ἐπικλώθω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
ἐπῐ- (epi-, “for”) + κλώθω (klṓthō, “spin”). Describes the action of the Fates, who spun the thread of each person's destiny.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /e.pi.klɔ̌ː.tʰɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /e.piˈklo.tʰo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /e.piˈklo.θo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /e.piˈklo.θo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /e.piˈklo.θo/
Verb
ἐπῐκλώθω • (epiklṓthō)
- (transitive or intransitive, active or middle) assign to, destine [+dative = someone] [+accusative = something] or [+infinitive = to do something]
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey, 1:16–18:
- ἀλλ’ ὅτε δὴ ἔτος ἦλθε περιπλομένων ἐνιαυτῶν,
τῷ οἱ ἐπεκλώσαντο θεοὶ οἶκόνδε νέεσθαι
εἰς Ἰθάκην,- all’ hóte dḕ étos êlthe periploménōn eniautôn,
tôi hoi epeklṓsanto theoì oîkónde néesthai
eis Ithákēn, - But when the year had finally come in the turning of time,
in which the gods had destined [Odysseus] to return home
to Ithaca,
- all’ hóte dḕ étos êlthe periploménōn eniautôn,
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey, 1:16–18:
Inflection
Present: ἐπῐκλώθω, ἐπῐκλώθομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐπῐκλώθω | ἐπῐκλώθεις | ἐπῐκλώθει | ἐπῐκλώθετον | ἐπῐκλώθετον | ἐπῐκλώθομεν | ἐπῐκλώθετε | ἐπῐκλώθουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ἐπῐκλώθω | ἐπῐκλώθῃς | ἐπῐκλώθῃ | ἐπῐκλώθητον | ἐπῐκλώθητον | ἐπῐκλώθωμεν | ἐπῐκλώθητε | ἐπῐκλώθωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἐπῐκλώθοιμῐ | ἐπῐκλώθοις | ἐπῐκλώθοι | ἐπῐκλώθοιτον | ἐπῐκλωθοίτην | ἐπῐκλώθοιμεν | ἐπῐκλώθοιτε | ἐπῐκλώθοιεν | |||||
imperative | ἐπῐ́κλωθε | ἐπῐκλωθέτω | ἐπῐκλώθετον | ἐπῐκλωθέτων | ἐπῐκλώθετε | ἐπῐκλωθόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive | indicative | ἐπῐκλώθομαι | ἐπῐκλώθῃ, ἐπῐκλώθει | ἐπῐκλώθεται | ἐπῐκλώθεσθον | ἐπῐκλώθεσθον | ἐπῐκλωθόμεθᾰ | ἐπῐκλώθεσθε | ἐπῐκλώθονται | ||||
subjunctive | ἐπῐκλώθωμαι | ἐπῐκλώθῃ | ἐπῐκλώθηται | ἐπῐκλώθησθον | ἐπῐκλώθησθον | ἐπῐκλωθώμεθᾰ | ἐπῐκλώθησθε | ἐπῐκλώθωνται | |||||
optative | ἐπῐκλωθοίμην | ἐπῐκλώθοιο | ἐπῐκλώθοιτο | ἐπῐκλώθοισθον | ἐπῐκλωθοίσθην | ἐπῐκλωθοίμεθᾰ | ἐπῐκλώθοισθε | ἐπῐκλώθοιντο | |||||
imperative | ἐπῐκλώθου | ἐπῐκλωθέσθω | ἐπῐκλώθεσθον | ἐπῐκλωθέσθων | ἐπῐκλώθεσθε | ἐπῐκλωθέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ἐπῐκλώθειν | ἐπῐκλώθεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ἐπῐκλώθων | ἐπῐκλωθόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ἐπῐκλώθουσᾰ | ἐπῐκλωθομένη | |||||||||||
n | ἐπῐκλῶθον | ἐπῐκλωθόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἐπέκλωθον, ἐπεκλωθόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐπέκλωθον | ἐπέκλωθες | ἐπέκλωθε(ν) | ἐπεκλώθετον | ἐπεκλωθέτην | ἐπεκλώθομεν | ἐπεκλώθετε | ἐπέκλωθον | ||||
middle/ passive | indicative | ἐπεκλωθόμην | ἐπεκλώθου | ἐπεκλώθετο | ἐπεκλώθεσθον | ἐπεκλωθέσθην | ἐπεκλωθόμεθᾰ | ἐπεκλώθεσθε | ἐπεκλώθοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: ἐπέκλωσᾰ, ἐπεκλωσᾰ́μην, ἐπεκλώσθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐπέκλωσᾰ | ἐπέκλωσᾰς | ἐπέκλωσε(ν) | ἐπεκλώσᾰτον | ἐπεκλωσᾰ́την | ἐπεκλώσᾰμεν | ἐπεκλώσᾰτε | ἐπέκλωσᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | ἐπῐκλώσω | ἐπῐκλώσῃς | ἐπῐκλώσῃ | ἐπῐκλώσητον | ἐπῐκλώσητον | ἐπῐκλώσωμεν | ἐπῐκλώσητε | ἐπῐκλώσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἐπῐκλώσαιμῐ | ἐπῐκλώσειᾰς, ἐπῐκλώσαις | ἐπῐκλώσειε(ν), ἐπῐκλώσαι | ἐπῐκλώσαιτον | ἐπῐκλωσαίτην | ἐπῐκλώσαιμεν | ἐπῐκλώσαιτε | ἐπῐκλώσειᾰν, ἐπῐκλώσαιεν | |||||
