Ἔφεσος

Ἔφεσος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Luwian Apa-ša ("later-city"), cognates with ἐπί ("on, over"). Compare also Hittite 𒄩𒉺𒀸 (ḫa-pa-aš, “river”, nom.sg.).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /é.pʰe.sos/ → /ˈe.ɸe.sos/ → /ˈe.fe.sos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /é.pʰe.sos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈe.pʰe.sos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.ɸe.sos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.fe.sos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈe.fe.sos/

Proper noun

Ἔφεσος • (Éphesos) f (genitive Ἐφέσου); second declension

1. Ephesus, an Ionian city on the west coast of Anatolia.

Inflection

Second declension of ἡ Ἔφεσος; τῆς Ἐφέσου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ Ἔφεσος hē Éphesos
Genitive	τῆς Ἐφέσου tês Ephésou
Dative	τῇ Ἐφέσῳ têi Ephésōi
Accusative	τὴν Ἔφεσον tḕn Épheson
Vocative	Ἔφεσε Éphese
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• Ἐφεσήϊα (Ephesḗïa)
• Ἐφεσηοκίκης (Ephesēokíkēs)
• Ἐφεσία (Ephesía)
• Ἐφέσιος (Ephésios)
• Ἐφεσίς (Ephesís)

Descendants

• → Armenian: Եփեսոս (Epʿesos)
• Greek: Έφεσος (Éfesos)
• → Latin: Ephesus
• Turkish: Efes

Further reading

• “Ἔφεσος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• G2181 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,009