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单词 ἐφίστημι
释义

ἐφίστημι

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • ἐπῐ́στημῐ (epístēmi) Ionic
  • ἐφιστάνω (ephistánō) late

Etymology

From ἐπί (epí, upon) + ῐ̔́στημῐ (hístēmi, I stand).

Pronunciation

 
  • (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /e.pʰís.tɛː.mi/
  • (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /eˈpʰis.te̝.mi/
  • (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /eˈɸis.ti.mi/
  • (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /eˈfis.ti.mi/
  • (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /eˈfis.ti.mi/

Verb

ἐφῐ́στημῐ (ephístēmi)

  1. (transitive, active voice of present, imperfect, future, and 1st aorist tenses)
    1. I set or place upon
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.75
      • 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Critias 116A
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 3.1.7
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Spudias 6
      • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 498C
      • 60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities 1.16
    2. I set over
      • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1202
      • 470 BCE, Aeschylus, The Suppliants 303
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.27
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Constitution of Sparta 2.1
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 5.1.15
      • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, To Nicocles 27
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1292B.28
      • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 2.65.9
      • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 10.20.5
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Aristogiton 2 22
      • 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 112
      • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Areopagiticus 37
    3. I set up, establish, institute
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.167
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.38
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1287A.26
      • 61 CE – 112 CE, Pliny the Younger, Letters 6.31.12
    4. I set by or near to
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.72
      • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 1.33.6
    5. I stop, halt
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 4.2.18
      • 100 BCE – 1 BCE, Diodorus Siculus, Library 17.112
      • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Cimon 1
      • 86 CE – 160 CE, Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander 5.16.1
      • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 16.34.2
      • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 7.11.1
      • 40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 1.125
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.8.15
    6. I fix my mind upon, attend to
      • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Evagoras 69
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 987B.3
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 1090A.2
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 470B.5
      • 100 BCE – 1 BCE, Diodorus Siculus, Library 12.1
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Topics 135A.26
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On the Universe 391A.26
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On Generation and Corruption 315B.18
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 487A.13
      • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 1.65.5
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1335B.3
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1144A.22
      1. (with accusative of person) I arrest the attention of
        • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Tiberius Gracchus 17
        • 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 18.105
        • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 2.61.11
        • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 10.21.2
        • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 31.23.1
        • 204 CE – 270 CE, Plotinus, Collected Works 1.4.5
  2. (intransitive, middle and passive voice, active voice of perfect, pluperfect, and 2nd aorist)
    1. I stand upon
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.515
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.373
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.609
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.201
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 1051A.28
      • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 3.46.8
      1. I am imposed upon
        • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 1170
      2. I stand on the top or surface
        • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.2
        • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Prognostics 12
        • 40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 1.72
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 469B.31
    2. I am set over
      • 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 538
      • 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 955
      • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 945
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hiero 9.5
      • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 460B
      • 343 BCE, Demosthenes, On the False Embassy 298
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.117
      • 425 BCE, Euripides, Andromache 1098
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Oeconomicus 21.9
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.148
      • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 1072
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 3.5.19
    3. I stand by or near
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.133
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.52
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.644
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.77
      • 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 212D
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Philebus 64C
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.34
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.14
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.496
      • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Helen 65
      • 50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of Luke 2:9
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.78
      • 95 CE – 165 CE, Appian, Syrian Wars 10
      • New Testament, Acts of the Apostles 22:20
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.59
      • 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 172E
      • 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Collected Works 3.79
      • 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 558
      • 50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of Luke 2:38
      • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 16.18.7
      1. (in a hostile sense) I stand against
        • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.703
        • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.624
        • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 22.203
        • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 24.380
        • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.203
        • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Evagoras 58
        • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.69
        • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, On the Peace 41
        • 344 BCE – 343 BCE, Demosthenes, Second Philippic 5
        • 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Dialogues of the Gods 17.1
        • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Against Callimachus 9
        • New Testament, First Epistle to the Thessalonians 5:3
        • 50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of Luke 21:34
        • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 18.20.7
        • New Testament, Acts of the Apostles 28:2
      2. (figuratively, of events) I impend, am at hand
        • 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 777
        • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.82
        • 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 176
        • New Testament, Second Epistle to Timothy 4:6
        • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1287A.2
        • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 999A.25
        • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.326
    4. I halt, stop
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 2.4.26
      • 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 172A
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.91
    5. I fix my mind on, give my attention to
      • 425 BCE, Euripides, Andromache 547
      • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Helen 29
      • 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 60
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, First Philippic 12
      • 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 233
      • 344 BCE – 343 BCE, Demosthenes, Second Philippic 19

Inflection

Derived terms

  • ᾰ̓νεπῐ́στᾰτος (anepístatos)
  • ἀντεφῐ́στημῐ (antephístēmi)
  • κᾰτεφῐ́στᾰμαι (katephístamai)
  • προεφῐ́στημῐ (proephístēmi)
  • σῠνεφῐ́στημῐ (sunephístēmi)
  • ἐπῐστᾰδόν (epistadón)
  • ἐπῐ́στᾰμαι (epístamai)
  • ἐπῐστᾰσίᾱ (epistasíā)
  • ἐπῐστᾰσιάζω (epistasiázō)
  • ἐπῐστᾰ́σῐον (epistásion)
  • ἐπῐστᾰ́σῐος (epistásios)
  • ἐπῐ́στᾰσῐς (epístasis)
  • ἐπῐστᾰτέον (epistatéon)
  • ἐπῐστᾰτεύω (epistateúō)
  • ἐπῐστᾰτέω (epistatéō)
  • ἐπῐστᾰ́τη (epistátē)
  • ἐπῐστᾰτήρ (epistatḗr)
  • ἐπῐστᾰτήρῐος (epistatḗrios)
  • ἐπῐστᾰ́της (epistátēs)
  • ἐπῐστᾰτῐκός (epistatikós)
  • ἐπῐ́στᾰτον (epístaton)
  • ἐπῐ́στημᾰ (epístēma)
  • ἐπῐστηρίζω (epistērízō)

References

  • ἐφίστημι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • ἐφίστημι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • ἐφίστημι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • ἐφίστημι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • ἐφίστημι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • G2186 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
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