ἄρουρα
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- 𐠀𐠦𐠄𐠣𐠂 (a-ro-u-ra-i) – Arcadocypriot
Etymology
From Proto-Hellenic *aroura, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥h₃-w-rh₂ (“cultivated land”); cognate with Sanskrit उर्वरा (urvárā).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /á.roː.ra/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈa.ru.ra/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈa.ru.ra/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈa.ru.ra/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈa.ru.ra/
Noun
ἄρουρᾰ • (ároura) f (genitive ἀρούρᾱς); first declension
- cultivated land, a cultivated field
- ground, earth
Declension
First declension of ἡ ἄρουρᾰ; τῆς ἀρούρᾱς (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ ἄρουρᾰ hē ároura | τὼ ἀρούρᾱ tṑ aroúrā | αἱ ἄρουραι hai árourai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς ἀρούρᾱς tês aroúrās | τοῖν ἀρούραιν toîn aroúrain | τῶν ἀρουρῶν tôn arourôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ ἀρούρᾳ têi aroúrāi | τοῖν ἀρούραιν toîn aroúrain | ταῖς ἀρούραις taîs aroúrais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν ἄρουρᾰν tḕn árouran | τὼ ἀρούρᾱ tṑ aroúrā | τᾱ̀ς ἀρούρᾱς tā̀s aroúrās | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἄρουρᾰ ároura | ἀρούρᾱ aroúrā | ἄρουραι árourai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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First declension of ἄρουρᾰ; ἀρούρης (Epic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἄρουρᾰ ároura | ἀρούρᾱ aroúrā | ἄρουραι árourai | ||||||||||
Genitive | ἀρούρης aroúrēs | ἀρούραιν / ἀρούραιῐν / ἀρούρῃῐν aroúrai(i)n / aroúrēiin | ἀρουρᾱ́ων / ἀρουρέ͜ων / ἀρουρῶν arourā́ōn / arouré͜ōn / arourôn | ||||||||||
Dative | ἀρούρῃ aroúrēi | ἀρούραιν / ἀρούραιῐν / ἀρούρῃῐν aroúrai(i)n / aroúrēiin | ἀρούρῃσῐ / ἀρούρῃσῐν / ἀρούρῃς / ἀρούραις aroúrēisi(n) / aroúrēis / aroúrais | ||||||||||
Accusative | ἄρουρᾰν árouran | ἀρούρᾱ aroúrā | ἀρούρᾱς aroúrās | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἄρουρᾰ ároura | ἀρούρᾱ aroúrā | ἄρουραι árourai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Related terms
- ἀρωραῖος (arōraîos) (hyper-Doricism)
Further reading
- ἄρουρα in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἄρουρα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἄρουρα in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Earth idem, page 1009.
- arable idem, page 38.
- earth idem, page 259.
- field idem, page 317.
- glebe idem, page 361.
- ground idem, page 375.
- land idem, page 475.
- mould idem, page 543.
- plough land idem, page 621.
- soil idem, page 791.
- tillage idem, page 875.
- tilth idem, page 875.