ἔργον
Ancient Greek
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ér.ɡon/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈer.ɡon/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈer.ɣon/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈer.ɣon/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈer.ɣon/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Hellenic *wérgon, from Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom. Cognates include Old English weorc (English work), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬆𐬨 (varəzəm) (Persian وَرز (varz)), and Old Armenian գործ (gorc).
Alternative forms
- ϝέργον (wérgon) – Doric
- ϝάργον (wárgon) – Elean
Noun
ἔργον • (érgon) n (genitive ἔργου); second declension
- work, labour, task
- work or deed of war; battle
- peaceful contest
- work of industry
- (agriculture) tillage; tilled land
- (weaving) woman's work; weaving
- deed, doing, action
- thing or matter
- (passive) that which is wrought or made; work
- result of work, profit or interest
- guild or company of workmen
- Synonym: ἐργᾰσῐ́ᾱ (ergasíā)
Inflection
Second declension of τὸ ἔργον; τοῦ ἔργου (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ ἔργον tò érgon | τὼ ἔργω tṑ érgō | τᾰ̀ ἔργᾰ tà érga | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ἔργου toû érgou | τοῖν ἔργοιν toîn érgoin | τῶν ἔργων tôn érgōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ἔργῳ tôi érgōi | τοῖν ἔργοιν toîn érgoin | τοῖς ἔργοις toîs érgois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ ἔργον tò érgon | τὼ ἔργω tṑ érgō | τᾰ̀ ἔργᾰ tà érga | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἔργον érgon | ἔργω érgō | ἔργᾰ érga | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Second declension of ἔργον; ἔργου (Epic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἔργον érgon | ἔργω érgō | ἔργᾰ érga | ||||||||||
Genitive | ἔργου / ἐργοῖο / ἔργοιο / ἐργόο / ἔργοο érgou / ergoîo / érgoio / ergóo / érgoo | ἔργοιῐν érgoiin | ἔργων érgōn | ||||||||||
Dative | ἔργῳ érgōi | ἔργοιῐν érgoiin | ἔργοισῐ / ἔργοισῐν / ἔργοις érgoisi(n) / érgois | ||||||||||
Accusative | ἔργον érgon | ἔργω érgō | ἔργᾰ érga | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἔργον érgon | ἔργω érgō | ἔργᾰ érga | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- ᾱ̓ργός (ārgós)
- Γεώργῐος (Geṓrgios)
- γεωργός (geōrgós)
- ἑκᾰ́εργος (hekáergos)
- ἐνέργειᾰ (enérgeia)
- ἐνεργέω (energéō)
- ἐνεργής (energḗs)
- ἐργᾰ́ζομαι (ergázomai)
- ἐργᾰλεῖον (ergaleîon)
- ἐργᾰστήρῐον (ergastḗrion)
- ἐργᾰ́της (ergátēs)
- ἐργώδης (ergṓdēs)
- κᾰκοῦργος (kakoûrgos)
- Λῠκοῦργος (Lukoûrgos)
Related terms
- ἔρδω (érdō)
- ῥέζω (rhézō)
- -ουργός (-ourgós)
Descendants
Descendants of ἔργον in other languages
- Greek: έργο (érgo)
- → English: ergo-, ergon, erg
- ⇒ French: ergol
- ⇒ Italian: ergol
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
ἔργον • (érgon)
- first-person singular/third-person plural imperfect active indicative of ἔργω (érgō)
Participle
ἔργον • (érgon)
- nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of ἔργων (érgōn)
References
- “ἔργον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἔργον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἔργον”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἔργον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- ἔργον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ἔργον”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2041 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- act idem, page 9.
- action idem, page 9.
- business idem, page 106.
- charge idem, page 125.
- commission idem, page 148.
- concern idem, page 155.
- deed idem, page 202.
- duty idem, page 257.
- effect idem, page 262.
- errand idem, page 281.
- fact idem, page 300.
- function idem, page 349.
- handiwork idem, page 383.
- issue idem, page 461.
- job idem, page 463.
- mission idem, page 535.
- office idem, page 571.
- onus idem, page 574.
- operation idem, page 576.
- performance idem, page 607.
- place idem, page 616.
- proceeding idem, page 644.
- product idem, page 645.
- province idem, page 654.
- responsibility idem, page 704.
- result idem, page 706.
- sequel idem, page 754.
- service idem, page 755.
- task idem, page 856.
- toil idem, page 880.
- transaction idem, page 888.
- work idem, page 988.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN