ἐάω

ἐάω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• εἰάω (eiáō) – Epic

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Hellenic *ewajō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wéh₂-ye-ti, from the root *h₁weh₂- (“to leave, abandon”). However, the augment of the Classical Greek preterite points to Proto-Hellenic *hewajō.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /e.á.ɔː/ → /eˈa.o/ → /eˈa.o/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /e.á.ɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /eˈa.o/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /eˈa.o/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eˈa.o/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eˈa.o/

Verb

ἐάω • (eáō).

1. (with accusative of person and infinitive) to let someone do something, allow
2. to cede, grant, yield
3. to agree
4. to advise
5. to neglect, disregard

Inflection

   Present: ἐᾰ́ω, ἐᾰ́ομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐᾰ́ω	ἐᾰ́εις	ἐᾰ́ει	ἐᾰ́ετον	ἐᾰ́ετον	ἐᾰ́ομεν	ἐᾰ́ετε	ἐᾰ́ουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἐᾰ́ω	ἐᾰ́ῃς	ἐᾰ́ῃ	ἐᾰ́ητον	ἐᾰ́ητον	ἐᾰ́ωμεν	ἐᾰ́ητε	ἐᾰ́ωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐᾰ́οιμῐ	ἐᾰ́οις	ἐᾰ́οι	ἐᾰ́οιτον	ἐᾰοίτην	ἐᾰ́οιμεν	ἐᾰ́οιτε	ἐᾰ́οιεν
	imperative		ἔᾰε	ἐᾰέτω	ἐᾰ́ετον	ἐᾰέτων		ἐᾰ́ετε	ἐᾰόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐᾰ́ομαι	ἐᾰ́ῃ, ἐᾰ́ει	ἐᾰ́εται	ἐᾰ́εσθον	ἐᾰ́εσθον	ἐᾰόμεθᾰ	ἐᾰ́εσθε	ἐᾰ́ονται
	subjunctive	ἐᾰ́ωμαι	ἐᾰ́ῃ	ἐᾰ́ηται	ἐᾰ́ησθον	ἐᾰ́ησθον	ἐᾰώμεθᾰ	ἐᾰ́ησθε	ἐᾰ́ωνται
	optative	ἐᾰοίμην	ἐᾰ́οιο	ἐᾰ́οιτο	ἐᾰ́οισθον	ἐᾰοίσθην	ἐᾰοίμεθᾰ	ἐᾰ́οισθε	ἐᾰ́οιντο
	imperative		ἐᾰ́ου	ἐᾰέσθω	ἐᾰ́εσθον	ἐᾰέσθων		ἐᾰ́εσθε	ἐᾰέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἐᾰ́ειν				ἐᾰ́εσθαι
participle	m	ἐᾰ́ων				ἐᾰόμενος
	f	ἐᾰ́ουσᾰ				ἐᾰομένη
	n	ἐᾰ́ον				ἐᾰόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Present: ἐῶ, ἐῶμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐῶ	ἐᾷς	ἐᾷ	ἐᾶτον	ἐᾶτον	ἐῶμεν	ἐᾶτε	ἐῶσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἐῶ	ἐᾷς	ἐᾷ	ἐᾶτον	ἐᾶτον	ἐῶμεν	ἐᾶτε	ἐῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐῴην, ἐῷμῐ	ἐῴης, ἐῷς	ἐῴη, ἐῷ	ἐῷτον, ἐῴητον	ἐῴτην, ἐῳήτην	ἐῷμεν, ἐῴημεν	ἐῷτε, ἐῴητε	ἐῷεν, ἐῴησᾰν
	imperative		ἔᾱ	ἐᾱ́τω	ἐᾶτον	ἐᾱ́των		ἐᾶτε	ἐώντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐῶμαι	ἐᾷ	ἐᾶται	ἐᾶσθον	ἐᾶσθον	ἐώμεθᾰ	ἐᾶσθε	ἐῶνται
	subjunctive	ἐῶμαι	ἐᾷ	ἐᾶται	ἐᾶσθον	ἐᾶσθον	ἐώμεθᾰ	ἐᾶσθε	ἐῶνται
	optative	ἐῴμην	ἐῷο	ἐῷτο	ἐῷσθον	ἐῴσθην	ἐῴμεθᾰ	ἐῷσθε	ἐῷντο
	imperative		ἐῶ	ἐᾱ́σθω	ἐᾶσθον	ἐᾱ́σθων		ἐᾶσθε	ἐᾱ́σθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἐᾶν				ἐᾶσθαι
participle	m	ἐῶν				ἐώμενος
	f	ἐῶσᾰ				ἐωμένη
	n	ἐῶν				ἐώμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: εἴᾰον, εἰᾰόμην (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἴᾰον	εἴᾰες	εἴᾰε(ν)	εἰᾰ́ετον	εἰᾰέτην	εἰᾰ́ομεν	εἰᾰ́ετε	εἴᾰον
middle/ passive	indicative	εἰᾰόμην	εἰᾰ́ου	εἰᾰ́ετο	εἰᾰ́εσθον	εἰᾰέσθην	εἰᾰόμεθᾰ	εἰᾰ́εσθε	εἰᾰ́οντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: εἴων, εἰώμην (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἴων	εἴᾱς	εἴᾱ	εἰᾶτον	εἰᾱ́την	εἰῶμεν	εἰᾶτε	εἴων
middle/ passive	indicative	εἰώμην	εἰῶ	εἰᾶτο	εἰᾶσθον	εἰᾱ́σθην	εἰώμεθᾰ	εἰᾶσθε	εἰῶντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἔᾰον, ἐᾰόμην (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔᾰον	ἔᾰες	ἔᾰε(ν)	ἐᾰ́ετον	ἐᾰέτην	ἐᾰ́ομεν	ἐᾰ́ετε	ἔᾰον
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐᾰόμην	ἐᾰ́ου	ἐᾰ́ετο	ἐᾰ́εσθον	ἐᾰέσθην	ἐᾰόμεθᾰ	ἐᾰ́εσθε	ἐᾰ́οντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἔων, ἐώμην (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔων	ἔᾱς	ἔᾱ	ἐᾶτον	ἐᾱ́την	ἐῶμεν	ἐᾶτε	ἔων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐώμην	ἐῶ	ἐᾶτο	ἐᾶσθον	ἐᾱ́σθην	ἐώμεθᾰ	ἐᾶσθε	ἐῶντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἔασκον, ἐασκόμην (Ionic, Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔασκον	ἔασκες	ἔασκε(ν)	ἐάσκετον	ἐασκέτην	ἐάσκομεν	ἐάσκετε	ἔασκον
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐασκόμην	ἐάσκου	ἐάσκετο	ἐάσκεσθον	ἐασκέσθην	ἐασκόμεθᾰ	ἐάσκεσθε	ἐάσκοντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: εἴασκον, εἰασκόμην (Ionic, Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἴασκον	εἴασκες	εἴασκε(ν)	εἰάσκετον	εἰασκέτην	εἰάσκομεν	εἰάσκετε	εἴασκον
middle/ passive	indicative	εἰασκόμην	εἰάσκου	εἰάσκετο	εἰάσκεσθον	εἰασκέσθην	εἰασκόμεθᾰ	εἰάσκεσθε	εἰάσκοντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: ἐᾱ́σω, ἐᾱ́σομαι (middle used in passive sense)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐᾱ́σω	ἐᾱ́σεις	ἐᾱ́σει	ἐᾱ́σετον	ἐᾱ́σετον	ἐᾱ́σομεν	ἐᾱ́σετε	ἐᾱ́σουσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐᾱ́σοιμῐ	ἐᾱ́σοις	ἐᾱ́σοι	ἐᾱ́σοιτον	ἐᾱσοίτην	ἐᾱ́σοιμεν	ἐᾱ́σοιτε	ἐᾱ́σοιεν
middle	indicative	ἐᾱ́σομαι	ἐᾱ́σῃ, ἐᾱ́σει	ἐᾱ́σεται	ἐᾱ́σεσθον	ἐᾱ́σεσθον	ἐᾱσόμεθᾰ	ἐᾱ́σεσθε	ἐᾱ́σονται
	optative	ἐᾱσοίμην	ἐᾱ́σοιο	ἐᾱ́σοιτο	ἐᾱ́σοισθον	ἐᾱσοίσθην	ἐᾱσοίμεθᾰ	ἐᾱ́σοισθε	ἐᾱ́σοιντο
		active			middle
infinitive		ἐᾱ́σειν			ἐᾱ́σεσθαι
participle	m	ἐᾱ́σων			ἐᾱσόμενος
	f	ἐᾱ́σουσᾰ			ἐᾱσομένη
	n	ἐᾶσον			ἐᾱσόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: εἴᾱσᾰ, εἰᾱσᾰ́μην, εἰᾱ́θην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἴᾱσᾰ	εἴᾱσᾰς	εἴᾱσε(ν)	εἰᾱ́σᾰτον	εἰᾱσᾰ́την	εἰᾱ́σᾰμεν	εἰᾱ́σᾰτε	εἴᾱσᾰν
	subjunctive	ἐᾱ́σω	ἐᾱ́σῃς	ἐᾱ́σῃ	ἐᾱ́σητον	ἐᾱ́σητον	ἐᾱ́σωμεν	ἐᾱ́σητε	ἐᾱ́σωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐᾱ́σαιμῐ	ἐᾱ́σειᾰς, ἐᾱ́σαις	ἐᾱ́σειε(ν), ἐᾱ́σαι	ἐᾱ́σαιτον	ἐᾱσαίτην	ἐᾱ́σαιμεν	ἐᾱ́σαιτε	ἐᾱ́σειᾰν, ἐᾱ́σαιεν
	imperative		ἔᾱσον	ἐᾱσᾰ́τω	ἐᾱ́σᾰτον	ἐᾱσᾰ́των		ἐᾱ́σᾰτε	ἐᾱσᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	εἰᾱσᾰ́μην	εἰᾱ́σω	εἰᾱ́σᾰτο	εἰᾱ́σᾰσθον	εἰᾱσᾰ́σθην	εἰᾱσᾰ́μεθᾰ	εἰᾱ́σᾰσθε	εἰᾱ́σᾰντο
	subjunctive	ἐᾱ́σωμαι	ἐᾱ́σῃ	ἐᾱ́σηται	ἐᾱ́σησθον	ἐᾱ́σησθον	ἐᾱσώμεθᾰ	ἐᾱ́σησθε	ἐᾱ́σωνται
	optative	ἐᾱσαίμην	ἐᾱ́σαιο	ἐᾱ́σαιτο	ἐᾱ́σαισθον	ἐᾱσαίσθην	ἐᾱσαίμεθᾰ	ἐᾱ́σαισθε	ἐᾱ́σαιντο
	imperative		ἔᾱσαι	ἐᾱσᾰ́σθω	ἐᾱ́σᾰσθον	ἐᾱσᾰ́σθων		ἐᾱ́σᾰσθε	ἐᾱσᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	εἰᾱ́θην	εἰᾱ́θης	εἰᾱ́θη	εἰᾱ́θητον	εἰᾱθήτην	εἰᾱ́θημεν	εἰᾱ́θητε	εἰᾱ́θησᾰν
