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单词 ἐθέλω
释义

ἐθέλω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • θέλω (thélō)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁gʷʰel-. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic желѣти (želěti).

Pronunciation

 
  • (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /e.tʰé.lɔː/
  • (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /eˈtʰe.lo/
  • (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /eˈθe.lo/
  • (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /eˈθe.lo/
  • (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /eˈθe.lo/

Verb

ἐθέλω (ethélō)

  1. usually weaker than βούλομαι (boúlomai), of consent rather than desire: (intransitive) I am willing, I wish [+infinitive = to do something]
    • 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 118
    • 428 BCE, Euripides, Hippolytus 1327
    • 70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 7:12
    • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.3
    • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.71
    • 331 CE – 363 CE, Julian, Orations 1.132a
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.554
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 7.182
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 7.364
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.397
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 19.274
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.894
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 3.272
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 3.324
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.566
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.172
    • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.50
    1. (Koine) I want, wish
      • 70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 12:38
      • 70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 20:21
      • New Testament, The Gospel of Mark 3:13
      • New Testament, The Gospel of Mark 7:24
      • 50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of John 5:6
      • 50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of John 9:27
  2. (with negative) I don't care to, am unable
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.106
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.702
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.366
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.223
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.316
    • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 230d
    • 7th-6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Demeter 45
  3. (of inanimate objects)
    1. expressing future; I will, shall
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.109
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.11
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.49
      • Module:Quotations:428: attempt to compare number with nil
    2. I am naturally disposed; I am wont, accustomed
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Meteorology 347a5
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 1013b27
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 575a28
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.74
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.50
      • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, On Joints 41
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.89

Inflection

Derived terms

  • ἐθέλεχθρος (ethélekhthros)
  • ἐθελόδουλος (ethelódoulos)
  • ἐθελόκακος (ethelókakos)
  • ἐθελοκίνδυνος (ethelokíndunos)
  • ἐθελόκωφος (ethelókōphos)
  • ἐθελοντηδόν (ethelontēdón)
  • ἐθελοντήν (ethelontḗn)
  • ἐθελοντήρ (ethelontḗr)
  • ἐθελοντής (ethelontḗs)
  • ἐθελοντί (ethelontí)
  • ἐθελόντως (ethelóntōs)
  • ἐθελόπονος (ethelóponos)
  • ἐθελουργός (ethelourgós)
  • ἐθελούσιος (etheloúsios)
  • συνεθέλω (sunethélō)
  • ἀθέλητος (athélētos)
  • ἐθελημός (ethelēmós)
  • ἐθελήμων (ethelḗmōn)
  • θέλεος (théleos)
  • θέλημα (thélēma)
  • θελημός (thelēmós)
  • θελήμων (thelḗmōn)
  • θέλησις (thélēsis)
  • θελητής (thelētḗs)
  • θελητός (thelētós)

Descendants

  • Greek: θέλω (thélo)

References

  • ἐθέλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • ἐθέλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • ἐθέλω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • ἐθέλω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • ἐθέλω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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