ἔτι

ἔτι

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἔτ’ (ét’) – apocopic before smooth breathing
• ἔθ’ (éth’) – apocopic before rough breathing

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *éti. Cognates include Latin et, Sanskrit अति (ati) and Old Church Slavonic отъ (otŭ).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /é.ti/ → /ˈe.ti/ → /ˈe.ti/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /é.ti/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈe.ti/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.ti/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.ti/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈe.ti/

Adverb

ἔτῐ • (éti)

1. (of time) yet, still
   1. (of the present)
      • Homer, Iliad 5.254
      • Homer, Iliad 6.222
      • Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 623
      • Anth. P. 9.567
      • Homer, Iliad 1.455
      • Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.77
      • Plato, Symposium 215D
      • Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 708, (compare Agamemnon 818)
   2. (of the past, mostly with imperfect)
      • Homer, Iliad 10.493
      • Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 430
      • Plato, Protagoras 310C
      • Plato, Meno 93A
      • Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.111
      • Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.45
   3. (of the future)
      • Homer, Iliad 1.96
      • Homer, Odyssey 15.305
      • Homer, Odyssey 2.230
      • Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 908
      • Sophocles, Electra 66
   4. (with a negative) no more, no longer
2. (of degree) yet, still, besides, further, moreover
   • Homer, Odyssey 14.325
   • Hesiod, Works and Days 156
   • Homer, Odyssey 11.623
   • Sophocles, Antigone 218
   • Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 114
   • Sophocles, Philoctetes 1339
   • Aristophanes, The Clouds 720
   • Plato, Phaedrus 279A
   • Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.80
   • Xenophon, Anabasis 6.6.13
   • Plato, The Sophist 239D
   1. (often to strengthen a comparative)
      • Homer, Iliad 14.97
      • Homer, Odyssey 18.22
      • Pindar, Pythian Ode 10.88
      • Herodotus, Histories 7.6
      • Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.80
      • Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 987
      • Sophocles, Oedipus the King 272
   2. (with the positive)
      • Plato, Theaetetus 184B
      • Plato, The Sophist 242D
      • Xenophon, Anabasis 7.5.9
      • Aristophanes, Peace 53
      • Aristophanes, Peace 462
      • Aristophanes, The Frogs 864

Derived terms

• μηκέτι (mēkéti)
• οὐκέτι (oukéti)

Further reading

• “ἔτι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἔτι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἔτι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἔτι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἔτι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “ἔτι”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G2089 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • addition idem, page 11.
  • besides idem, page 75.
  • extra idem, page 297.
  • further idem, page 350.
  • long idem, page 498.
  • more idem, page 541.
  • moreover idem, page 541.
  • still idem, page 817.
  • too idem, page 880.
  • well idem, page 973.
  • yet idem, page 996.