	subjunctive	ἐᾱθῶ	ἐᾱθῇς	ἐᾱθῇ	ἐᾱθῆτον	ἐᾱθῆτον	ἐᾱθῶμεν	ἐᾱθῆτε	ἐᾱθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐᾱθείην	ἐᾱθείης	ἐᾱθείη	ἐᾱθεῖτον, ἐᾱθείητον	ἐᾱθείτην, ἐᾱθειήτην	ἐᾱθεῖμεν, ἐᾱθείημεν	ἐᾱθεῖτε, ἐᾱθείητε	ἐᾱθεῖεν, ἐᾱθείησᾰν
	imperative		ἐᾱ́θητῐ	ἐᾱθήτω	ἐᾱ́θητον	ἐᾱθήτων		ἐᾱ́θητε	ἐᾱθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ἐᾶσαι			ἐᾱ́σᾰσθαι		ἐᾱθῆναι
participle	m	ἐᾱ́σᾱς			ἐᾱσᾰ́μενος		ἐᾱθείς
	f	ἐᾱ́σᾱσᾰ			ἐᾱσᾰμένη		ἐᾱθεῖσᾰ
	n	ἐᾶσᾰν			ἐᾱσᾰ́μενον		ἐᾱθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἔᾱσᾰ, ἐᾱσᾰ́μην, ἐᾱ́θην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔᾱσᾰ	ἔᾱσᾰς	ἔᾱσε(ν)	ἐᾱ́σᾰτον	ἐᾱσᾰ́την	ἐᾱ́σᾰμεν	ἐᾱ́σᾰτε	ἔᾱσᾰν
	subjunctive	ἐᾱ́σω, ἐᾱ́σωμῐ	ἐᾱ́σῃς, ἐᾱ́σῃσθᾰ	ἐᾱ́σῃ, ἐᾱ́σῃσῐ	ἐᾱ́σητον	ἐᾱ́σητον	ἐᾱ́σωμεν	ἐᾱ́σητε	ἐᾱ́σωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐᾱ́σαιμῐ	ἐᾱ́σαις, ἐᾱ́σαισθᾰ, ἐᾱ́σειᾰς	ἐᾱ́σειε(ν), ἐᾱ́σαι	ἐᾱσεῖτον	ἐᾱσείτην	ἐᾱσεῖμεν	ἐᾱσεῖτε	ἐᾱσεῖεν
	imperative		ἔᾱσον	ἐᾱσᾰ́τω	ἐᾱ́σᾰτον	ἐᾱσᾰ́των		ἐᾱ́σᾰτε	ἐᾱσᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἐᾱσᾰ́μην	ἐᾱ́σω	ἐᾱ́σᾰτο	ἐᾱ́σᾰσθον	ἐᾱσᾰ́σθην	ἐᾱσᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ	ἐᾱ́σᾰσθε	ἐᾱ́σᾰντο
	subjunctive	ἐᾱ́σωμαι, ἐᾱσώμαιμῐ	ἐᾱ́σηαι, ἐᾱ́σηαι	ἐᾱ́σηται, ἐᾱσήταισῐ	ἐᾱ́σησθον	ἐᾱ́σησθον	ἐᾱσώμε(σ)θᾰ	ἐᾱ́σησθε	ἐᾱ́σωνται
	optative	ἐᾱσαίμην	ἐᾱ́σαιο	ἐᾱ́σαιτο	ἐᾱ́σαισθον	ἐᾱσαίσθην	ἐᾱσαίμε(σ)θᾰ	ἐᾱ́σαισθε	ἐᾱσαίᾰτο
	imperative		ἔᾱσαι	ἐᾱσᾰ́σθω	ἐᾱ́σᾰσθον	ἐᾱσᾰ́σθων		ἐᾱ́σᾰσθε	ἐᾱσᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ἐᾱ́θην	ἐᾱ́θης	ἐᾱ́θη	ἐᾱ́θητον	ἐᾱθήτην	ἐᾱ́θημεν	ἐᾱ́θητε	ἐᾱ́θησᾰν, ἔᾱθεν
	subjunctive	ἐᾱθῶ, ἐᾱθῶμῐ	ἐᾱθῇς, ἐᾱθῇσθᾰ	ἐᾱθῇ, ἐᾱθῇσῐ	ἐᾱθῆτον	ἐᾱθῆτον	ἐᾱθῶμεν	ἐᾱθῆτε	ἐᾱθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐᾱθείην	ἐᾱθείης	ἐᾱθείη	ἐᾱθεῖτον, ἐᾱθείητον	ἐᾱθείτην, ἐᾱθειήτην	ἐᾱθεῖμεν, ἐᾱθείημεν	ἐᾱθεῖτε, ἐᾱθείητε	ἐᾱ́θειεν, ἐᾱθείησᾰν
	imperative		ἐᾱ́θητῐ	ἐᾱθήτω	ἐᾱ́θητον	ἐᾱθήτων		ἐᾱ́θητε	ἐᾱθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ἐᾶσαι/ἐᾱσᾰ́μεν/ἐᾱσᾰμέναι			ἐᾱ́σᾰσθαι		ἐᾱθῆναι/ἐᾱθήμεναι
participle	m	ἐᾱ́σᾱς			ἐᾱσᾰ́μενος		ἐᾱθείς
