦμαρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ἦμαρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“ἦμαρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἦμαρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- day idem, page 197.
- morning idem, page 541.

Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 518
Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “awr”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 156

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 518

[2] Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “awr”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 156