imperative | ἐπῐ́κλωσον | ἐπῐκλωσᾰ́τω | ἐπῐκλώσᾰτον | ἐπῐκλωσᾰ́των | ἐπῐκλώσᾰτε | ἐπῐκλωσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ἐπεκλωσᾰ́μην | ἐπεκλώσω | ἐπεκλώσᾰτο | ἐπεκλώσᾰσθον | ἐπεκλωσᾰ́σθην | ἐπεκλωσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐπεκλώσᾰσθε | ἐπεκλώσᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | ἐπῐκλώσωμαι | ἐπῐκλώσῃ | ἐπῐκλώσηται | ἐπῐκλώσησθον | ἐπῐκλώσησθον | ἐπῐκλωσώμεθᾰ | ἐπῐκλώσησθε | ἐπῐκλώσωνται | |||||
optative | ἐπῐκλωσαίμην | ἐπῐκλώσαιο | ἐπῐκλώσαιτο | ἐπῐκλώσαισθον | ἐπῐκλωσαίσθην | ἐπῐκλωσαίμεθᾰ | ἐπῐκλώσαισθε | ἐπῐκλώσαιντο | |||||
imperative | ἐπῐ́κλωσαι | ἐπῐκλωσᾰ́σθω | ἐπῐκλώσᾰσθον | ἐπῐκλωσᾰ́σθων | ἐπῐκλώσᾰσθε | ἐπῐκλωσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
passive | indicative | ἐπεκλώσθην | ἐπεκλώσθης | ἐπεκλώσθη | ἐπεκλώσθητον | ἐπεκλωσθήτην | ἐπεκλώσθημεν | ἐπεκλώσθητε | ἐπεκλώσθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | ἐπῐκλωσθῶ | ἐπῐκλωσθῇς | ἐπῐκλωσθῇ | ἐπῐκλωσθῆτον | ἐπῐκλωσθῆτον | ἐπῐκλωσθῶμεν | ἐπῐκλωσθῆτε | ἐπῐκλωσθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἐπῐκλωσθείην | ἐπῐκλωσθείης | ἐπῐκλωσθείη | ἐπῐκλωσθεῖτον, ἐπῐκλωσθείητον | ἐπῐκλωσθείτην, ἐπῐκλωσθειήτην | ἐπῐκλωσθεῖμεν, ἐπῐκλωσθείημεν | ἐπῐκλωσθεῖτε, ἐπῐκλωσθείητε | ἐπῐκλωσθεῖεν, ἐπῐκλωσθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | ἐπῐκλώσθητῐ | ἐπῐκλωσθήτω | ἐπῐκλώσθητον | ἐπῐκλωσθήτων | ἐπῐκλώσθητε | ἐπῐκλωσθέντων | |||||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | ἐπῐκλῶσαι | ἐπῐκλώσᾰσθαι | ἐπῐκλωσθῆναι | ||||||||||
participle | m | ἐπῐκλώσᾱς | ἐπῐκλωσᾰ́μενος | ἐπῐκλωσθείς | |||||||||
f | ἐπῐκλώσᾱσᾰ | ἐπῐκλωσᾰμένη | ἐπῐκλωσθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
n | ἐπῐκλῶσᾰν | ἐπῐκλωσᾰ́μενον | ἐπῐκλωσθέν | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Perfect: ἐπῐκέκλωσμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive | indicative | ἐπῐκέκλωσμαι | ἐπῐκέκλωσαι | ἐπῐκέκλωσται | ἐπῐκέκλωσθον | ἐπῐκέκλωσθον | ἐπῐκεκλώσμεθᾰ | ἐπῐκέκλωσθε | ἐπῐκεκλώσᾰται | ||||
subjunctive | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένος ὦ | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένος ᾖς | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένος ᾖ | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένω ἦτον | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένω ἦτον | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένοι ὦμεν | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένοι ἦτε | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένος εἴην | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένος εἴης | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένος εἴη | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | ἐπῐκέκλωσο | ἐπῐκεκλώσθω | ἐπῐκέκλωσθον | ἐπῐκεκλώσθων | ἐπῐκέκλωσθε | ἐπῐκεκλώσθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἐπῐκεκλῶσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένος | |||||||||||
f | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένη | ||||||||||||
n | ἐπῐκεκλωσμένον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Derived terms
- ἐπικλωσθέντα n pl (epiklōsthénta, “destiny”, aorist passive participle)
Further reading
- “ἐπικλώθω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἐπικλώθω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἐπικλώθω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἐπικλώθω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963