	f	ἐᾱ́σᾱσᾰ			ἐᾱσᾰμένη		ἐᾱθεῖσᾰ
	n	ἐᾶσᾰν			ἐᾱσᾰ́μενον		ἐᾱθέν
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Perfect: εἴᾱκᾰ, εἴᾱμαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἴᾱκᾰ	εἴᾱκᾰς	εἴᾱκε(ν)	εἰᾱ́κᾰτον	εἰᾱ́κᾰτον	εἰᾱ́κᾰμεν	εἰᾱ́κᾰτε	εἰᾱ́κᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	εἰᾱ́κω	εἰᾱ́κῃς	εἰᾱ́κῃ	εἰᾱ́κητον	εἰᾱ́κητον	εἰᾱ́κωμεν	εἰᾱ́κητε	εἰᾱ́κωσῐ(ν)
	optative	εἰᾱ́κοιμῐ, εἰᾱκοίην	εἰᾱ́κοις, εἰᾱκοίης	εἰᾱ́κοι, εἰᾱκοίη	εἰᾱ́κοιτον	εἰᾱκοίτην	εἰᾱ́κοιμεν	εἰᾱ́κοιτε	εἰᾱ́κοιεν
	imperative		εἴᾱκε	εἰᾱκέτω	εἰᾱ́κετον	εἰᾱκέτων		εἰᾱ́κετε	εἰᾱκόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	εἴᾱμαι	εἴᾱσαι	εἴᾱται	εἴᾱσθον	εἴᾱσθον	εἰᾱ́μεθᾰ	εἴᾱσθε	εἴᾱνται
	subjunctive	εἰᾱμένος ὦ	εἰᾱμένος ᾖς	εἰᾱμένος ᾖ	εἰᾱμένω ἦτον	εἰᾱμένω ἦτον	εἰᾱμένοι ὦμεν	εἰᾱμένοι ἦτε	εἰᾱμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	εἰᾱμένος εἴην	εἰᾱμένος εἴης	εἰᾱμένος εἴη	εἰᾱμένω εἴητον/εἶτον	εἰᾱμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην	εἰᾱμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν	εἰᾱμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε	εἰᾱμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
	imperative		εἴᾱσο	εἰᾱ́σθω	εἴᾱσθον	εἰᾱ́σθων		εἴᾱσθε	εἰᾱ́σθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		εἰᾱκέναι				εἰᾶσθαι
participle	m	εἰᾱκώς				εἰᾱμένος
	f	εἰᾱκυῖᾰ				εἰᾱμένη
	n	εἰᾱκός				εἰᾱμένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• εἰσεάω (eiseáō)
• παρεάω (pareáō)
• προσεάω (proseáō)

Related terms

• ἐᾱτέος (eātéos)

References

• “ἐάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἐάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἐάω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἐάω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἐάω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἐάω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
• “ἐάω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G1439 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Encyclopedia Papyrus Larousse