ἔπειτα

ἔπειτα

See also: έπειτα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἔπειθ’ (épeith’) – apocopic, before a rough breathing
• ἔπειτ’ (épeit’) – apocopic, before a smooth breathing
• ἔπειτεν (épeiten) – Ionic

Etymology

From ἐπί (epí, “upon”) + εἶτα (eîta).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /é.peː.ta/ → /ˈe.pi.ta/ → /ˈe.pi.ta/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /é.peː.ta/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈe.pi.ta/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.pi.ta/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.pi.ta/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈe.pi.ta/

Adverb

ἔπειτα • (épeita)

1. (of mere sequence, without any notion of cause) thereupon, thereafter, then
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.48
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.169
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.140
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.551
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 171
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.214
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.783
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.527
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 10.297
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.378
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.106
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.497
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.55
   • 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 18A
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.33
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 1.3.14
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 8.3.24
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 724
   • 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 147C
   • 411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 556
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 61
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 305
   1. (with the article) what follows
      • 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 611
      • 413 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Tauris 1265
      • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 672
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 116A
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Philebus 39E
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 1.5.9
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.64
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 67D
      • 386 BCE – 367 BCE, Plato, Parmenides 152B
   2. (like εἶτα, with a finite verb after a participle)
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 14.223
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.730
      • 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 267
      • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 29
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 82C
      • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 654
      • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 438
      • 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 496
      • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 761
      • 446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 498
      • 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 29
      • 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 519E
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 319D
      • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 336B
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 310C
      • 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 624
      • 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 536
   3. (in apodoses, though never at the beginning of the clause, in Homer often strengthened)
   4. (after a temporal conjunction) then, thereafter
      1. • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.378
         • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.247
         • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.121
         • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.545
         • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.223
         • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.522
         • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.478
   5. (after a conditional conjunction) then, surely
      1. • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 7.360
         • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.453
         • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.290
         • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.394
         • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.243
         • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.547
         • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.392
2. (of sequence in thought, i.e. consequence or inference) then, therefore
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.185
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.49
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.357
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.812
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 345
   1. (to begin a story)
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.354
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.116
   2. (in Attic often to introduce emphatic questions)
      • 388 BCE, Aristophanes, Plutus 827
      • 411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 188
      • 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 226
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 1.4.11
      • 431 BCE, Euripides, Medea 1398
      • 446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 126
      • 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 963
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Symposium 4.2
      • 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 911
      • 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 1217
      • 425 BCE, Aristophanes, Lysistrata 985
      • 438 BCE, Euripides, Alcestis 822

Derived terms

• μετέπειτα (metépeita)

Further reading

• “ἔπειτα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἔπειτα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἔπειτα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἔπειτα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἔπειτα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “ἔπειτα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G1899 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • afterwards idem, page 17.
  • anon idem, page 31.
  • hereafter idem, page 397.
  • hereupon idem, page 397.
  • next idem, page 557.
  • one idem, page 573.
  • subsequently idem, page 832.
  • then idem, page 865.
  • thereafter idem, page 865.